For I confess many thanks to you, that today you became an advocate of the truth, and did not defile your lips with foul words and deceitful pretense, but rather cleansed yourself of many pollutions, having refuted the error of the falsely-named gods and having confirmed the truth of the Christian doctrines.
1:2100
ἐγὼδὲἐσπούδασαἀγαγεῖνσεμετ'ἐμοῦδυοῖνἕνεκα·
「而我急切地要把你帶到我這裡來,是為了兩個緣故:」
But I was eager to bring you with me for two reasons:
so that the king should not take you aside privately and punish you for what you spoke that was not pleasing to him, and so that I might repay this favor which you rendered today.
And what is the repayment? To show you how to turn aside from the evil and slippery path which you have walked until now, and to journey the straight and saving path, which you did not fail to know, but which, willfully doing evil, you avoided, casting yourself down into the pits and precipices of iniquity.
Understand, then, O Nachor, being a man of understanding, and be eager to gain Christ alone and the life hidden with him, despising these fleeting and perishing things.
And woe to you, if you depart carrying the heavy burden of sin to that place where there is righteous judgment and recompense of deeds, and do not cast it off, though the setting-down of it is easy.
"for I too know the true and unlying God, through whom all things came into being, and I understand the judgment to come, having heard of it from many scriptural sayings;"
"Perhaps he will have mercy on me, and will open a door of repentance to his wicked servant and apostate, even though it seems to me impossible for there to be forgiveness of my transgressions, heavier than sand, which I have sinned, in knowledge and in ignorance, from infancy even until this..."
And he began to lift up Nachor's thought, which was bowing down toward despair, and to set it more firmly upon faith in Christ, saying: "Nachor, let there be, let there be no doubt in you concerning this;"
"and what else is this, as father Barlaam said, than that it is possible for those who are without hope and utterly corrupted by all iniquities to be saved, and to become servants of Christ, who, through the utmost excess of his love for mankind, has opened the heavenly gates to all who turn to him, shutting the way of salvation against none of all men, but receiving with compassion those who repent? For this reason also, to those who came to the vineyard about the first hour, and the third, and the sixth, and the ninth, and the eleventh hour, an equal wage is assigned, as the holy Gospel says;"
"so that, even if until now you have grown old in sins, if you approach fervently, you will be counted worthy of the same rewards as those who have contended from their youth."
And having spoken many other things about repentance to Nachor, who had grown old in evils, that most divine youth, promising that Christ would become gracious and pledging forgiveness, and assuring him that the Good One is ever ready to receive repentance, softened his diseased soul as with certain medicines, and granted it pure health.
"As for you, O most noble in soul rather than in body, well initiated into these wondrous mysteries, may you remain in this good confession until the end, and may no time or manner cut it out of your heart;"
And the king's son, becoming greatly rejoiced and gladly receiving this word, embraced him and kissed him, and having prayed earnestly to God, sent him out of the palace.
And Nachor, going out with his soul pierced, leapt like a deer into the deepest desert, and came upon the cave of a certain monk who was clothed with the dignity of the priesthood, where that man was hiding on account of the threatening danger.
The priest, then, being filled with divine grace, rejoiced greatly, and at once, as is the custom, catechized him, and after not a few days perfected him by baptism, in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.
And Nachor remained with him, ever repenting of what he had sinned, and blessing God, who wills that no one should perish, but awaits the conversion of all and receives with love of mankind those who repent.
At dawn, the king, learning of what had happened concerning Nachor, and having despaired of the hope he had held for him, and seeing his wise men and foolish orators thus utterly defeated, was at a loss.
And assailing some of them with terrible insults and disgraces, while others he scourged severely with ox-hide whips and smeared their faces with soot, he cast them out of his presence;
but he held his mind wavering on both sides, on the one hand condemning the weakness of his own gods, but on the other fearing the strictness of the evangelical way of life, and being unable to tear himself away from his evil habits.
While the king was thus wrestling with two conflicting thoughts, his most noble son, who truly possessed a most royal soul, was living quietly in his own palace, displaying to all, through his deeds, the nobility, orderliness, and steadfastness of his nature.
For theaters and horse-races and the practice of hunting, and all the vain pursuits and deceits of youth, the baits of foolish souls, were reckoned by him as nothing;
And coming into remembrance of his teacher Barlaam, and beholding his life as in a mirror, he was charmed in soul with love, and took the most careful thought as to how he might see him; and, carrying about his words unforgettably in his heart, he was, as it were, a tree planted by the waters of the psalm, watered unceasingly and bringing forth beautiful fruits to the Lord.
He himself devoted his time to prayers and fastings, and often sent up this cry, saying: "O Lord, my Lord and King, in whom I have believed, to whom I have fled for refuge and from error I have been delivered, render a worthy reward to your servant Barlaam, in return for showing me, who had gone astray, you, the way of truth and of life;"
"and do not deprive me of seeing again that angel in the body, of whom the world is not worthy, and of completing the rest of my life with him, so that, walking in the footsteps of his way of life, I may be well-pleasing to you, God and Master."
But the temple-keepers were afraid, seeing him negligent toward their worship and lukewarmly disposed, lest he should neglect his presence in the temple, and they should be deprived of the royal gift given to them and of their other revenues.
Rising up, then, they came to a cave situated in the deepest desert, where there dwelt a certain man devoted to the magical arts, and who was the most fervent champion of the idolatrous error;
so then, the idols' attendants, who were not priests, coming to him, summoned him to their aid, and made plain to him the condemnation of the gods that had arisen in the king — both what the king's son had done, and what Nachor had publicly spoken against them — and said, "Unless you yourself," they said, "come to help us, all hope is gone, all reverence for the gods has perished;"
Theudas, then, set out on campaign with the satanic host accompanying him, and armed himself against the truth, having summoned many of the evil spirits, which he knew to cooperate eagerly toward wicked deeds, and which he always used as servants;
When his arrival was announced to the king, and he entered, holding a staff of palm-wood and girded with a small sheepskin, the king rose from his throne, and going to meet him, embraced him, and had a throne brought near his own.
"Therefore I have come, that we may together celebrate a thanksgiving feast, and sacrifice to the immortal gods beautiful young men and comely maidens, and offer them a hundred bulls and very many other animals, so that we may have them henceforth as unconquerable allies, smoothing out our whole life for us."
"for what are the things spoken by them, when set against rational and sensible men? These, in my judgment, will be cast down more easily than a leaf shaken by the wind."
"But, in order that this contest now before us, and whatever else we might wish, may go straight for us, and that affairs may proceed smoothly, adorn this public festival, and put on the goodwill of the gods as if it were some mighty weapon;"
Having thus boasted, he who was mighty in evil and who meditated iniquity all the day long (for let David join his voice with us here), and who gave his neighbor a turbid overthrow to drink, as Isaiah says, by the cooperation of the evil spirits accompanying him, caused the king to forget altogether the thoughts that reminded him toward salvation, and to cling once more diligently to his former habits.
Hence, when royal letters had gone forth everywhere for all to assemble at their abominable festival, one could see the multitudes streaming together, sheep and oxen and various kinds of animals being led along.
When all had gathered together, the king arose and, together with the deceiver Theudas, proceeded to the temple, bringing a hundred and twenty bulls to sacrifice, and many animals besides.
And they carried out their accursed festival, so that the city resounded with the voices of the irrational animals, and the very air was polluted by the reek of the sacrifices.
When these things had thus been accomplished, and the spirits of wickedness had greatly exulted over the victory of Theudas, and the temple-wardens had rendered him thanks, the king returned again to the palace.
"It is time now to fulfill what was promised, and to rescue my son, who has apostatized from our objects of worship, from the error of the Christians, and to reconcile him to the gracious gods."
"If, then, being freed from this through you, I shall again see my son serving my gods together with me, and enjoying the desires of this pleasurable life and of the kingdom, I will erect for you a golden statue, and appoint that you be honored by all, equal to the gods, for all the endless time to come."
1:2183
ὉΘευδᾶςτοίνυνοὖςεὐήκοονὑποκλίναςτῷπονηρῷ, καὶπαρ'
提烏達於是向那惡者側耳傾聽,並從
Theudas, then, having inclined an attentive ear to the evil one, and from
"If you wish to subdue your son and render his resistance vain, I have devised a device against which he will not even be able to hold out, but his hard and unyielding reasoning will be softened more easily than wax that comes into contact with a most fierce fire."
But the king, seeing the vain man thus boasting so idly, immediately turned to pleasure and cheerfulness, hoping that that licentious and audacious tongue would prevail over a soul taught by God and full of philosophy.
"O king," he said, "remove far from your son all those who attend and serve him, and command that beautiful women, exceedingly comely and adorned so as to be all the more alluring, be with him continually and wait upon him, share his daily life and dwell together with him."
"And the moment he has union with even one single one of such women, if all does not turn out according to your wish, then let me henceforth be despised and useless to you, and worthy of the greatest punishments, not honors."
"When the king heard this, it is said that he hewed out a cave-like dwelling from a certain rock, and shut the child up there together with his nurses, showing him no gleam of light whatsoever until the completion of the twelve years."
"After the completion of the twelve years, he brought the boy out of the little dwelling, who had seen nothing at all of the world, and the king commanded that everything be arranged and shown to him according to kind: men in one place, women in another, gold elsewhere, silver, and from another place pearls and costly stones, splendid and elegant garments, magnificent chariots with royal horses bearing golden bridles together with purple carpets, and armed riders upon them, herds of oxen and flocks of sheep."
"And when he inquired what each of these things was called, the king's shield-bearers and spearmen told him the name of each; but when he asked to learn the name of the women, the king's sword-bearer wittily said that they were called demons, who lead men astray."
"So when, having gone about and seen everything, they brought him back to the king, the king asked him what among the things he had seen had appeared pleasing to him."
"What," said the boy, "but those demons, who lead men astray? For my soul was set ablaze with desire for the friendship of none of the things I saw today, except theirs."
Beautiful and exceedingly comely, whom, having also adorned with resplendent finery and prepared them entirely to be alluring, he cast out all the attendants and servants of his son from the palace, and put those women in their place.
These women then clung to him, entwined themselves about him, and provoked him toward abominable intercourse, enticing him to pleasure by every gesture and word.
But Theudas, having again resorted to that wicked cave, and having bent over the books capable of effecting such things, and having summoned one of the evil spirits, sent it forth to war against the soldier arrayed for Christ;
not knowing, wretched man, what mockery he was about to suffer, and how filled with shame he would be, together with the whole demonic phalanx under him.
The evil spirit, having taken along with it other, still more evil spirits, seized upon the bedchamber of the noble youth, and fell upon him, having kindled the furnace of the flesh most violently.
But that pure soul, perceiving the assault of the evil one, and seeing the war of improper thoughts coming upon it with violence, was thrown into turmoil;
and sought to find a release from so great an evil, and to present himself pure to Christ, and not to defile with the mire of the passions that holy robe with which the grace of holy baptism had clothed him.
So he at once set love against love, the divine against the licentious, and brought to his own remembrance that beauty and ineffable glory of Christ, the immortal Bridegroom of the purest souls, and of that bridal chamber and marriage, from which those who have stained the wedding garment are pitiably cast out, bound hand and foot, into the outer darkness.
Having pondered these things and being moved to tears, he struck his breast, driving away from there the evil thoughts as though they were wicked drones.
"Lord Almighty, who alone art powerful and compassionate, the hope of those who have despaired, the help of the helpless, remember me, your unworthy servant, in this hour, and look upon me with a merciful eye, and deliver my soul from the demonic sword, and my only one from the hand of the dog;"
And having recognized the schemes of the deceitful one, he began to afflict his body all the more with lack of food and drink and with other hardships, performing all-night vigils, reminding himself of his professions of faith to God, and sketching before his mind the radiance there of the righteous, and vividly recounting the Gehenna threatened against the wicked;
The enemy, then, being utterly at a loss on every side, and having wholly despaired of capturing the noble youth, that terrible one resorts to another, more elaborate deceit, being ever wicked and never ceasing to devise schemes and to do harm.
For, having stealthily insinuated himself into one of those maidens—who was the most beautiful of them all, being the daughter of a king, and had been made a captive, estranged from her own homeland, and had been brought to King Abenner as a most magnificent gift, and whom, being exceedingly most beautiful, the father had sent to be the ruin and tripping-stone of his son—into this maiden the deceiver stealthily entered, and suggested to her words that displayed great wisdom and shrewdness of her reasoning.
Then, falling upon the king's son from the right side, he instilled in him a love-charm for the maiden, on account of her seeming discretion and modesty, and because, being so nobly born and of royal lineage, she had been deprived at once of her homeland and of her glory.
For the king's son, being so disposed in soul, and seeing in himself no filthy thought or passionate desire stirring toward the maiden, but only compassion and pity for her calamity and the loss of her soul, did not know that the matter was a demonic device.
1:2243
ὄντωςγὰρσκότοςἐστὶνἐκεῖνοςκαὶτὸφῶςὑποκρίνεται
因為他實在是黑暗,卻假裝成光明。
For indeed he is darkness, yet feigns to be light.
For as the king's son began to converse with the maiden and to speak to her the words of the knowledge of God, saying, 'Understand, O woman, the God who lives forever, and do not be corrupted by this error of idols, but recognize the Master and Creator of this universe, and you will be blessed, wedded to the immortal Bridegroom.'
As he admonished her with many such words, the evil spirit immediately dictated to the woman to spread beneath him the snares of deceit and to drag that soul beloved of God down into the pit of passion, just as he once did to the first-father through Eve, wretchedly, alas, banishing him from paradise and from God, and bringing it about that he became liable to death instead of the blessed and immortal life.
"If, my lord, you care for my salvation, and are eager to bring me to your God and to save my humble soul, do also yourself grant me one request, and I will at once renounce all my ancestral gods and join myself to your God, serving him until my last breath, and you shall receive the reward of my salvation and my conversion to God."
And when he said, 'What is the request, O woman?' she, composing her posture and glance and voice and her whole self to allure, said, 'Join with me in the union of marriage, and I will gladly follow your commands.'
But she, smoothing and levelling the whole path for him, said, 'Why do you, who are filled with all wisdom, say such things? Why have you called the matter defilement and called the union shameful? For I too am not uninitiated in the Christian books;
Is it not written, then, in one of your books, 'Marriage is honorable and the bed undefiled'? And, 'It is better to marry than to burn'? And, 'What God has joined together, let no man put asunder'? Do not your Scriptures teach that all the righteous of old, both patriarchs and prophets, were joined in marriage? Is it not written that that Peter, whom you say became chief of the apostles, had a wife? Persuaded by whom, then, do you yourself call this thing defilement? You seem to me, my lord, quite
1:2256
τῶνδογμάτωνὑμῶνἀποπλανᾶσθαι
偏離了你們教義的真理。
astray from the truth of your own doctrines.
1:2257
Ὁδέ, Ναί, φησίν, ὦγύναι·
他卻說:「是的,女子啊;」
But he said, 'Yes, O woman;'
1:2258
οὕτωςἔχειταῦταπάντακαθὼςεἴρηκας
「這一切正如你所說的那樣。」
all these things are just as you have said.
1:2259
ἐφεῖταιγὰρτοῖςβουλομένοιςγάμῳκοινωνεῖν·
「因為對那些願意進入婚姻的人,這是被允許的;」
For it is permitted to those who wish to partake of marriage;
1:2260
ἀλλ'οὐτοῖςἅπαξἐπαγγελλομένοιςτῷΧριστῷπαρθενεύειν
「但對那些一旦已向基督許願要守童貞的人,卻不被允許。」
but not to those who have once vowed to Christ to remain virgin.
For I, from the time I was cleansed by the washing of holy baptism, resolved to present myself to Christ pure from the faults of my youth and ignorance;
If, then, there is joy in heaven at the conversion of a sinner, is not a great reward owed to the one who brings about that conversion? Yes, it is so, and do not doubt it.
Did not the leaders of your religion, the apostles, also do many things out of dispensation, at times transgressing one commandment for the sake of a greater commandment? Is it not said that Paul circumcised Timothy, for the sake of a better dispensation? And yet circumcision is reckoned unlawful for Christians;