📜 Verbum · 聖言
原文誦讀聖經與教父文獻

← 回書卷目次 · 拉丁教父 › 會規

亞歷山卓的馬卡里烏斯

會規 第 1 章

拉丁文原文.16 節.部分字詞可點開查義

1:1
I. Milites ergo Christi sic taliter suos debent componere gressus, charitatem in se perfectissimam continentes, "Deum ex tota anima diligere, et ex toto corde, et ex tota virtute sua." [Marc. xii,30] II. Invicem inter se perfectissimam sectantes obedientiam, pacifici, mites, moderati, non superbi, non injuriosi, non susurrones, non irrisores, non verbosi, non praesumptuosi, non sibi placentes, sed Deo cui militant Christo: non blasphemiam sectantes, nec dicentes quidquam praeter quod bonum est: ad obsequium non pigri, ad orationem parati, in humilitate perfecti, in obedientia praecincti, in vigiliis instantes, in jejunio hilares. III. Nullus se alio justiorem arbitretur;
一、所以基督的精兵應當如此安排他們的腳步,在自己裡面持守那最完全的愛德,就是「全心、全魂、全力愛神」。〔可十二30〕二、彼此追求那最完全的順服:和平、溫柔、有節制,不驕傲,不傷人,不背後讒言,不譏誚人,不多言,不擅斷,不取悅自己,乃取悅他們所事奉的神,就是基督;不追求褻瀆的話,除了美善的話以外,不說別的;不懶於服事,預備好禱告,在謙卑上完全,以順服束腰,恆切於儆醒守夜,在禁食中歡然。三、無人可自以為比別人更公義;
I. Therefore the soldiers of Christ ought thus to order their steps, keeping within themselves the most perfect charity, "to love God with their whole soul, and with their whole heart, and with their whole strength." [Mark 12:30] II. Pursuing among themselves a most perfect mutual obedience: peaceful, gentle, moderate, not proud, not injurious, not whisperers, not mockers, not given to many words, not presumptuous, not pleasing themselves, but pleasing God whom they serve, Christ; not pursuing blasphemy, nor saying anything except what is good; not slothful for service, ready for prayer, perfect in humility, girded with obedience, persevering in vigils, cheerful in fasting. III. Let no one judge himself more righteous than another;
1:2
sed unusquisque omnibus se inferiorem contemnat: "Quia se exaltat, humiliabitur; et qui se humiliat, exaltabitur." [Luc. xiv,11] IV. Praeceptum senioris ut salutem suscipias: non murmurando ullam operam facias: non responsionem contra praeceptum usurpes. V. Non te extollas, aut magnifices aliquam utilem operam fecisse: non in acquirendo aliquid lucri congaudeas, aut in damno contristeris. VI. Non te familiaritas ulla saecularis trahat; sed tota delectatio tua in cellula demoretur. Cellam ut paradisum habeas; fratres tuos spirituales ut aeternos confidas habere parentes. VII. Praepositum monasterii timeas ut dominum, diligas ut parentem.
乃要各人看自己比眾人都低微:「因為凡自高的,必降為卑;凡自卑的,必升為高。」〔路十四11〕四、長者的吩咐,你要當作你的救恩來領受:不可帶著怨言作工;不可擅自頂撞吩咐而回嘴。五、不可自高,或誇耀曾作了甚麼有用之工;不可因得了甚麼利益而一同歡喜,也不可因虧損而憂愁。六、不可讓任何屬世的親狎把你拉走;乃要使你一切的喜樂都安住在你的小室中。要視你的居室如同樂園;要篤信你有你屬靈的弟兄作永遠的親人。七、要敬畏修道院的院長如同主人,愛他如同父母。
but let each one consider himself lower than all: "For whoever exalts himself shall be humbled, and whoever humbles himself shall be exalted." [Luke 14:11] IV. The command of an elder you are to receive as your salvation: do no work murmuringly; do not usurp any answering-back against a command. V. Do not exalt yourself or boast of having done some useful work; do not rejoice together in gaining any profit, nor be saddened at a loss. VI. Let no worldly familiarity draw you away; but let all your delight dwell in your little cell. Have your cell as a paradise; be confident that you have your spiritual brothers as eternal kindred. VII. Fear the prior of the monastery as a lord, love him as a parent.
1:3
Similiter quoque omnes oportet diligere fratres, cum quibus etiam te confidis videre gloriam Christi. VIII. "Non oderis laboriosam operam:" [Eccli. vii,16] Otium quoque ne sectatus fueris. In vigiliis confectus, in opere justo affectus, ambulans quasi dormitans lassus ad stratum tuum venias, et cum Christo requiescere te credas. IX. Cursumque monasterii super omnia diligas. Qui vero saepius orare voluerit, uberiorem inveniet misericordiam Christi. X. Matutinoque dicto ita meditationem habeant fratres usque ad horam secundam: si tamen nulla causa extiterit, qua necesse sit etiam praetermissa meditatione aliquid fieri in commune. XI.
照樣,你也當愛眾弟兄,你信你也要與他們一同瞻仰基督的榮耀。八、「不可厭惡勞苦的工作;」〔便西拉七16〕也不可追求安逸。在守夜中疲憊,在正當的勞作中專一,行走如同因勞累而昏沉之人,回到你的床上,並當篤信你是與基督一同安歇。九、要愛修道院的常規操練過於一切。凡更常願意禱告的,必尋得基督更豐盛的憐憫。十、晨更的崇拜既已誦念,弟兄們便當如此默想,直到第二時辰:只要沒有任何緣由發生,以致即便撇下默想,也必須有甚麼事當公共處理。十一、
Likewise also it behooves you to love all the brothers, with whom you trust also to behold the glory of Christ. VIII. "Do not hate laborious work;" [Sir. 7:16] do not pursue idleness either. Worn out in vigils, devoted to just labor, walking as one drowsy with weariness, come to your bed, and believe that you rest together with Christ. IX. And love the course of the monastery above all things. But whoever shall more often wish to pray will find the more abundant mercy of Christ. X. And when the morning office has been said, let the brothers thus engage in meditation until the second hour: provided that no cause arise by which it is necessary, even with meditation set aside, that something be done in common. XI.
1:4
Post horam vero secundam unusquisque ad opus suum paratus sit usque ad horam nonam, ut quidquid injunctum fuerit, "Sine murmuratione perficiat," [Philip. ii,14] sicut dicit sanctus Apostolus. XII. Si quis autem murmuraverit, vel contentiosus extiterit, aut referens in aliquo contrariam voluntatem praeceptis, digne correptus secundum arbitriuma senioris vel modum culpae, tandiu abstineat, quandiu vel culpae qualitas poposcerit, vel se poenitendo humiliaverit, vel emendaverit; ita ut correptus non audeat usquam recidere. XIII. Si quis frater, vel qui in oratorio sunt, vel qui per cellulas consistunt, quicumque ejus errori consenserit, culpabilis erit. XIV.
但第二時辰之後,各人當預備好作自己的工,直到第九時辰,好使凡所吩咐的,他都可「毫無怨言地完成」,〔腓二14〕正如聖使徒所說。十二、但若有人發了怨言,或顯出爭競,或在任何事上顯出與吩咐相違的意願,便當照長者的判斷或過失的輕重,受合宜的責備,並當禁戒自己,直到那過失的性質有所要求,或直到他以悔改自卑,或已改正為止;以致他既受了責備,便不敢在任何地方再次跌回其中。十三、若有任何弟兄——無論是在祈禱所中的,或是散住在各小室中的——凡附和他的錯誤的,就是有罪的。十四、
But after the second hour let each one be ready for his work until the ninth hour, so that whatever has been enjoined he may "accomplish without murmuring," [Phil. 2:14] as the holy Apostle says. XII. But if anyone shall have murmured, or proved contentious, or shown in any matter a will contrary to the commands, being worthily rebuked according to the judgment of the elder or the measure of the fault, let him abstain for as long as either the nature of the fault shall demand, or until he humbles himself by repenting, or has amended; in such a way that, once rebuked, he dare not anywhere fall back into it. XIII. If any brother—whether of those who are in the oratory, or of those who dwell throughout the cells—whoever consents to his error, shall be culpable. XIV.
1:5
Ad horam vero orationis, dato signo, non statim praetermisso omni opere quod agit, paratus fuerit, foras excludatur, ut erubescat; quia nihil orationi praeponendum est. XV. Operam Deo dabunt singuli fratres tempore quo Missae in vigiliis observandis fiunt, quando omnes conveniunt, ne deficiant. Quicumque gravatur somno, exeat foras: non se fabulis occupet, sed statim redeat ad opus, quo convenitur. In congregatione autem ipsa ubi legitur, aures semper ad Scripturas habeant, et silentium observent. XVI. Hoc etiam attendendum fuit, ut frater, qui pro qualibet culpa arguitur vel increpatur, patientiam habeat, et non respondeat arguenti se;
但到了禱告的時辰,記號既已發出,他若不立即預備好,撇下自己正在作的一切工——因為沒有甚麼可被置於禱告之上——就當被關在門外,使他蒙羞。十五、在守夜中當守的崇拜舉行之時,眾人聚集之際,各弟兄當專心向神,免得他們困乏退去。凡被睡意所壓的,就當出去外面:不可以閒話打發時間,乃要立即回到那聚集所為之而集的工。但在那有人誦讀的聚集中,他們當常側耳聽聖經,並當守靜默。十六、這事也當留意:弟兄因任何過失受責備或受斥責,當有忍耐,不可頂撞那責備他的人;
But at the hour of prayer, when the signal has been given, if he be not at once ready, setting aside every work that he is doing—since nothing is to be preferred to prayer—let him be shut out of doors, that he may be put to shame. XV. The individual brothers shall give their attention to God at the time when the offices in the vigils to be observed are held, when all assemble, lest they grow faint. Whoever is weighed down with sleep, let him go outside: let him not occupy himself with idle talk, but return at once to the work for which the assembly is gathered. But in the assembly itself, where there is reading, let them always keep their ears to the Scriptures, and observe silence. XVI. This too had to be attended to: that a brother who is rebuked or reproved for any fault should have patience and not answer back the one rebuking him;
1:6
sed humiliet se in omnibus secundum praeceptum Domini dicentis: "Quia Deus humilibus dat gratiam, superbis autem resistit." [Jacob. iv,6] Et, "Qui se humiliat, exaltabitur." [Matth. xxiii,12] XVII. Qui vero saepius corripitur, et non se emendaverit, novissimus in ordine stare jubeatur. Qui si nec sic quidem se emendaverit, extraneus habeatur, sicut Dominus dixit: "Sit tibi sicut ethnicus et publicanus." [Matth. xviii,17] XVIII. Ad mensam autem specialiter nullus loquatur, nisi qui praeest, vel qui interrogatus fuerit. XIX. Nullus se in sua peritia, neque in voce exaltet, sed per humilitatem et obedientiam laetetur in Domino. XX. "Hospitalitatem sectantes" [Rom.
乃要照著主的訓示,在凡事上自卑,主說:「因為神賜恩給謙卑的人,卻抵擋驕傲的人。」〔雅四6〕又說:「凡自卑的,必升為高。」〔太二三12〕十七、凡屢次受更正而不肯改正自己的,當吩咐他站在班次的末位。他若連這樣也不肯改正自己,就當把他看作外人,正如主所說:「就看他像外邦人和稅吏一樣。」〔太十八17〕十八、然而在席間,除了主持的人,或被問及的人以外,無人可特別發言。十九、無人可因自己的技能,或因自己的嗓音而自高,乃要藉謙卑與順服在主裡歡喜。二十、「要追求款待客旅」〔羅
but let him humble himself in all things according to the precept of the Lord who says: "For God gives grace to the humble, but resists the proud." [James 4:6] And, "He who humbles himself shall be exalted." [Matt. 23:12] XVII. But whoever is more often corrected and does not amend himself, let him be ordered to stand last in rank. And if not even thus he amends himself, let him be regarded as an outsider, as the Lord said: "Let him be to you as a heathen and a publican." [Matt. 18:17] XVIII. At table, however, let no one speak in particular, except the one who presides, or the one who has been questioned. XIX. Let no one exalt himself in his own skill, nor in his voice, but through humility and obedience let him rejoice in the Lord. XX. "Pursuing hospitality" [Rom.
1:7
xii,13] per omnia, et ne avertas oculum, aut inanem dimittas pauperem; ne forte Dominus in hospite aut in paupere ad te veniat, et videat te haesitantem, et contemnaris; sed omnibus hilarem te ostende, et fideliter age. XXI. Passus injuriam taceas. Injuriam facere non nosse, factam posse tolerare. Non te inania seducant consilia, sed magis te specialiter in Christo confirma. Non tibi aestimes ullos proximiores parentes, quam qui tecum sunt in cellula fratres. XXII. Si ad necessaria requirenda e monasterio bini egrediantur vel terni fratres, tales fiant quibus creditur, qui timorem Dei in se habere videntur, non qui verbositatem aut gulam sectantur. XXIII.
十二13〕在凡事上款待,不可轉開你的眼目,也不可叫窮人空手而回;恐怕主在客旅身上或在窮人身上來到你這裡,看見你遲疑,你就被輕看了;乃要向眾人顯出你的喜樂,並要忠心而行。二一、受了傷害,當靜默。要不曉得如何加害於人,又要能在被加害時忍受。不可讓空洞的計謀引誘你,乃要更特別地在基督裡堅立自己。不可以為有任何親人比那些與你同在室中的弟兄更親近於你。二二、若有兩三位弟兄從修道院出去尋求所需之物,當揀選那些可信託的,就是看得出在自己裡面有敬畏神之心的,而非那些追求多言或貪食的。二三、
12:13] in all things, and do not turn away your eye, or dismiss the poor man empty; lest perchance the Lord come to you in the guest or in the poor man, and see you hesitating, and you be despised; but show yourself cheerful to all, and act faithfully. XXI. Having suffered injury, be silent. To know not how to do injury, and to be able to bear injury when it is done. Let no empty counsels seduce you, but rather establish yourself especially in Christ. Do not reckon any kindred nearer to you than the brothers who are with you in the cell. XXII. If two or three brothers go out from the monastery to seek necessary things, let them be such as can be trusted, who are seen to have the fear of God in themselves, not such as pursue much talking or gluttony. XXIII.
1:8
Ergo si quis de saeculo ad monasterium converti voluerit, Regula ei introeunti legatur, et omnes actus monasterii illi patefiant. Qui si omnia apte sustinuerit, sic digne a fratribus suscipiatur in monasterio. XXIV. Nam si aliquam in cellula voluerit inferre substantiam, in mensa ponatur coram omnibus fratribus, velut Regula continet. Qui susceptus fuerit, non solum de substantia quam intulit, sed etiam nec de se ipso ab illa judicabit hora. Nam si aliquid prius erogavit pauperibus, aut veniens in cellulam aliquid intulit fratribus, ipsi tamen non est licitum, ut aliquid habeat in sua potestate. XXV.
所以,若有人從世界願意歸向修道院,他進來時,當把規章誦讀給他聽,並把修道院的一切作法向他講明。他若合宜地忍受了一切,就當由弟兄們合宜地接納他進入修道院。二四、因為他若願意把甚麼財物帶進室內,就當照規章所載,把它擺在席上,當著眾弟兄的面。那被接納的人,從那時起,不僅對他所帶進的財物,連對他自己,都不再有支配之權。因為他即便先前已將甚麼分給了窮人,或進到室內時為弟兄們帶進了甚麼,他自己仍不可有甚麼保留在自己的權下。二五、
Therefore, if anyone from the world wishes to be converted to the monastery, let the Rule be read to him as he enters, and let all the practices of the monastery be made plain to him. And if he fittingly endures all things, then let him be worthily received by the brothers into the monastery. XXIV. For if he wishes to bring any substance into the cell, let it be placed at the table in the presence of all the brothers, as the Rule contains. He who has been received shall, from that hour, have judgment not only over the substance which he brought in, but not even over himself. For if he has previously distributed anything to the poor, or, on coming into the cell, brought in anything for the brothers, it is nevertheless not lawful for him to have anything in his own power. XXV.
1:9
Et si ex qualibet causa scandali post tertium diem inde exire voluerit, nihil penitus accipiat, nisi in veste qua venit. Quod si casu transierit, nullus haeredium ejus adire debeat. Quod si impulsare voluerit, Regula ei legatur, et confundatur turpiter, et discedat confusus; quia et illi a quo repetit, fuerat recitata. XXVI. Ergo ex qualibet causa quis peccaverit frater, ab oratione suspendatur, et jejuniis distringatur. Quod si coram omnibus fratribus prostratus veniam postulaverit, dimittatur illi. XXVII. Nam si in sua voluerit perseverare nequitia et superbia, et dicat:
倘若有弟兄因任何絆跌的緣故,在第三日之後想要從那裏離去,他絕不可領受任何東西,只能穿著他來時所穿的衣服。若他偶然過世,他的繼承人中無一人可前來索取。若他想要提出要求,就當把規章念給他聽,使他蒙受羞辱,狼狽而去;因為那規章先前也曾向他向之索討的那人宣讀過。二十六。所以,弟兄若因任何緣故犯了罪,當被禁止禱告,並以禁食加以約束。但他若俯伏在眾弟兄面前懇求赦免,就當赦免他。二十七。倘若他執意要持守自己的邪惡與驕傲,並且說:
And if for any cause of offense he should wish to depart from there after the third day, let him receive absolutely nothing except the garment in which he came. But if by chance he passes away, let none of his heirs presume to approach. But if he wishes to make a claim, let the Rule be read to him, and let him be shamefully put to confusion, and let him depart confounded; for it had also been recited to the one from whom he demands it back. XXVI. Therefore, if for any cause a brother has sinned, let him be suspended from prayer and bound under fasts. But if, prostrate before all the brethren, he asks for pardon, let it be granted to him. XXVII. For if he should wish to persevere in his wickedness and pride, and say:
1:10
"Hic ego durare non possum, sed accipiam casulam meam, et eam ubi voluerit Dominus:" quisquis de fratribus eum hoc dixisse prius audierit, referat praepositio et preapositus abbati. Abbas coram omnibus fratribus resideat, et eum exhiberi jubeat, et virgis purgetur, et oratio fiat, et sic ad communionem recipiatur. Ut si quis sane non emendatur doctrina, virgis purgetur. XXVIII. Quod si casu quis frater de monastario exire voluerit, nihil penitus accipiat, nisi in notatissimo vestimento, et extra communionem infidelis discedat. Nam quieti et pacifici excelsum diripiunt regnum, et filii computantur Altissimi, [Matth. v,4&9] et pretiosas splendidasque accipient coronas;
「我在這裏無法忍受下去,我要拿我的斗篷,到主所願意的任何地方去。」弟兄中無論誰最先聽見他說這話,當稟報院監,院監再稟報院長。院長當坐在眾弟兄面前,吩咐把他帶上前來,用杖責罰他,並要禱告,然後才接他重歸交通。如此,凡明明不肯因教導而改正的,就當用杖責罰。二十八。倘若有弟兄偶然想要離開修道院,他絕不可領受任何東西,只能穿著最顯眼的衣服,並當如不信者一般,被逐出交通之外而離去。因為溫柔和平的人要奪取那至高的國,並被算為至高者的兒子(馬太福音五章4節與9節),且要領受寶貴而輝煌的冠冕;
"Here I cannot endure, but I will take my cloak and go wherever the Lord wills:" whoever among the brethren first hears him say this, let him report it to the prior, and the prior to the abbot. Let the abbot sit before all the brethren, and order him to be brought forward, and let him be chastened with rods, and let prayer be made, and so let him be received back into communion. So that if anyone is plainly not corrected by teaching, let him be chastened with rods. XXVIII. But if by chance a brother should wish to leave the monastery, let him receive absolutely nothing except in the most marked garment, and let him depart as an unbeliever, outside of communion. For the gentle and the peaceful seize the kingdom on high, and are counted sons of the Most High, [Matt. 5:4 & 9] and shall receive precious and splendid crowns;
1:11
filii autem tenebrarum in exteriora ibunt tormenta. "Super quem requiescam, dicit Dominus, nisi super humilem, et quietum et trementem sermones meos?" [Isai. lvi,2] XXIX. Quarta et sexta feria qui infrangunt jejunium, Judae aestimantur participes, qui Christum tradidit. XXX. Illud etiam attendendum fuit, ut intra monasterium artificium non faciat ullus, nisi ille cujus fides probata fuerit, qui ad utilitatem et necessitatem monasterii faciat quod poterit facere. Lignorum copia ingentem excitat flammam; multitudo autem escarum emittit concupiscentiam. Pessima concupiscentia escarum, et inobedientia generat mortem.
但黑暗之子要進入外面的刑罰裏。「我要安歇在誰身上呢?這是主說的,豈不是在那謙卑安靜、因我的話而戰兢的人身上麼?」(以賽亞書六十六章2節)二十九。凡在每週第四日與第六日破壞禁食的人,被算為與出賣基督的猶大同夥。三十。還有一事必須遵守,就是在修道院內,除了信心經過考驗的人以外,無人可從事手藝;這人可為修道院的益處與需用,作他所能作的。木柴充足,便燃起巨大的火焰;食物繁多,便發出情慾。對食物的貪戀最為邪惡,而悖逆生出死亡。
but the sons of darkness shall go into the outer torments. "Upon whom shall I rest, says the Lord, but upon him who is humble and quiet and trembles at my words?" [Isa. 66:2] XXIX. Those who break the fast on the fourth and sixth days of the week are reckoned partakers with Judas, who betrayed Christ. XXX. This too must be observed, that within the monastery let no one practice a craft except him whose faith has been proven, who may do what he can for the benefit and need of the monastery. Abundance of wood kindles a vast flame; but a multitude of foods sends forth lust. Most evil is the craving for foods, and disobedience begets death.
1:12
Indigens venter in orationibus vigilantiam praestat, et coronam animae acquirit; repletus autem somnum inducit gravissimum. Oculus gulosi convivia scrutatur, oculus autem sapientum meditatur continentiam. Formidolosus miles horrescit ad tubam, quae bellum significat; et gulosus, si abstinentiam praedicantem audierit, non libenter auscultat. Flamma cum marcescit, elucescit iterum si acceperit lignum; et libido sopita rursum crescit in saturitate. Non miserearis corpori, si lassitudine defecerit: equus consentiens indigens corpus, nec ascensorem dejicit unquam. Concupiscentia gulae mater est libidinis. Oleum nutrit lampada lucernae, et ignem reaccendit confabulatio mulieris.
空腹使人在禱告中儆醒,並為靈魂贏得冠冕;飽腹卻招來最沉重的睡眠。貪食者的眼睛搜尋筵席,智慧人的眼睛卻默想節制。膽怯的兵丁在那預示戰爭的號角前發抖;貪食者若聽見人傳講禁戒,也不樂意聆聽。火焰將熄之際,若得了木柴便再次燃起;情慾雖被壓制,在飽足中又重新滋長。身體若因疲乏而衰弱,你不要憐惜它:馬若順從那受約束的身體,就絕不會把騎者摔下。肚腹的貪戀是情慾之母。油滋養燈的火焰,婦人的閒談重燃慾火。
A needy stomach grants watchfulness in prayers, and acquires a crown for the soul; but a full one induces the heaviest sleep. The eye of the glutton scans banquets, but the eye of the wise meditates on self-control. The fearful soldier shudders at the trumpet that signals war; and the glutton, if he hears anyone preaching abstinence, does not gladly listen. When a flame withers, it blazes again if it receives wood; and a quenched lust grows once more in satiety. Have no pity on the body if it fails from weariness: a horse that goes along with the needy body never throws its rider. The craving of the belly is the mother of lust. Oil nourishes the lamp's flame, and a woman's chatter rekindles the fire.
1:13
Facies mulieris sagitta est truculenta; infigit vulnus in animam. Ut venenum fuge confabulationem mulieris, si castus esse volueris; absconsum namque in eis est venenum bestiarum nequissimum. Magis appropinqua igni ardenti, quam mulieri novellae. Cum sis juvenis, fuge impetum libidinis, et confabulationem mulieris. Qui repleverunt ventrem, et promiserunt castitatem, sibi mentiuntur. Forma pulchritudinis pejus quam procella submergit. Species mulieris si semel mentem contriverit, etiam ipsam mentem contemnere persuadet. Ut enim si paleis remoretur ignis, excitat flammam; sic memoria mulieris permanens succendit concupiscentiam.
婦人的面容是凶猛的箭,使靈魂受傷。你若願意保持貞潔,就當逃避婦人的閒談,如同逃避毒物一般;因為在她們裏面隱藏著最致命的獸毒。寧可靠近燃燒的烈火,也不可靠近少婦。當你年少時,要逃避情慾的侵襲與婦人的閒談。那些填飽肚腹卻又許下貞潔之願的人,是自欺。美貌的形體比暴風更甚地將人淹沒。婦人的容貌一旦壓垮了心思,就勸誘人連心思本身也加以輕看。正如火在糠秕中逗留便挑起火焰,照樣,對婦人揮之不去的記憶也燃起情慾。
A woman's face is a savage arrow; it fixes a wound in the soul. Flee a woman's chatter as you would poison, if you wish to be chaste; for hidden in them is the most deadly venom of beasts. Draw nearer to a burning fire than to a young woman. While you are a young man, flee the assault of lust and the chatter of a woman. Those who have filled their belly and have promised chastity lie to themselves. The shape of beauty drowns a man worse than a tempest. If a woman's appearance has once crushed the mind, it persuades a man even to despise the mind itself. For just as if fire lingers among chaff it stirs up a flame, so the lingering memory of a woman kindles lust.
1:14
Ut enim cumulata navis undarum ictu obruitur, sic multa possidens monachus non salvabitur. Nihil possidens monachus athleta insuperabilis: nihil possidens monachus cursor levis, velociter ad bravium vocationis pervenit. Avarus monachus operari negligit; nihil possidens monachus post opus moderatum orationibus et lectionibns vacat. Avarus monachus thesaurizat sibi iram in die ultionis; nihil possidens monachus thesaurizat in coelo, et dabit laudem cum Angelis Deo. Gloriatio monachis, patientia tribulationibus ejus. Gloriatio monachi, longanimitas cum charitate. Gloriatio monachi, nulla res praesentis vitae possidere. Gloriatio monachi, vigiliae et fletus in orationibus.
正如滿載的船被波浪的衝擊所淹沒,照樣,擁有許多的修士也不能得救。一無所有的修士是不可戰勝的勇士;一無所有的修士是輕快的賽跑者,迅速地達到他蒙召的賞賜。貪財的修士疏於作工;一無所有的修士在適度的勞作之後,便有閒暇從事禱告與誦讀。貪財的修士為自己積蓄忿怒,留待報應之日;一無所有的修士積蓄財寶在天上,要與眾天使一同讚美神。修士的誇耀,在於患難中的忍耐。修士的誇耀,在於與愛心相連的恆忍。修士的誇耀,在於不擁有今生的任何事物。修士的誇耀,在於禱告中的儆醒與痛哭。
For just as a laden ship is overwhelmed by the blow of the waves, so a monk who possesses much shall not be saved. A monk who possesses nothing is an unconquerable athlete; a monk who possesses nothing is a swift runner, reaching speedily the prize of his calling. The covetous monk neglects to work; the monk who possesses nothing, after moderate labor, has leisure for prayers and readings. The covetous monk stores up for himself wrath on the day of vengeance; the monk who possesses nothing stores up in heaven, and shall give praise to God together with the angels. The monk's boast is patience in his tribulations. The monk's boast is long-suffering joined with charity. The monk's boast is to possess nothing of the present life. The monk's boast is vigils and weeping in prayers.
1:15
Gloriatio monachi, mansuetudo et cordis silentium. Gloriatio monachi, quando Dominum ex toto corde dilexerit, et proximum suum tanquam se ipsum. Gloriatio monachi, abstinentia escarum, et a multiloquio linguae. Gloriatio monachi, quando proximum suum sicut se ipsum patitur. Gloriatio monachi, quando verba ejus operibus consonant. Gloriatio monachi, quando in loco suo permanet, et huc illucque non vagatur. Gloriatio monachi, longanimitas. Sicut lampas in loco tenebroso, sicut sol radians; sic monachus mente sobria, et corde pervigili in tempore salutis suae. Sicut pondus salis deprimit virum infirmum, sic somnus monachum.
修士的誇耀,在於溫柔與心中的靜默。修士的誇耀,在於他全心愛主,又愛鄰舍如同自己。修士的誇耀,在於禁戒食物,並戒除舌頭的多言。修士的誇耀,在於他容忍鄰舍如同容忍自己。修士的誇耀,在於他的言語與他的行為相符。修士的誇耀,在於他安居己處,不四處飄盪。修士的誇耀,在於恆忍。正如燈在黑暗之處,正如光芒四射的太陽,照樣,修士在他得救的時候,心思清醒,心中時刻儆醒。正如一袋鹽壓垮軟弱的人,照樣,睡眠也壓垮修士。
The monk's boast is meekness and silence of heart. The monk's boast is when he has loved the Lord with his whole heart, and his neighbor as himself. The monk's boast is abstinence from foods and from the much-speaking of the tongue. The monk's boast is when he bears with his neighbor as with himself. The monk's boast is when his words accord with his works. The monk's boast is when he remains in his own place and does not wander here and there. The monk's boast is long-suffering. As a lamp in a dark place, as a radiant sun, so is the monk with sober mind and ever-watchful heart in the time of his salvation. As a weight of salt presses down a feeble man, so does sleep the monk.
1:16
Sicut spinae et tribuli agro opimo, sic et cogitationes turpes pessimae in corde monachi. Sicut tinea exterminat vestimentum, sic distractiones animam monachi. Noli te dare ad colloquium mulierum, ne fias separatus a regno Dei; et ne velis dicere: Loquar cum muliere, et mundus sum. Monachus sapiens suis manibus operatur, et victum sibi quotidianum acquirit, et lucratus est orationes et jejunia sua; si autem ab alio acceperit victum, quid prodest quod orat et vigilat? Sicut mercenarius malus, nudus evadit, quia scriptum est: "Melius est dare quam accipere." [Act. xx,35] Qui legis, intellige in Domino semper.
正如荊棘與蒺藜之於肥沃的田地,照樣,污穢至惡的念頭也在修士的心中。正如蛀蟲毀壞衣裳,照樣,種種分心也毀壞修士的靈魂。不要讓自己與婦女交談,免得你與神的國隔絕;也不要說:我要與婦人說話,我卻是潔淨的。智慧的修士親手作工,謀得每日的糧食,並從他的禱告與禁食中得益處;但他若從別人那裏領受糧食,他的禱告與儆醒又有何益處呢?他像個惡僕,赤身而去,因為經上記著說:「施比受更為有福。」(使徒行傳二十章35節)你讀這話的人,當常在主裏明白。
As thorns and thistles are to a rich field, so are foul and most evil thoughts in the heart of a monk. As a moth destroys a garment, so do distractions the soul of a monk. Do not give yourself to conversation with women, lest you be separated from the kingdom of God; and do not be willing to say: I will speak with a woman, and I am pure. The wise monk works with his own hands and acquires his daily sustenance, and he profits by his prayers and his fasts; but if he receives his sustenance from another, what does it profit that he prays and keeps vigil? Like a bad hireling, he goes out naked, for it is written: "It is better to give than to receive." [Acts 20:35] You who read, understand always in the Lord.
1