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法蘭克人史 第 1 章 第 12/38 段

拉丁文原文.39 節.部分字詞可點開查義.本章太長已分段,此段為 1:408–1:446(全章共 1415 節)

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1:408
si vero iili contra vos invaluerint, ecce re­ seratas reperietis portas; ingredimini ne pcreatis. Hoc illi dolo delusi, egressi foras bellum parant; sed superati ab exercitu Celsi, fugam ineunt, venientes­ que ad urben, portas reperiunt obseratas. b Cum­ que exercitus a tergo jaculis feriretur c, opcriretur­ que lapidibus ab urbanis, ad amnem Rhodanum diri­ gum, ibiquc parmis superpositi, ulteriorem ripam expetunt. Sed multos ex his violentia amnis direptos enecavit, fecitque Rhodanus tune Arvernis, quod fc­ cisse quondam Simois d legitur de Trojanis : ...... Correpta sub undis Scuta virum, galeasquc, ct fortia corpora volvit. Apparent rari nantes in gurgite vasto. (Virg. Æneid. lib.
「但若他們勝過你們,看哪,你們必發現城門敞開;快進來,免得喪命。」這些人中了此計,出城去預備作戰;卻被凱爾蘇斯之軍所勝,便逃跑,來到城邊,發現城門緊閉。當軍隊背後遭標槍襲擊,又被城中人以石頭壓住時,他們便奔向羅訥河,在那裡伏在自己的盾牌上,欲渡到對岸。但河水的暴烈把他們許多人捲走淹死,那時羅訥河之於奧弗涅人,正如人所讀到的西摩伊斯河昔日之於特洛伊人:「……波濤之下捲走了將士的盾牌、頭盔與強壯的身軀。零落的泅水者顯現於浩瀚的漩渦之中。」(維吉爾《埃涅阿斯紀》卷
'but if they prevail against you, behold you will find the gates thrown open; enter, lest you perish.' These men, deceived by this trick, went out abroad and made ready for battle; but, overcome by the army of Celsus, they took to flight, and coming to the city, found the gates barred. And when the army was struck from behind with javelins, and was overwhelmed with stones by the townsfolk, they made for the river Rhône, and there, placed upon their shields, sought the farther bank. But the violence of the river snatched away and slew many of them, and the Rhône then did to the Auvergnats what the Simois is read to have once done to the Trojans: '...... Caught beneath the waves it rolls the shields of men, and helmets, and strong bodies. Here and there scattered swimmers appear in the vast whirlpool.' (Virgil, Aeneid bk.
1:409
I.) Qui vix natandi, ut diximus, impulsu, parmarumquc adjuti adminiculo, littoris alterius plana contingere potucrunt.Qui nudati a rebus, ab equitibus [Al. equis] destituti, non sine grandi contumelia patriæ resti­ tutisunt. Firmino tamen e et Audouario discedendi via indulta est. Multi ibi tunc viri ex Arvernis, non so­ lum torrentis impetu rapti, verum etiam gladiorum ictibus sunt prostrati. 171 Ac sic Guntchramnus rex recepta urbe illa, juxta consuetudinem bonitatis suae, Avennicam ditionibus fratris i sui restituit. XXXI. igitur in Galliis magnum prodigium i de Taureduno castro apparuit, quod super Rhodanum fluvium in monte collocatum crat.
一)他們如我們所說,僅憑泅水之力,又借盾牌之助,勉強得以到達對岸的平地。這些人被剝奪了財物,失去了馬匹,蒙受極大的恥辱被送回故鄉。然而費爾米努斯與奧多瓦則獲准離去。當時奧弗涅的許多人,不僅被急流捲走,也被刀劍擊倒,倒臥而亡。於是貢特拉姆王收復了那城,按其素常的良善,把亞維農歸還其兄弟的領地。第三十一章。那時在高盧,關於托雷杜努姆堡顯出一大奇兆,這堡設在羅訥河上一座山上。
I.) Who scarcely, as we have said, by the impulse of swimming, and aided by the support of their shields, were able to reach the level ground of the other shore. These men, stripped of their possessions, deprived of their horses, were restored to their homeland not without great disgrace. To Firminus, however, and to Audovar leave to depart was granted. Many men of the Auvergnats then, not only snatched away by the rush of the torrent, but also struck down by the blows of swords, were laid low. And so King Guntram, having recovered that city, according to his customary goodness, restored Avignon to the dominions of his brother. XXXI. Now in Gaul a great portent appeared concerning the fort of Tauredunum, which was set upon a mountain over the river Rhône.
1:410
Qui cum per dies amplius sexaginta nescio quem mugitum daret, tan- dem scissus atque separatus mons ille ab alio monLe sibi propinquo, cum hominibus, ecclosiis, opibusquc ac domibus in fluvium ruit, exclusoque amnis illius . Httore, aqua retrorsum petiit Locus cteuim ille ab utraque parte a montibus conclusus erat, inter que rum angustias torrens defluit. Inundans ergo supe­ riorem partem, quæ ripae insidebat a, operuit atquo delevit.
當它六十多天發出某種我不知名的轟鳴之後,那山終於裂開,與旁邊另一座山分離,連同人、教堂、財富與房屋一同墜入河中;那河的岸被堵塞,水便倒流。因為那地兩邊都被群山封閉,急流在其狹隘之間奔流而下。於是水淹沒了緊靠河岸的上游一帶,把它覆蓋並毀滅。
When for more than sixty days it gave forth I know not what kind of bellowing, at last that mountain, split and separated from another mountain near to it, fell into the river with men, churches, riches, and houses; and the shore of that river being blocked off, the water sought backward. For that place was on either side shut in by mountains, between whose narrows the torrent flows down. Flooding therefore the upper part, which was set against the bank, it covered and destroyed it.
1:411
Accumulata enim aqua erumpeus deorsum, inopinatos reperiens homines, ut desuper fecerat, ipsos enecavit, domos evertit, jumenta delevit, et quæ cuncta littoribus illis insidebant, usque ad Je­ nubam i civitatem, violenta atque subita inundatione diripuit atque subvertit. Traditur a multis tantam congericm inibi aquæ fuisse, ut in antedictam civi­ tatem super muros ingrederetur. Quod dubium nun est, quia, ut diximus, Rhodanus in locis illis inter angustias montium defluit, nec babuit in latere, cum fuit exclusus, quo se diverteret: commotumque mon­ tem qui descenderat adsemet erupit, et sic cuncta delevit.
因為積聚的水向下沖決,出其不意地遇見人,正如它在上游所行的一般,把他們殺死,推翻房屋,毀滅牲畜,並以猛烈而突然的洪流,把凡坐落於那些岸上之物盡都捲走推翻,直到日內瓦城。許多人傳說那裡的水勢如此之大,竟越過城牆湧入前述的城。這並非可疑,因為如我們所說,羅訥河在那些地方於群山的狹隘之間奔流而下,當它被堵塞時,側邊毫無可轉之處:那已坍塌墜下的山便回沖向自身,如此把一切毀滅。
For the accumulated water, bursting downward and finding men unawares, just as it had done above, slew them, overturned houses, destroyed beasts of burden, and with a violent and sudden inundation swept away and overturned all that sat upon those banks, even as far as the city of Geneva. It is handed down by many that there was so great a mass of water there that it entered the aforesaid city over the walls. Which is not doubtful, since, as we have said, the Rhône flows down in those places between the narrows of mountains, and had no room at its side, when it was blocked off, whither it might turn itself: and the dislodged mountain which had descended burst back upon itself, and so destroyed all things.
1:412
Quod cum factum fuisset, triginta monachi, unde castrum ruerat advenerunt, et terram illam, quae monte diruente remanserat, fodientes, æs sive ferrum reperiunt. Quod dum agerent, mugitum mon­ tis, ut prius fuerat, audierunt. Sed dum a sæva cu­ piditate retinentur, pars illa quae nondum ruerat, 172 super eos cecidit, quos operuit atque inlerfe­ cit, nec ultra inventi sunt. Similiter et ante cladem Arvernam, magna regionem illam prodigia terrue­ runt. Nam plerumque tres aut quatuor splendores magni circa solem apparuerunt, quos rustici soles vocabant, dicentes : Ecce tres vel quatuor soles in coelo.
當這事發生後,三十個修士來到那堡崩塌之處,挖掘山倒之後殘留的土地,找到了銅或鐵。當他們正這樣做時,聽見那山如先前一般發出轟鳴。但當他們被狂烈的貪慾所拖住時,那尚未坍塌的部分倒在他們身上,把他們覆蓋並殺死,他們再也找不著了。同樣,在奧弗涅的災禍之前,大的奇兆也驚嚇了那地。因為時常有三四個巨大的光輝出現在太陽周圍,鄉間的人稱之為太陽,說:「看哪,天上有三四個太陽。」
When this had happened, thirty monks came to the place whence the fort had collapsed, and digging up that ground which had remained after the mountain's destruction, they found bronze or iron. While they were doing this, they heard the bellowing of the mountain, as it had been before. But while they were held back by their fierce greed, that part which had not yet collapsed fell upon them, covered and slew them, and they were found no more. Likewise also, before the disaster of the Auvergne, great portents terrified that region. For very often three or four great splendours appeared around the sun, which the country folk called suns, saying: 'Behold three or four suns in the sky.'
1:413
Quadam tamen vice in kalendis Octobribus, ita sol obscuratus apparuit, ut nee quarta quidem pars in eodem lucens remaneret, sed teter atque de. color apparens, quasi saccus videbatur. Nam et stella, quam quidam cometem vocant, radium tan­ quam gladium habens, super regionem illam per an­ num integrum apparuit, et coelum ardere visum est, et multa alia signa apparuere. In ecclesia vero Ar­ verna, dum matutinæ celebrarentur vigiliæ in qua­ dam festivitate, avis corydalus I, quam alaudam vocamus, ingressa, omnia luminaria quae lucebant, alis superpositis in tanta velocitate exstinxit, ut pu­ tares ea in unius hominis manu positi, aqua fuisse submersa :
然而有一次,在十月初一,太陽顯得如此昏暗,以致連四分之一也不再閃耀,反倒顯出污濁變色,看似麻布。又有一顆星,有人稱之為彗星,帶著如刀劍般的光芒,在那地上空整整一年出現,天空似在燃燒,還有許多別的異象顯現。但在奧弗涅的教會中,當某節期慶祝晨更守夜時,一隻雲雀——我們稱為「alauda」——飛入,以雙翼覆在燈上,以如此迅疾把一切正亮著的燈盡都熄滅,使你以為它們是被人放在一人手中、浸入水裡熄掉的:
On one occasion, however, on the kalends of October, the sun appeared so darkened that not even a fourth part of it remained shining in it, but appearing foul and discoloured, it seemed like sackcloth. And also a star, which some call a comet, having a ray like a sword, appeared over that region for a whole year, and the sky seemed to burn, and many other signs appeared. But in the church of the Auvergne, while the matin vigils were being celebrated on a certain feast day, a lark, which we call 'alauda,' having entered, with wings laid over them extinguished all the lamps that were shining with such swiftness that you would think they had been plunged in water, placed in one man's hand:
1:414
in sacrario autem sub velo transiens, ci­ cindelum k exstinguere voluit, sed ab ostiariis probri bita atque occisa Cit. Simile et in basilica beati An­ dreæa de lychnis lucentibus, a, is alia fecit. Jam vero adyeniente ipsa clade, taota strages de populo illo facta est per totam regionem illam, ut nec numerari possit quantae ibidem ceciderint legiones. Nam cum am sarcofagi aut tabulæ defecissent, decem aut eo amplius in una humi fossa sepeliebantur. Numerata sunt autem quadam Dominica in una beati Petri ba­ silica b trecenta defunclorum corpora : erat enim et ipsa mors subita.
它穿入帷幔下的祭壇,想要熄滅那盞小燭,卻被守門人攔阻而被殺。它在有福的安德烈的聖殿中,對正亮著的燈也行了類似的事。如今,當那瘟疫臨近時,那地全境的百姓遭如此大的屠戮,以致無法計算那裡倒下了多少軍團。因為當棺木或木板缺乏時,便有十個或更多人埋在地中挖的一個坑裡。在某主日,僅在有福的彼得的一座聖殿中,便數出三百具死者的屍體:因為那死亡也是突然的。
and passing into the sanctuary under the veil, it wished to extinguish the small candle, but, prevented by the doorkeepers, it was killed. It did something similar also in the basilica of the blessed Andrew, with the lamps that were shining. Now indeed, as that very plague drew near, so great a slaughter of that people was wrought throughout that whole region that the number of legions that fell there cannot be reckoned. For when coffins or planks were lacking, ten or even more were buried in one pit dug in the ground. There were counted on a certain Sunday in the one basilica of the blessed Peter three hundred bodies of the dead: for that death too was sudden.
1:415
Nam nascente in inguine aut in ascella vulnere in modum serpentis, ita inficieban­ tur homines illi 0 173 a veneno, ut die altera aut tertia spiritum exhalarent. Sed et sensum vis illa veneni auferehat ab homine. Tunc et Calo presby­ ter mortuus cst d. Nam cum de hac lue multi fugis­ sent, ille tamen populum sepeliens, ct Missas dicens Viritim e, nunquam ab eo luco discessit. Hie antem presbyter multae humanitatis, et satis dilector paupe­ rum fuit : et. credo haec causa ei, si quid superbiae habuit, medicamentum fuit. Cautinus autem episco­ pus, cum diversa loca, hanc cladem timens, cir­ cumisset, ad civitatem regressus est, et hanc incur­ rens, parasceve Passionis dominicae obiit.
因為當鼠蹊或腋下生出如蛇形的瘡時,那些人便被毒如此感染,以致在第二或第三天嚥下了氣。那毒的力量也奪去了人的知覺。那時長老加圖也死了。因為當許多人從這瘟疫逃離時,他卻仍埋葬眾人,逐一為他們作彌撒,從未離開那地。這位長老是極富仁慈之人,又是窮人的大愛護者:我相信,這對他成了醫治,若他有甚麼驕傲的話。但主教考蒂努斯因懼怕這災禍,巡行了各處之後,返回城中,染上此疫,在主受難的禮拜五死去。
For with a sore arising in the groin or in the armpit in the manner of a serpent, those men were so infected by the poison that on the second or third day they breathed out their spirit. And that force of the poison took away the senses from a man. Then Cato the presbyter too died. For when many had fled from this pestilence, he nevertheless, burying the people and saying Masses man by man, never departed from that place. Now this presbyter was a man of great kindness, and a great lover of the poor: and, I believe, this was a remedy to him, if he had any pride. But Bishop Cautinus, when he had gone about various places, fearing this disaster, returned to the city, and falling into it, died on the Friday of the Lord's Passion.
1:416
Nam ipsa hora et Tetradius consobrinus ejus mortuus est. Tunc et Lugdunum, Biturix, Cavillonum f atque Di­ vionum ab hac infirmitate valde depopulata sunt. * XXXII. Erat g tunc temporis apud Randanense monasterium civitatis Arvernicæ presbyter praeclarae virtutis, Julianus nomine, vir magnæ abstinentiæ, qui neque vinum neque ulluiu pulmentum utebatur, cilicio omni tempore sub tunicam habens, in vigiliis primus, in oratione assiduus: cui inergunienos curare, cæcos illuminare, vel reliquas infirmitates depellere per invocationem dominici nominis, et signaculum sanctæ crucis facile erat.
因為在同一時辰,他的表親特特拉迪烏斯也死了。那時里昂、布爾日、夏隆與第戎也因這疾病大大人口凋零。第三十二章。當時在奧弗涅城的朗丹修道院,有一位德行卓著的長老,名叫尤利安,是極富克己之人,他既不用酒,也不用任何熟食,終年在內衣下穿苦衣,守夜時居首,恆切於禱告:對他而言,藉呼求主名與聖十字架的記號,醫治被附之人、使瞎眼者得見、或驅除其他疾病,乃是輕而易舉之事。
For at that same hour his cousin Tetradius too died. Then also Lyon, Bourges, Chalon, and Dijon were greatly depopulated by this sickness. XXXII. There was at that time, at the monastery of Randan of the city of the Auvergne, a presbyter of renowned virtue, Julian by name, a man of great abstinence, who used neither wine nor any cooked food, wearing a hair shirt at all times under his tunic, first in the vigils, assiduous in prayer: for whom to cure the possessed, to enlighten the blind, or to drive away other infirmities through the invocation of the Lord's name and the sign of the holy cross, was easy.
1:417
Idem cum stando pedes ab humore haberet infectos, et ei diceretur, cur contra possibilitatem corporis semper staret, dicere cum juco spirituali erat solitus : Faciunt opus meum, dum ct vita comes est, nec lue eorum sustentatio Domino jubente relinquit. Nam vidimus eum quadam vice in basilica beati Juliani martyris inergumenum verba tantum curasse : quartanariis et aliis febribus saepe per orationem remedia conferebat. Qui sub hoc tem­ pore luis, dicrum atque virtutum plenus ex hoc mundo est assumptus in requie. 174 * XXXIII. Transiit tunc et abbas monasterii ipsius, cui Sunniulfus h successit, vir totius simplicitatis et charitatis.
當他因久站而雙腳被濕氣所染,有人問他為何總要違背身體的能力而站立時,他常以屬靈的戲言說:「只要生命還相伴,這雙腳就為我作工;蒙主吩咐,扶持它們之事也不離棄我。」因為我們有一次見他在有福的殉道者尤利安的聖殿中,僅以言語便醫好一個被附之人:對患四日熱及其他熱病的人,他也常藉禱告賜下醫治。約在這瘟疫之時,他滿了年日與德行,從這世界被接入安息。第三十三章。那時那同一修道院的院長也去世了,由蘇尼烏爾夫繼任,他是一個全然單純而仁愛之人。
When, from standing, he had his feet infected with moisture, and it was said to him why he always stood against the capacity of his body, he was accustomed to say with spiritual jest: 'They do my work, while life too is a companion, nor, the Lord commanding it, does the sustaining of them forsake me.' For we saw him on one occasion in the basilica of the blessed martyr Julian cure a possessed man by words alone: and to those suffering from quartan and other fevers he often conferred remedies through prayer. At about this time of the plague he, full of days and of virtues, was taken from this world into rest. XXXIII. There passed away then also the abbot of that same monastery, whom Sunniulf succeeded, a man of all simplicity and charity.
1:418
Nam plerumque hospitum pedes ipso abluebat, manibusque ipse tergebat; unum tantum, quod gregem commissum non timore, sed supplica­ tione regebat. Ipse quoque referre erat solitus, du­ Ctum se per visum ad quoddam flumen igneum, in quo ab una parte littoris concurrentes populi seu apes ad alvearia mergebantur : et erant alii u-que ad cingulum, alii vero usque ad ascellas, nonnulli usque mentum, clamantes cum fletu se vehementer aduri. Erat enim et fons super fluvium positus ita angustus, ut vix unius vestigii latitudinem recipere posset. Ap­ parebat autem et in alia parte littoris domus magna extrinsecus dealbata. Tunc iis qui cum eo erant, quid sibi hæc velint interrogat. At illi dixerunt:
因為他極常親自為客人洗腳,並親手擦乾;只有一事,就是他治理託付給他的群羊,不憑恐嚇,而憑懇求。他也常述說,自己在異象中被領到一條火河前,眾民從岸的一邊蜂擁而入,如蜜蜂湧入蜂房:有的及腰,有的及腋,有的及頦,哭喊著說自己被猛烈焚燒。因為河上還有一道泉,狹窄到僅能容一足之寬。岸的另一邊還顯出一座大屋,外面刷白。那時他問同在的人,這些事對他有何意義。他們說:
For he very often washed the feet of guests himself, and wiped them with his own hands; one thing only, that he governed the flock committed to him not by fear, but by entreaty. He too was accustomed to relate that he had been led in a vision to a certain fiery river, into which the peoples thronging from one part of the shore were plunged like bees to their hives: and some were up to the waist, others up to the armpits, some up to the chin, crying out with weeping that they were vehemently burned. For there was also a spring set above the river so narrow that it could scarcely receive the breadth of a single footstep. And there appeared also on the other part of the shore a great house, whitewashed on the outside. Then he asked those who were with him what these things might mean for him. And they said:
1:419
De hoc enim ponte praecipitabitur, qui ad distringendum commissum gregem fuerit repertus ignavus; qui vero strenuus fuerit, sine periculo transit, et inducitur latus ill domum quam conspicis ultra. Haec audiens a somno cxcutitur, multo deinceps monachis severior apparens. ' XXXIV. Quid cliam apud quoddam monasterium eo tempore actum sit, pandam : nomen autem mo­ nachi i, quia superest, nominari nolo, ne cum haec scripta ad eum pervenerint, vanam incurrens gloriam reviliscat. Quidam juvenis ad monasterium veniens. abbati se commendavit, ut in Dei servitio degeret: cui ille cum multa objicerel, dicens durum esse ser.
「因為凡在管教託付給他的群羊上被發現懶惰的,必從這橋上被拋下;但凡殷勤的,便平安渡過,被領入你所看見的那邊之屋。」聽見這些話,他從睡夢中驚醒,此後對眾修士顯得嚴厲得多。第三十四章。我也要披露那時在某修道院所行之事:但那修士的名字,因他尚在世,我不願提出,免得當這些文字傳到他那裡時,他染上虛榮而墮落。有一個少年來到修道院,把自己託付給院長,求在神的服事中度日:當院長向他陳說許多事,說那地的服事甚難,
'For from this bridge shall be cast down whoever shall have been found slothful in disciplining the flock committed to him; but whoever shall have been diligent passes over without peril, and is led into that house which you behold beyond.' Hearing these things, he was shaken from sleep, thereafter appearing much more severe to the monks. XXXIV. I will also disclose what was done at a certain monastery at that time: but the monk's name, since he survives, I am unwilling to have named, lest, when these writings reach him, incurring vain glory, he grow base. A certain young man, coming to the monastery, commended himself to the abbot, that he might dwell in the service of God: to whom, when he objected many things, saying that the service of that place was hard,
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vitium illius loci, nec omnino tanta possit implere quanita ei injungebantur, se omnia impleturum in nomine Domini pollicetur; sicque collectus cst ab abbate. Factum est autem post paucos dies, dum in hulilitate atque sanctitate se in onibus exhiberet, ut expellentes monachi 175 de horrea annonas, quasi coros tres, ad solem siccare ponerent, quas huic custe dire praecipiunt. Gum autem reficientibus aliis, hic ad custodiam resideret annonae, subito nu- bilatum est coelum, et ecce Imber validus cum ru­ more venti festinus ad annonae congeriem appropiu­ qnabat : quod oernens monachus, quid agere, quid facere nesciebat.
又說他全然不能成就那加於他的諸多責任,他卻應許奉主的名要成就一切;於是他被院長接納。過了幾天,當他在凡事上表現出謙卑與聖潔時,眾修士把約三量的穀物從穀倉中搬出,放在太陽下曬乾,吩咐這人看守。當其他人正在用飯,而他坐著看守穀物時,天空忽然密布烏雲,看哪,一陣帶著風吼的猛烈陣雨正急速逼近那堆穀物:那修士見此,不知該做甚麼、該如何是好。
and that he could not at all fulfil so much as was enjoined upon him, he promised that he would fulfil all things in the name of the Lord; and so he was received by the abbot. Now it came to pass after a few days, while he showed himself in humility and holiness in all things, that the monks, throwing out the grain from the granary, about three measures, set it out to dry in the sun, and ordered this man to guard them. But while the others were taking food, and he sat on guard of the grain, suddenly the sky became clouded, and behold a violent shower with the roar of wind was hastening upon the heap of grain: which the monk perceiving, knew not what to do, what to perform.
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Tractans autem quod si caeteros vocaret, prae multitudine hoc recondere in horrea uon valerent, cuncta postposita, ad orationem con­ vertitur, Dominum deprecans, ne super triticum illud imbris illius gutta descenderet. Quod cum se terrae dejiciens exoraret, divisa est nubes, et circa annonam pluvia valde diffusa est, nullum granum tritici, si dici fas est, humectans. Cumque reliqui monachi cum abbate haec consentientes, velociter ut annonam colligerent advenissent, cernunt hoc mira­ culum, requirentesque custodem, inveniuntque [Leg. inveniunt]haud procul arenae dejectum orantem. Quod viaens annas, se post eum prosternit, et pertranseunte pluvia, consummata oratione vocat ut surgeret.
但他考慮到,若召喚其他人,因穀物量多,他們無法將其收進穀倉,便撇下一切,轉而禱告,懇求主使那雨一滴也不落在那麥子上。當他俯伏在地禱告時,那雲分開了,雨極豐沛地傾倒在穀物四周,卻——若可這樣說——一粒麥子也未沾濕。當其餘修士與院長同意此事,迅速前來收聚穀物時,他們見了這神蹟,尋找看守者,發現他在不遠處俯臥沙上禱告。院長見此,便在他身後俯伏;雨過之後,禱告既畢,便叫他起來。
But considering that if he called the others, on account of the multitude they could not store this in the granaries, setting all else aside, he turned to prayer, beseeching the Lord that no drop of that rain might descend upon that wheat. And while, casting himself upon the ground, he was praying, the cloud was divided, and the rain was poured out very abundantly around the grain, wetting not a single grain of the wheat, if it is right to say so. And when the rest of the monks with the abbot, agreeing to this, had come quickly to gather in the grain, they beheld this miracle, and seeking the guardian, they found him not far off, cast down on the sand, praying. Seeing which the abbot prostrated himself behind him, and the rain having passed over, the prayer being finished, called him to rise.
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Quem apprehensum verberibus agi praecepit, dicens: Oportet enim te, fili, in timore et servitio Dei humiliter crescere, non prodigiis atque virtutibus gloriari. Reclusumque in cellulam septem dies, eum sicut culpabilem jejunare praecepit, quo ab eo vanam glo­ riam, ne ei aliquod impedimentum generaret, aver­ teret. Nune autem idem monachus, ut a fidelibus viris cognovimus, -in tanta abstinentia est devotus, ut diebus Quadragesimae nullum alimentum panis accipiat, nisi tantum die tertia plenum calice thisinæ hauriat: quem Dominus orantibus usque vitæ con­ summationem, ut sibi placeat, custodire dignetur. ' XXXV 8.
他抓住他,下令以鞭責打他,說:「我兒,你應當在敬畏與服事神中謙卑地長進,不可因奇事與神蹟而誇耀。」他把他關在一間小室裡七天,命他像有罪之人一般禁食,好使他轉離那虛榮,免得它為他生出甚麼妨礙。但如今這同一修士,照我們從可信之人所得知的,極富克己之德,以致在四旬期間不吃任何餅食,惟在第三日飲一滿杯大麥水:願主因眾人的禱告,使他蒙保守直到生命的終了,得以討祂喜悅。第三十五章。
And taking hold of him, he ordered him to be driven with stripes, saying: 'For it behoves you, my son, to grow humbly in the fear and service of God, not to glory in prodigies and miracles.' And shutting him up in a little cell for seven days, he ordered him to fast as one guilty, that he might turn away from him the vain glory, lest it should breed for him any hindrance. But now this same monk, as we have learned from faithful men, is so devoted in such great abstinence that during the days of Lent he takes no food of bread, save only that on the third day he drains a full cup of barley-water: whom may the Lord, at the prayers of those who pray, deign to preserve, that he may please Him, even to the consummation of life. XXXV.
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Defuncto igitur, ut dixinus b, apud i Arvernum Cautino episcopo, plerique intendebant propter episcopatum, offerentes multa, pluriIna 176 promittentes. Nam Eufrasius presbyter, filius quon­ dam senatoris Ennodi •, susceptas a Judaeis species magnas, regi per cognatum suum Beregesilum misit, ut scilicet quod meritis obtinere noa poterat. præ. miis obtineret. Erat quidem elegans in conversatione, sed non erat castus in opere; et plerumque inebria­ bat barbaros, sed raro reficiebat egenos; et, credo, hæc causa obstitit, ut non obtineret, quia non per Deum sed per homines adipisci voluit hos honores. Sed nec illud potuit immutari, quod Dominus per OB sancti Quintiani locutus est d :
於是,當主教考蒂努斯如我們所說在奧弗涅死後,極多人覬覦主教之職,獻上許多,應許更多。因為長老歐弗拉西烏斯——前元老恩諾迪烏斯之子——藉其親屬貝雷吉西爾把從猶太人那裡得來的大批貨物送給王,為要以賄賂得他憑功德所不能得的。他在生活舉止上固然文雅,行為上卻不貞潔;他極常使蠻族醉酒,卻鮮少周濟貧乏;我相信,正是這緣由攔阻了他,使他未能得著,因為他想藉人而非藉神獲取這些尊位。但主藉聖昆提亞努斯之口所說的話,也不能更改:
And so, when Bishop Cautinus had died, as we have said, in the Auvergne, very many were intent upon the episcopate, offering much, promising still more. For Eufrasius the presbyter, son of the former senator Ennodius, sent to the king through his kinsman Beregisil great wares received from the Jews, in order, namely, that what he could not obtain by merits he might obtain by bribes. He was indeed elegant in his manner of life, but he was not chaste in his deeds; and he very often made the barbarians drunk, but rarely refreshed the needy; and, I believe, this cause stood in his way, that he did not obtain it, because he wished to acquire these honours not through God but through men. But neither could that be changed which the Lord spoke through the mouth of the holy Quintianus:
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Quia non surgit de stirpe Hortinzi, qui regat Ecclesiam Dei. Congregatis igitur Avitus archidiaconus clericis in ecclesia Ar­ verna, multa [I. nulla] quidem promisit, sed tamen accepto consensu e ad regem petiit, voluitque ei tunc Firminus, qui in bac civitate comes positus fuerat, impedire : sed ipse non abiit. Amici autem ejus, qui in hac causa directi fuerant, rogabant regem. ut saliem una dominica i praeteriret, ut hic non bene­ diceretur: quod si propalaretur, mille aureos regi darent; sed rex his non annuit.
「因為從霍爾廷西烏斯的後裔中,必不興起一人來治理神的教會。」於是,當執事長阿維圖斯在奧弗涅的教會中召集神職人員時,他固然甚麼也未應許,然而既得了同意,便動身往王那裡去;那被任為這城伯爵的費爾米努斯當時想攔阻他:他自己卻未去。但他的朋友們,就是在這事上被派遣的,不斷請求王至少讓一個主日過去,使這人不得受祝聖:並說若此事洩露,他們必給王一千金幣;但王並不應允他們。
'Because there shall not rise from the stock of Hortinsius one who shall govern the Church of God.' And so, when the archdeacon Avitus had gathered the clergy in the church of the Auvergne, he promised indeed nothing, yet nevertheless, the consent being received, he set out to the king; and Firminus, who had been placed as count in this city, wished then to hinder him: but he himself did not go. But his friends, who had been directed in this matter, kept asking the king that he would at least let one Sunday pass, that this man might not be consecrated: and that if it were divulged, they would give the king a thousand gold pieces; but the king did not assent to them.
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Factun) est ergo ut congregatis in unum civibus Arvernis, beatus Avitus, qui tunc temporis, ut diximus, erat archidiaconus, a clero et populo electus cathedram pontificatus acci­ peret, quem rex in tanto honore dilexit, ut parumper rigorem canonicum praeteriens s, in sua eum præ­ sentia benedici juberet, dicens: Merear de manu ejus eulogia accipere. Haec enim in gratia fecit, ut apud Mettensem urbem benediceretur. Idem accepto episcopatu magnum se hominibus praebuit, justitiam populis tribuens, pauperibus opem, viduis solatium, pupillisque maximum adjumentum. Jam si peregrinus ad eum advenerit, ita diligitur. ut in eodem SA et patrem recognoscat et patriam.
於是事情成了這樣:奧弗涅的市民聚集為一,有福的阿維圖斯——他當時如我們所說是執事長——被神職人員與百姓選立,領受了主教之座;王以如此大的尊榮愛他,以致暫且越過教規的嚴格,下令在自己面前祝聖他,說:「願我配從他手中領受祝福。」因為他這樣施恩,是要他在梅斯城受祝聖。這人領受主教之職後,向眾人顯為偉大,向眾民施行公義,向窮人賜幫助,向寡婦賜安慰,向孤兒賜最大的扶助。實在,若有外人來到他那裡,他便如此受愛,以致在他身上既認出父親,又認出故鄉。
And so it came to pass that, the citizens of the Auvergne being gathered into one, the blessed Avitus, who at that time, as we have said, was archdeacon, being chosen by clergy and people, received the chair of the pontificate; whom the king loved with so great honour that, passing over the canonical rigour for a little while, he ordered him to be consecrated in his own presence, saying: 'May I be worthy to receive a blessing from his hand.' For he did this in grace, that he might be consecrated at the city of Metz. The same man, having received the episcopate, showed himself great to men, dispensing justice to the peoples, help to the poor, comfort to widows, and the greatest assistance to orphans. Indeed, if a stranger came to him, he is so loved that in him he recognizes both a father and a homeland.
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aui cum magnis virtutibus floreat, et omnia quae Deo sunt placita 177 ex toto corde custodiat, iniquam in omnibus exstirpans luxuriam, justam Dei inserit castitatem. * XXXVI. Decedente vero apud Parisios poit sy­ nodum illam, Lquae Saffaracum expulit h Sacerdote Lugdunensi episCopo, sanetus Nicetius ab ipso, sicut in libro Vitae ejus scripsimus *, electus suscepit epi­ scopatum, vir totius sanctitatis egregius, castae con­ versationis. Charitatem vero, quam Apostolus (Rom. XII, 17) cum omnibus, si possibile esset, observare praecepit, hic possibiliter ita in cunctis exercuit, ut in ejus pectore ipse Dominus, qui est vera charitas, cerneretur.
由於他以大的德行興盛,全心持守一切討神喜悅之事,在凡事上剷除邪惡的放縱,他便栽植神的公義貞潔。第三十六章。當在巴黎,那逐出薩法拉庫斯的會議之後,里昂主教薩切爾多斯死了,聖尼凱提烏斯——如我們在其《行傳》一書中所寫的,由他所選立——領受了主教之職,他是一位在全然聖德上卓越、生活舉止貞潔之人。使徒(羅馬書十二章十七節)所吩咐若可能就當與眾人持守的愛,這人在凡事上盡其所能地操練,以致在他胸中可看見那本身就是真愛的主自己。
And since he flourishes with great virtues, and keeps with his whole heart all things that are pleasing to God, rooting out wicked wantonness in all things, he implants the just chastity of God. XXXVI. When, at Paris, after that synod which expelled Saffaracus, Sacerdos, bishop of Lyon, had died, the holy Nicetius, chosen by him, as we have written in the book of his Life, received the episcopate, a man eminent in all sanctity, of chaste manner of life. The charity indeed which the Apostle (Rom. 12:17) commanded to be observed with all men, if it were possible, this man so exercised in all things as far as was possible, that in his breast the Lord Himself, who is true charity, might be discerned.
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Nam etsi commotus contra aliquem pro negligentia fuit, ita protinus emendatum recepit, tanquam si non fuisset offensus. Erat enim castigator delinquentium, pœnitentiumque remissor, eleemo­ synarius atque strenuus in labore : ecclesias erigere, domos componere, serere agros, vineas pastinare di­ ligentissime studebat. Sed non eum hae res ab ora­ tione turbabant. Hie viginti duobus annis sacerdotio ministrato migravit ad Dominum, qui nunc magna miracula ad suum tumulum exorantibus præstat.
因為即使他因人的疏忽而向某人動怒,他也立即接納那悔改之人,彷彿從未被冒犯一般。因為他是過犯者的責罰者,又是悔改者的赦免者,是施捨者,並在勞作上剛健有力:建造教堂、修建房屋、播種田地、栽植葡萄園,他都極其殷勤地致力。但這些事並未攪擾他離開禱告。他供職司鐸二十二年之後,便遷往主那裡,主如今向那些在他墓前禱告的人賜下大的神蹟。
For even if he was moved against anyone on account of negligence, he straightway received the man amended, as though he had not been offended. For he was a chastiser of offenders, and a forgiver of penitents, an almsgiver and vigorous in labour: to raise up churches, to put together houses, to sow fields, to plant vineyards, he most diligently strove. But these things did not disturb him from prayer. After ministering the priesthood for twenty-two years, he migrated to the Lord, who now grants great miracles to those who pray at his tomb.
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Nam de oleo cicindeli, qui ad ipsum sepulcrum quotidie aecenditur, caecorum oculis lumen reddidit, dæmo­ nes de obsessis corporibus fugat, contractis membris restituit sanitatem, et omnibus infirmis magnum in hoc tempore habetur præsidium. Igitur Priscus epi. scopus, qui ei successerat, cum conjuge sua Susanna cœpit persequi ac interficere multos de his, quos vir Dei familiares habuerat, non culpa aliqua victos, non in crimina comprobatos, non furto deprehensos, lautum inflammante malitia invidus, cur ei fideles fuissent.
因為從那每日在他墳墓前點燃的燈油中,他使盲人的眼睛重得光明,他從被附身的軀體中驅逐魔鬼,使攣縮的肢體恢復健康,並且在這個時代被視為一切病患的偉大護佑。如今繼承他職位的主教普里斯庫斯,連同他的妻子蘇珊娜,開始迫害並殺害許多神人曾視為親信的人;這些人並未被定有任何過錯,未被證實犯下任何罪行,也未被當場捉到偷竊;只因他們曾忠於他,嫉妒便煽動了他的惡意。
For from the oil of the lamp that is daily kindled at his very tomb, he has restored light to the eyes of the blind; he drives demons from possessed bodies, gives back health to crippled limbs, and is held in this present age to be a great protection for all the sick. Now Priscus, the bishop who had succeeded him, together with his wife Susanna, began to persecute and to put to death many of those whom the man of God had counted among his intimates, though they were convicted of no fault, proved guilty of no crime, and caught in no theft; envy inflaming his malice, simply because they had been faithful to him.
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Declamabat multa blasphemia ipse cum conjuge de sancto Dei, et cum diu multoquc tempore observatum fuisset ab anterioribus pontificibus, ut i milier domum non ingrederetur ecclesiae, haec cum puelli etiam in cellula, in qua viri beati quieverant, introibat. Sed pro his commota tandem divina ma­ jestes ulta est in familia Prisci episcopi. Nam conjux ejus daemone arrepta, dimissis crinibus per totam urbem insana velabatur, et sanctum 178 Dei, quem sana negaverat, amicum Christi confessa, ut sibi parceret declamabat. Episcopus ille a typo quar­ tansc correptus tremorem incurrit. Nam cum typus ille recessisset, hic semper tremens habebatur ac stupidus.
他本人連同妻子,對神的聖者口出許多褻瀆之言;雖然前任的眾主教長久以來、歷經多代都遵守一條規矩:不許任何婦女進入教會的居所,她卻甚至帶著婢女進入那位有福之人曾安息的小室。但因這些事,神聖的威嚴終於被激動,向普里斯庫斯主教的家族施行報復。因為他的妻子被魔鬼附身,披頭散髮、瘋癲地被驅趕著走遍全城;她承認神的聖者——就是她健康時曾否認的那一位——乃是基督的朋友,並哀求他饒恕她。那主教則被一種四日熱所擊倒,陷入顫抖;因為當那熱病退去後,他自此始終戰慄且呆滯。
He himself, along with his wife, uttered many blasphemies against the holy one of God; and although it had long been observed for many ages by the earlier bishops that no woman should enter the house of the church, she would go in even with her maidservants into the very cell in which the blessed man had reposed. But on account of these things the divine Majesty, being at length stirred, took vengeance upon the household of Bishop Priscus. For his wife, seized by a demon, was driven raving with loosened hair through the whole city, and confessing the holy one of God, whom in her health she had denied, to be the friend of Christ, she cried out that he should spare her. That bishop, struck down by the form of a quartan fever, fell into a trembling; for when that fever withdrew, he was ever after held to be trembling and dazed.
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Filius quoque, oinnisque familia decolor esse videbatur ac stupida : ut nulli sit dubium, eos a sancti viri virtute percussos. Semper enim Prisus episcopus. ejusque familia contra sanctum Dei ne- lariis vocibus oblatrabant, ipsumque sibi amicum esse dicentes, quicunque de eo improperia evomuis­ set. Jusserat enim in primordio episccpatus sui sedi­ ficium domus ecclesiasticae exaltari; et diaconus quem saepe propter facinus adulterii sancius Dei, i dum esset in corpore, non solum a communione re­ moverat, sed etiam sæpius caedi præceperat, et nuo­ quam ei ad emendationem ducere potuit, hic ascen­ dens super tectum domus illius, cum detegere coe­ pisset, ait :
他的兒子,以及全家,看起來都面無血色、神情呆滯,以致無人能懷疑他們是被那聖人的能力所擊打。因為普里斯庫斯主教和他的家人不斷以邪惡的話咒罵神的聖者,並聲稱凡是吐出辱罵聖者之言的人,就是他們的朋友。原來在他就任主教之初,他曾下令把教會房屋的建築加高;有一個執事,神的聖者在世時,曾因他犯姦淫之罪,不僅多次革除他的領聖體之權,還屢次下令鞭打他,卻始終無法使他改過;這執事爬上那房屋的屋頂,開始拆除屋瓦時說道:
His son too, and the whole household, appeared discolored and stupefied, so that no one could doubt that they had been smitten by the power of the holy man. For Bishop Priscus and his household were ever barking against the holy one of God with wicked words, declaring that man to be their friend, whoever had vomited out insults against him. For at the beginning of his episcopate he had ordered the building of the church-house to be raised up; and a deacon, whom the holy one of God, while he was yet in the body, had often not only removed from communion but had also frequently ordered to be flogged on account of the crime of adultery, and whom he had never been able to bring to amendment, climbed up onto the roof of that house, and when he had begun to uncover it, he said:
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Gratias tibi ago, Jesu Christe, quod post mortem iniquissimi Niceti super hunc tectum calcare promerui. Adhuc verba in ore pendebant, et statu subductus a pedibus ejus robur in quo stabat, ceci­ dit ad terram, crepuitque et mortuus es'. Cum autem episcopus vel conjux ejus multa contra rationem agerent, apparuit cuidam sanctus per somnium, di­ cens : Vade, et dic Prisco ut emendetur ab operibus malis, et fiant opera ejus bona. Martino quoque presbytero dices : Quia consentis bis operibus. casti- gandus eris; et si emendare perversitatem tuam no­ ueris, morieris. At ille evigilans, locutus est diacono cuidam, dicens :
「主耶穌基督,我感謝祢,因為在那最邪惡的尼凱提烏斯死後,我配得踐踏這屋頂。」話還掛在他口中,他的雙腳便被抽離,他所站立的木料塌陷,墜落於地,他重重摔下,死了。但當主教和他的妻子做許多違背理性的事時,那聖者在夢中向某人顯現,說:「去吧,告訴普里斯庫斯,要從他的惡行中悔改,使他的行為變為善。你也要對司鐸馬丁說:因為你同意這些行為,你必受懲罰;若你不肯改正你的乖謬,你必死。」那人醒來後,對某執事說道:
"I give you thanks, Jesus Christ, that after the death of the most wicked Nicetius I have been found worthy to tread upon this roof." The words were still hanging in his mouth when, his feet being snatched from under him, the timber on which he stood gave way, fell to the ground, and he crashed down and died. But when the bishop and his wife were doing many things contrary to reason, the holy one appeared to a certain man in a dream, saying: "Go, and tell Priscus to amend himself from his evil works, and let his works become good. To Martin the priest also you shall say: Because you consent to these works, you shall be chastised; and if you will not amend your perversity, you shall die." And he, waking up, spoke to a certain deacon, saying:
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Vade, quaeso, eo quod sis amicus in domo episcopi, et haec loquere sive episcopo, sive Martino presbytero. Promisit se diaconus elocuturum, sed retractatus noluit ea fari. Nocte autem cum se sopori dedisset, apparuit ei sanctus, dicens : Cur non dixisti quae tibi abbas locutus est; et clausis pugnis coepit guttur ejus caedere. Mane autem facto, inOatis faucibus cum magno dolore, accessit ad viros, et omnia quae audierat intimavit. At illi parvipendentes ea quae audierant, phantasiam somniorum esse dixe­ runt. Martinus vero presbyter statim in febre et aegrotans convaluit;
「我求你,既然你是主教家中的朋友,請去把這些話對主教或司鐸馬丁說。」執事答應會去說;但他重新考慮後,卻不願說出來。然而在夜間,當他入睡時,那聖者向他顯現,說:「你為何沒有說出院長對你說的話?」並握緊拳頭開始捶打他的喉嚨。到了早晨,他咽喉腫脹、劇痛難忍,便去見那些人,把他所聽見的一切都告知他們。但他們輕看所聽見的,說那不過是夢中的幻象。然而司鐸馬丁隨即患了熱病,後又痊癒;
"Go, I beg you, since you are a friend in the bishop's house, and speak these things either to the bishop or to Martin the priest." The deacon promised that he would speak; but having thought better of it, he was unwilling to utter them. But in the night, when he had given himself to sleep, the holy one appeared to him, saying: "Why did you not tell what the abbot said to you?" and with closed fists he began to strike his throat. When morning came, with his throat swollen and in great pain, he went to the men and made known to them all that he had heard. But they, making little of what they had heard, said it was the fantasy of dreams. Martin the priest, however, at once falling sick of a fever, recovered;
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secum 179 semper b adora­ tono episcopo loqueretur, et consentiret et in maiis actibus ac blasphemiis quae in sanctum evomebant, iterum in febre redactus spiritum exhalavit. ¥ XXXVII. Sanctus vero Friardus boc nihilominus tempore, quo sanctus Nicetius obiit plenus dierum, sanctitate egregius, actione sublimis, vita nobilis; de cujus miraculis quædam in libro, quem de Vita ejus scripsimus c memoravimus. In cujus transitu adveniente Felice episcopo, cellula tota contremuit, unde non ambigo aliquid ibidem fuisse angelicum, quod sic locus ille ipso transeunte tremucrit, quem episcopus abluens, atque dignis vestimentis invol­ vens, sepulturæ mandavit. XXXVIII Al. xxxII].
然而因為他總是與他所敬重的主教交談,並同意他們向聖者吐出的惡行與褻瀆之言,他又被熱病擊倒,吐出了氣息(死了)。第三十七章。聖弗里亞爾杜斯同樣在這同一時期——就是聖尼凱提烏斯壽高而終之時——是一位以聖德著稱、行事崇高、生活高貴的人;關於他的奇蹟,我們在所撰寫的《他的生平》一書中記載了若干事。在他離世時,當主教斐理斯抵達,整個小室都震動了,由此我毫不懷疑那裡有某種天使的臨在,因為那地方在他離世時竟如此震顫;主教為他洗淨,以體面的衣服包裹,將他交付安葬。第三十八章。
yet because he always conversed with the bishop, whom he venerated, and consented to the evil deeds and blasphemies which they spewed out against the holy one, he was again brought down by a fever and breathed out his spirit. XXXVII. The holy Friardus likewise, in this same period, at the time when holy Nicetius died full of days, was a man eminent in sanctity, exalted in action, noble in life; concerning whose miracles we have recorded certain things in the book which we wrote about his Life. At his passing, when Bishop Felix arrived, the whole cell trembled, whence I do not doubt that something angelic was there present, since that place so quaked at his passing; and the bishop, washing him and wrapping him in worthy garments, committed him to burial. XXXVIII.
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Ergo, ut ad hstoriam re- curramus d, mortuo apud Hispaniam Athanagildo rege, Leuva cum Leuvieldo fratre regnum accepit. Defuncto igitur Leuvane, Leuvieldus frater ejus tu­ tum regnum occupavit. Qui uxore mortua, Gunth­ suentbam * reginae Brunichildis matrem accepit , duos filios de prima uxore habens, quorum b unus Sigiberli, alius Chilperici filiam desponsavit. lle quoque inter eos regnum aequaliter divisit, inter (i- ciens omnes illos qui reges interimere consueverant, non relinquens ex eis mingentem ad parietem. XXXIX [Al. xxxIII].
如今,讓我們回到歷史。當西班牙的阿塔納吉爾德王死後,柳瓦與他的兄弟柳維吉爾德一同承受王國。於是柳瓦死後,他的兄弟柳維吉爾德安然占據了整個王國。他的妻子死後,他娶了戈伊斯文塔——即布倫希爾德王后之母——為妻;他由前妻所生有兩個兒子,其中一個與西吉貝爾特之女訂婚,另一個與希爾佩里克之女訂婚。他又把王國在他們之間平分,並殺盡了一切慣於弒君的人,凡屬他們的,連一個靠牆撒尿的男丁也不留下。第三十九章。
Therefore, to return to our history, after King Athanagild had died in Spain, Leuva received the kingdom together with his brother Leuvigild. So when Leuva had died, his brother Leuvigild took possession of the whole kingdom in safety. He, his wife having died, took to wife Goiswintha, the mother of Queen Brunhild, having two sons by his first wife, of whom one was betrothed to the daughter of Sigibert, the other to the daughter of Chilperic. He also divided the kingdom equally between them, killing off all those who had been accustomed to slay kings, leaving none of them that pisseth against a wall. XXXIX.
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Defuncto a igitur apud urbem Constantinopolitanam Justiniano imperatore, Justi­ nus ambivit imperium, vir niniiac avaritiae deditus, contemptor pauperum , senatorum exspoliator : cui tanta fuit cupiditas, ut arcas juberet fieri ferreas, in quas nomismatis aurei talenta A congereret; quem etiam ferunt in hæresim Pelagianam dilapsum. Nam non post multam tempus exsensus e effectus, Tibe­ rium Caesarem sibi ascivit ad defensandas 180 pro. vincias suas, hominem justum, eleemosynarium, aequum, discernentem , obtinentemque victorias : et, quod omnibus supereminet bonis, etiam verissimum Christianum.
於是,當皇帝查士丁尼在君士坦丁堡城死後,查士丁伸手攫取帝位;他是一個沉溺於極度貪婪的人,輕視窮人,掠奪元老;他的貪欲如此之大,竟下令打造鐵櫃,將一塔蘭同一塔蘭同的金幣堆積其中;人們也說他陷入了白拉奇異端。因為不久之後,他變得神智不清,便立提庇留·凱撒為輔,來保衛他的各行省——這是一位公義、樂善好施、公平、明辨、且常得勝利的人;而且,超乎一切美德之上,他也是一位最真誠的基督徒。
So when the Emperor Justinian had died at the city of Constantinople, Justin reached out for the empire, a man given over to excessive avarice, a despiser of the poor, a despoiler of senators; whose greed was so great that he ordered iron chests to be made, into which he heaped up talents of gold coin; they say too that he slipped into the Pelagian heresy. For not long afterward, becoming senseless, he took Tiberius Caesar to himself to defend his provinces, a just man, charitable, fair, discerning, and victorious; and, what surpasses all good qualities, also a most true Christian.
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Denique Sigibertus rex legatos ad Ju­ stinum E imperatorem misit, pacem petens, id est Uvarinerium Francum, et Firminum Arvernum. Qui ductus primorum temporum reliquiæ supersunt. In­ scriptionem vero Luc integram proferimus : 1 euntes evectu navali, Constantinopolitanam sunt ur­ bem ingressi, locutique cum imperatore, quae pete­ runt obtinuerunt. Ad sequentem tamen annum « in Galliam sunt regressi. Posthæc autem Antiochia aEgypti, et Appamia Syriae, maximæ civitates, a Per­ sis captae sunt, et populus captivus abductus. Basi­ lica tunc sancti Juliani Antiochensis martyris gravi incendio concremata esi.
最後,西吉貝爾特王派遣使節到皇帝查士丁那裡求和,就是法蘭克人瓦爾內里烏斯和奧弗涅人菲爾米努斯。他們乘船而行,進入君士坦丁堡城,與皇帝會談後,獲得了他們所求之事。然而在次年,他們返回高盧。此後,埃及的安提阿和敘利亞的阿帕米亞——兩座極大的城市——被波斯人攻陷,百姓被擄去。那時安提阿的殉道者聖儒利安的大殿被一場猛烈的火災焚毀。
Finally King Sigibert sent envoys to the Emperor Justin, seeking peace, namely Warnerius the Frank and Firminus of Auvergne. They, going by ship, entered the city of Constantinople, and having spoken with the emperor, obtained what they sought. In the following year, however, they returned to Gaul. After this, Antioch of Egypt and Apamea of Syria, very great cities, were captured by the Persians, and the people led away captive. Then the basilica of the holy Julian, the martyr of Antioch, was consumed by a grievous fire.
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Ad Justinum autem h inperatorem Persae-Armeni cum magno serici intexti pondere venerunt, petentes amicitias ejus, atque narrantes se imperatori Persarum esse infensos. Vc­ nerant enim ad eos legati ejus, dicentes : Sollicitudo imperialis sciscitatur, si foedus initum cum eo custo­ diatis intactum. Respondentibus illis , omnia ab his pollicita illibata servari, dixerunt legati: In hoc ap­ parebit vos ejus amicitias custodire, si ignem, ut ille veneratur, et vos veneremini. Respondente populo nequaquam se haec facturum, ait episcopus qui co­ ram erat: Quae est in igne deitas, ut venerari queat ?
波斯的亞美尼亞人帶著大量織成的絲綢來到皇帝查士丁那裡,尋求他的友誼,並述說他們與波斯皇帝為敵。原來波斯皇帝的使者曾到他們那裡,說:「皇室關切地查問:你們是否完整無損地遵守與他所立的盟約。」當他們回答說,凡他們所應許的一切都被毫無破損地保守時,使者們說:「這事將顯明你們是否保守他的友誼:就是你們若也像他敬奉火那樣敬奉火。」當百姓回答說他們絕不會這樣行時,在場的主教說:「火中有什麼神性,竟值得敬奉呢?
To the Emperor Justin there came the Persian Armenians with a great quantity of woven silk, seeking his friendship, and relating that they were hostile to the emperor of the Persians. For his envoys had come to them, saying: "The imperial concern inquires whether you keep inviolate the treaty entered into with him." When they answered that all the things promised by them were preserved unbroken, the envoys said: "In this it will appear that you keep his friendship, if you also venerate fire, as he venerates it." When the people answered that they would by no means do this, the bishop who was present said: "What deity is there in fire, that it should be able to be venerated?
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quem Deus ad usus bominum procreavit, qui fomen­ tis accenditur, aqua restinguitur, adhibitus urit, ne­ glectus i tepescit. Haec et his similia episcopo pro­ sequente, legati furore succensi, actum conviciis fu­ stibus caedunt. Cernens autem populus sacerdotem suum sanguine cruentatum, super legatos irruunt, manus injiciunt, interimuntque : et, sicut diximns, hujus imperatoris amicitias petierunt. XL [A/. XXXIV]. Palladius aurem Brittiani I 181 quondam comitis ac Caesariae Alius, comitatum in urbe Gaballilana k, Sigiberto rege impertiente, pro. meruit, sed orta intentio 1 inter ipsum et Parthe­ nium episcopum, valde populum collidebat.
這是神為人類的用途所造的東西,由火種點燃,被水澆滅,用之則焚燒,棄之則變冷?」當主教繼續陳述這些及類似的論點時,使者們勃然大怒,在辱罵聲中用棍棒毆打這人。但百姓見自己的司鐸滿身是血,便衝向使者們,下手抓住他們,把他們殺了;正如我們所說,他們便尋求這位皇帝(查士丁)的友誼。第四十章。如今帕拉迪烏斯——曾任伯爵的布里提阿努斯與凱撒里亞之子——由西吉貝爾特王賜予,在加巴利塔城(即Javols)取得了伯爵之職;但他與主教帕爾特尼烏斯之間興起了一場爭執,使百姓嚴重對立。
a thing which God created for the uses of men, which is kindled by tinder, quenched by water, when applied burns, when neglected grows tepid?" As the bishop pursued these and similar arguments, the envoys, kindled with rage, beat the man with sticks amid insults. But the people, seeing their priest stained with blood, rushed upon the envoys, laid hands on them, and killed them; and, as we have said, they sought the friendship of this emperor. XL. Now Palladius, son of Britianus, once a count, and of Caesaria, obtained the countship in the city of Javols, King Sigibert granting it; but a dispute arose between him and Bishop Parthenius which greatly set the people at odds.
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Nam pIe­ rumque conviciis, ac diversis opprobriis, ac crimi­ C nibus obruebat episcopum, pervadens res ecclesiae, spoliansque homines ejus. Unde factum est ut, hac intentione crescente, cum ad praesentiam jam dict: principis properassent, et diversa sibi invicem ob­ jectarent, mollem episcopum, effeminatum Palladius vocitaret: Ubi sunt mariti tui, cum quibus stuprose ac turpiter vivis? Sed haec in sacerdetem verba pro- lata, divina confestim ultio subsequens abolevit.
因為他一再以辱罵、各樣的責難和指控壓制主教,侵吞教會的財產,掠奪教會的人。於是事情演變成這樣:當這爭執愈演愈烈,他們匆匆趕到前述君王面前,彼此互相指控時,帕拉迪烏斯一再稱主教柔弱、像女人:「你那些丈夫在哪裡?就是你與他們淫亂、可恥地同居的那些人?」但這些針對司鐸所說的話,神的報應隨即跟來,將其抹除。
For he very often overwhelmed the bishop with insults, with various reproaches and accusations, invading the property of the church and despoiling its men. Hence it came about that, this dispute growing, when they had hastened to the presence of the aforesaid prince and were hurling various charges at one another, Palladius repeatedly called the bishop soft and effeminate: "Where are your husbands, with whom you live in lewdness and shame?" But these words uttered against the priest the divine vengeance, immediately following, blotted out.
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Nani anno sequenti semotus a comitatu Palladius Arver­ num regressus est ;Romanus vero comitatum amLi- viL Factum est autem, ut quadam die in urbc Ar­ verna uterque conjungeretur, et altercantibus inter se pro hac actione comitatus, audivit Palladius se a Sigiberto rege debere interfici : sed falsa haec et maximę a Romano emissa deprehensa sunt. Tunc ille timore perterritus, ita in augustiam gravem re­ dactus est, ut minaretur se propria dextera perimere;
因為在次年,帕拉迪烏斯被免去伯爵之職,返回奧弗涅;而羅曼努斯則取得了伯爵之職。一日,事情演變成這樣:在奧弗涅城裡,兩人被聚到一處,當他們為這伯爵之職的事彼此爭吵時,帕拉迪烏斯聽說他將被西吉貝爾特王處死;但這些話被查出是虛假的,且主要是羅曼努斯散布的。於是他驚恐萬狀,陷入如此沉重的苦惱,竟揚言要用自己的右手了結自己;
For in the following year, Palladius, removed from the countship, returned to Auvergne; while Romanus obtained the countship. Now it happened that one day in the city of Auvergne both were brought together, and as they wrangled with one another over this matter of the countship, Palladius heard that he was to be killed by King Sigibert; but these things were found to be false and chiefly put about by Romanus. Then he, terrified with fear, was so reduced to grievous anguish that he threatened to slay himself with his own right hand;
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cumquc a matre vel a cognato suo Firmino intente attenderetur, ne perficeret quod mente amara con- ceperat, per intervalla horarum elapsus a matris aspectu, ingressusque cubiculum accepto salio so- litudinis, evaginato gladio, cornuaque ensis pedibus calcans, acumen ad pectus erexit, impressusque de­ super, gladius ab una ingressus mamilla in spatulam dorsi regressus est: crectusquc iterum, similiter al­ tera mamilla perfossus cecidit, et mortuus est: quod non sine diaboli opere perfectum scelus mirati su­ mus. Nam prima 182 eum plaga interficere potuit, si non diabolus sustentaculum praebuisset, quo haec nefanda peragerel.
雖然他被母親和親屬菲爾米努斯密切看守,免得他實行心中那苦毒的念頭,他卻在母親不注意時趁隙溜走,進入臥室;他趁著獨處之機,拔出劍來,把劍格踩在腳下,將劍尖對準自己的胸膛,往下用力一壓,劍從一邊乳頭刺入,從背後的肩胛骨穿出;他再次起身,又同樣穿透另一邊乳頭,便倒地死了:這是一樁罪行,我們驚異它的成就並非沒有魔鬼的作為。因為第一擊本可置他於死地,若不是魔鬼提供了支撐,使他得以完成這些可憎的行為。
and though he was being intently watched by his mother and by his kinsman Firminus, lest he carry out what he had conceived in his bitter mind, slipping away at intervals from his mother's sight, he entered his bedchamber; and taking advantage of the solitude, with sword drawn and treading the cross-guards of the blade beneath his feet, he set the point against his breast, and pressing down upon it, the sword, entering by one nipple, came out at the shoulder-blade of his back; and rising up again, pierced likewise through the other nipple, he fell and died: a crime which we marveled was accomplished not without the working of the devil. For the first blow could have killed him, had not the devil furnished support by which he might carry through these abominable deeds.
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Currit ma ter exanimis, et supra filii corpusculum orbata collabitur, atque omnis familia voces planctus emitti. Verumtamen ad monasteriuM Chrononensem a delatussepulluræ mandatur. sed non juxta Christianorum cadavera positus, sed nec Mis­ sarum solemnia meruit b. Quod non ob aliam causam hist ob injuriam episcopi, hæc ei evenisse probatur. XLI [Al. XXXV]. Alboinus vero Langobardorum I reI, qui Chlothosindam regis Chtothacharii filiam habebat, relicta regione sua, Italiam cum omni illa Langobardorum c gente petiit. Nam commoto exer­ citu, cum uxoribus et liberis abiere, illuc comma- nere deliberantes.
他的母親半死不活地跑來,喪子之痛使她伏倒在兒子那小小的屍身上,全家發出哀哭之聲。然而,他被運到庫爾儂修道院,交付安葬;但他並未被葬在基督徒的遺體之間,也不配享有彌撒的隆重禮儀。事情證明,這臨到他身上,無非是因他對主教所行的傷害。第四十一章。如今倫巴底人之王阿爾博因——他娶了克洛塔爾王之女克洛特辛達為妻——離開自己的地方,率領倫巴底全族前往義大利。因為他發動了軍隊,連同妻子兒女一同離去,決意要在那裡定居。
His mother runs up half-dead, and bereaved she collapses over the little corpse of her son, and the whole household sends up cries of lamentation. Nevertheless, carried to the monastery of Cournon, he is committed to burial; but he was not laid among the bodies of Christians, nor did he merit the solemnities of the Masses. That this befell him for no other cause than for the injury done to the bishop is proven. XLI. Now Alboin, king of the Lombards, who had to wife Chlothsinda, daughter of King Chlothar, leaving his own region, made for Italy with that whole nation of the Lombards. For having set the army in motion, with their wives and children they departed, resolving to dwell there.
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Quam regionem ingressi, maxime per septem annos pervagantes, spoliatis ecclesiis, sacerdotibus interfectis, in suam redigunt potesta- tem. Mortua autem Chlothosinda uxore Alboini, aliam duxit conjugem, cujus patrem ante paucum tem­ pus interfecerat. Qua de causa mulier in odio sem­ per virum habens, locum opperiebatur, in quo pos- set injurias patris ulcisci. Unde factum est, ut unum ex famulis concupiscens, virum veneno necaret 4 : quo defuncto, cum famulo abiiL'; sed apprehensi, pa­ riter interiecti sunt. Langobardi deinceps alium su­ per se regem statuunt. XLII [AI. XXXVI]. Eunius quoque, cognomento Mummolus , a |rege Guntehramno patriciatum pro­ meruit:
他們進入那地,特別是有七年之久四處流竄,洗劫教會、殺害司鐸,將那地降服於自己的權勢之下。如今阿爾博因的妻子克洛特辛達死後,他另娶了一個女子為妻——他不久前殺了這女子的父親。因此緣故,這女子始終懷恨丈夫,伺機要為父親所受的冤屈報仇。於是事情演變成這樣:她對一個僕人動了情,便用毒藥殺了丈夫;丈夫死後,她與那僕人一同逃走;但他們被捉住,一同被處死。此後倫巴底人另立一王統治自己。第四十二章。又有歐尼烏斯——別號蒙莫盧斯——從貢特拉姆王那裡取得了大公之位;
Having entered that region, ranging far and wide especially for seven years, with churches plundered and priests slain, they reduce it under their own power. Now Chlothsinda, Alboin's wife, having died, he took another woman to wife, whose father he had killed a short time before. For which reason the woman, ever holding her husband in hatred, watched for an occasion in which she might avenge her father's wrongs. Hence it came about that, conceiving a passion for one of the servants, she killed her husband by poison; and when he was dead, she went off with the servant; but being caught, they were put to death together. The Lombards thereafter set another king over themselves. XLII. Eunius too, surnamed Mummolus, obtained the patriciate from King Guntram;
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de cujus militiae origine, altius quaedam re- petenda putavi. Hic etenim Peonio. patre ortus. Antissiodorensis urbis incola fuit. Pocius vero hujus municipii comitatum regebat. Cumque ad renovandam actionem f, muuera regi per filium 183 transmisit, ille datis rebus paternis, corni- tatum patris ambivit, supplantavitque genitorem, uemsublevare debuerat. Ex hoc vero gradatim proficiens, ad majus culmen evectus est. Igitur pro. rumpentibus Langobardis in Gallias, Amatus patri­ cius, qui nuper Celsi successor exstiterat, contra eos abiit, commissoque bello terga vertit, ceciditque I ibi. Tantamque tunc stragcm Langobardi feruntur fo.
關於他軍旅生涯的起源,我認為有些事應當從更早追溯起。原來這人是其父珀奧尼烏斯所生,是奧塞爾城的居民。他的父親治理那市鎮的伯爵之職。當他為了續任,藉著兒子向王獻上禮物時,這兒子卻交出了父親的財物,為自己謀求父親的伯爵之職,竟取代了那本該被他扶持的生父。從此,他步步高升,被抬升到更高的地位。於是當倫巴底人闖入高盧時,新近繼承凱爾蘇斯之位的大公阿馬圖斯出兵迎敵,交戰時卻轉身敗逃,並陣亡於那裡。據說倫巴底人那時造成了極大的殺戮,
concerning the origin of whose military career I have thought certain things ought to be traced from further back. For this man, born of his father Peonius, was an inhabitant of the city of Auxerre. Now his father governed the countship of that municipality. And when, to renew his term of office, he sent gifts to the king through his son, the son, having given over his father's goods, sought the father's countship for himself, and supplanted his begetter, whom he ought to have raised up. From this point, advancing step by step, he was carried up to a greater height. So when the Lombards burst into Gaul, the patrician Amatus, who had lately become the successor of Celsus, went out against them, and joining battle he turned his back and fell there. And the Lombards are said to have made such great slaughter then
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cissc de Burgundionibus, ut non possit colligi nume­ rus occisorum : oneratique præda discesserunt ite­ rum in Italiam. Quibus discedentibus, Eunius, qui et Mummolus, arcessitus a rege, patriciatus culmen meruit., Irruentibus iterum Langobardis lin Gallias, et usque Mustias-Calmes h accedentibus, quod adjacet civitati Ebredonensi, Mummolus exercitum movet, et cum Burgundionibus illuc proficiscitur. Circumda- tisque Langobardis cum exercitu, factis etiam conci­ dibus, per devia silvarum irruit super eos : multos interfecit, nonnullos cepit, et regi direxit. Quos ille per loca dispersos custodire præcepit, paucis quo- dammodo per fugam elapsis, qui patriæ nuntiarent . XLIII [Al. XXXVII].
以致被殺的勃艮第人之數無法計算;他們滿載戰利品,又一次撤回義大利。這些人撤離後,被王召喚的歐尼烏斯——又名蒙莫盧斯——贏得了大公的高位。當倫巴底人再次衝入高盧,推進到位於昂布蘭城附近的Mustias-Calmes時,蒙莫盧斯發動軍隊,率領勃艮第人前往那裡。他以軍隊包圍倫巴底人,又設下障礙,從林間小徑突襲他們:殺了許多人,俘虜了一些人,並把他們送交王。王下令把這些俘虜分散在各處看守,只有少數人設法逃脫,得以向他們的故土報信。第四十三章。
of the Burgundians, that the number of the slain could not be reckoned; and laden with booty they departed again into Italy. When these had departed, Eunius, who was also called Mummolus, summoned by the king, won the height of the patriciate. When the Lombards again rushed into Gaul and advanced as far as Mustias-Calmes, which lies near the city of Embrun, Mummolus set his army in motion and proceeded thither with the Burgundians. And having surrounded the Lombards with his army, and made also barricades, he burst upon them through the byways of the forests: he killed many, took some captive, and sent them to the king. These the king ordered to be kept guarded, scattered through various places, only a few somehow escaping by flight, who might report the news to their homeland. XLIII.
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Fueruntque in hoc praelio Salo­ nius i et Sagittarius fraLres atque episcopi, qui non cruce coelesti muniti, sed galea aut lorica saeculari armati, multos manibus propriis, quod pejus est, interiecisse referuntur. naec prima Mummoli in cer­ tamine victoria fuit. Posthaec Saxones, qui cum Lan. gobardis in Italiam venerant, iterum prorumpunt in Gallias, et infra territorium Regense, id est apud Stablonem i villam castra ponunt, discurrentes per villas urbium vicinarum, diripientes prædas, capti­ vos abducentes, vel etiam cuncta Nastantes.
在這場戰役中有薩洛尼烏斯和薩吉塔里烏斯兄弟二人,他們是主教,卻不以屬天的十字架武裝自己,反而披掛世俗的頭盔與胸甲,據報他們親手殺了許多人,這更為惡劣。這是蒙莫盧斯在戰鬥中的首次勝利。此後,那些隨倫巴底人進入義大利的撒克遜人,再次衝入高盧,在里耶茲境內、即在斯圖布隆莊園紮營,流竄於鄰近城市的莊園,搶奪劫掠,擄走俘虜,甚至蹂躪一切。
And in this battle there were Salonius and Sagittarius, brothers and bishops, who, not fortified with the heavenly cross but armed with worldly helmet and breastplate, are reported to have slain many with their own hands, which is worse. This was Mummolus' first victory in combat. After this the Saxons, who had come with the Lombards into Italy, again burst into Gaul, and within the territory of Riez, that is at the villa of Estoublon, they pitched camp, ranging through the villas of the neighboring cities, snatching plunder, leading off captives, and even laying waste everything.
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