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西多尼烏斯·阿波利納里斯

書信與詩集 第 1 章 第 4/7 段

拉丁文原文.37 節.部分字詞可點開查義.本章太長已分段,此段為 1:112–1:148(全章共 252 節)

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1:112
pugnacem Rugum comitante Gelono, Gepida trux sequitur, b Scyrum Burgundio cogit ; Chunus, Bellonotus, Neurus, Basterna, Toringus, Bructerus, ulvosa quem vel 1 Nicer abluit unda, Prorumpit Francus; cecidit cito secta bipenni Hercinia in lintres, et Rhenum lexuit alno. Et jam terrificis diffuderat Attila turmis In campos se, Belga, tuos; vix liquerat Alpes Aetius, tenue et rarum sine milite ducens Robur in auxiliis Geticum male credulus agmen Incassum propriis præsumens adfore castris. Nuntius at postquam ductorem perculit, Hunnos Jam prope contemptum propriis in sedibus hostem Exspectare Getas, versat vagus omnia secum. Consilia, et mentem curarum fluctibus urget.
那好戰的魯吉人,與格隆人同行;兇猛的格皮德人隨後;勃艮第人驅趕著斯基里人;匈人、貝洛諾圖斯人、內烏里人、巴斯特爾納人、圖林根人、布魯克特里人——那被蘆葦叢生的尼刻爾河以其波濤沖洗者;法蘭克人衝殺而出;赫爾庫尼亞森林迅速被雙刃斧砍倒而化作小舟,萊茵河以榿木交織成筏。如今阿提拉已將他令人膽寒的隊伍鋪展於你的平原之上,啊比利時人;埃提烏斯方才離開阿爾卑斯,率領一支單薄零散、毫無正規兵員的軍隊,其力量在他的援軍中乃是哥特人的——他過於輕信,枉自臆想他自己的人會出現在他的營中。但當信使擊中這領袖,告知匈人——一個已近乎可鄙的敵人——正在他們自己的地界等候哥特人時,他便漂泊不定,將一切在心中翻來覆去,以掛慮的波濤驅策著他的謀算與心思。
the warlike Rugian, with the Gelonian in company; the fierce Gepid follows; the Burgundian drives the Scirian on; the Hun, the Bellonotus, the Neurian, the Basterna, the Thuringian, the Bructeran, whom the reedy Nicer washes with its wave; the Frank breaks forth; swiftly, cut by the double axe, the Hercynian forest fell into skiffs, and the Rhine was woven with alder. And now Attila had spread out his terrifying squadrons over your plains, O Belgian; scarcely had Aetius left the Alps, leading a thin and scattered force without soldiery, its strength Getic among his auxiliaries — too credulous, presuming in vain that his own would be present at his camps. But after the messenger struck the leader, that the Huns, an enemy already close to being despised, awaited the Getae in their own seats, he turns all things over with himself, wandering, and drives his counsels and his mind with waves of cares.
1:113
Tandem cunctanti sedit sententia, celsum Exorare virum , collectis iue omnibus una Principibus, coram supplex sic talibus infit. Orbis, Avite, salus, cui non nova gloria nunc est, Quod rogat Aetius; voluisti, et non nocet hostis : « Vis? prodest; inclusa tenes tot millia nutu, Et populis Geticis sola est tua gratia limes. Infensi semper nobis, pacem tibi præstant. Victrices i prome aquilas : fac, optime, Chunos Quorum forte prior fuga nos concusserat olim, Bis victor prodesse mihi. Sic fatus, et ille Pollicitus votum, fecit spem, Protinus inde Advolat, et famulas in praelia concitat iras. Ibant pellitæ post classica Romula turmæ, Ad nomen currente Geta ;
他躊躇之際,終於定下決心:去懇求那崇高之人;他召集了所有將領,在他們面前謙卑求告,以如此之言開口:「世界的拯救者阿維圖斯啊,如今埃提烏斯有所懇求,對你已非新奇的榮耀;你若有意,敵人便不能為害。你願意麼?這於事有益;你以你的頷首扣住如此眾多的千萬人,對哥特諸族而言,惟你的恩眷便是疆界。他們對我們素懷敵意,卻向你獻上和平。請將那勝利的鷹旗高舉:啊眾人中至善者,願那匈人——他們的潰逃曾偶然擊碎我們——如今兩度使我作為勝者得益。」他如此說著;而那另一位既應允了他的祈求,便造就了盼望。他隨即從那裡飛奔,鼓動他那如僕的怒氣奔赴戰場。披皮的隊伍隨在羅馬的號角之後,哥特人聞名而奔。
At last, as he wavered, a resolve settled: to entreat the lofty man; and with all the leaders gathered together, suppliant before them, he thus begins with such words: 'Salvation of the world, Avitus, to whom it is no new glory now that Aetius makes his request; you willed it, and the foe does no harm. Do you wish it? It profits; you hold so many thousands enclosed by your nod, and to the Getic peoples your favor alone is the boundary. Ever hostile to us, they furnish peace to you. Bring forth the victorious eagles: make, O best of men, that the Huns — whose flight had once by chance shattered us before — should twice profit me, as victor.' Thus he spoke; and the other, having promised his prayer, made hope. Straightway thence he flies, and stirs up his servile wraths to battle. The skin-clad squadrons went behind the Roman trumpets, with the Getae running at the name.
1:114
timet ære vocari 342 Dirutus, oppronrium non damnum barbarus [horrens. Hos ad bella trahit tum jam spes orbis Avitus, Vel jam privatus, vel adhuc. Sic cinnama busto, Collis Erythræi portans Phoebeius ales, Concitat omne avium vulgus : famulautia currunt Agmina, et augustus pennas non explicat aer. d Jam prope faia lui bissenas vulturis alas Complebant (scis namque tuos, scis, Roma, laborcs) « Aetium Placidua mactavit semivir amens Yixque tuo impositum capiti diadema, Petroni :
那蠻族被銅號召喚時竟畏懼——當他被擊敗,顫慄的是恥辱而非損失。此時阿維圖斯——如今世界的盼望——引領這些人赴戰,無論他此刻是平民,抑或仍是。恰如埃律特拉山那福玻斯之鳥,銜著肉桂前往它的柴堆,鼓動起全體鳥群:那侍從的隊列奔跑而來,擁擠的天空竟無法展開牠的雙翼。如今命運已為你填滿那禿鷲兩個六隻的翅膀(羅馬啊,因你知曉你的勞苦,你確知曉):那半人、瘋狂的普拉奇杜斯屠殺了埃提烏斯;彼特羅尼烏斯啊,那冠冕方才戴上你的頭——
The barbarian dreads to be summoned by the bronze, when overthrown, shuddering at reproach, not at loss. These to war then draws Avitus, now the world's hope — whether now a private man, or still. So the Phoebean bird of the Erythraean hill, bearing cinnamon to its pyre, rouses all the throng of birds: the attendant columns come running, and the air, crowded, cannot spread its wings. Now already the fates were filling out for you the twice-six wings of the vulture (for you know your labors, Rome, you know them): the half-man, mad Placidus slaughtered Aetius; and scarcely, Petronius, was the diadem set upon your head —
1:115
Illico barbaries, nec non sibi capta videri Roma Getis, lellusque suo cessura furori, Raptores ceu forte lupi, quis nare sagaci Monstrat odor pinguem clausis ab ovilibus auram, Irritant, acuuntque amem, portantque rapinæ In vultu speciem, jatulo jejunia rictu Fallentes; jam jamque| tener spe |frangitur agnus, Atque absens avido crepitat jam præda palato. Quin et Aremoricus piratam Saxona tractus Sperabat, cui pelle salum sulcare Britannum Ludus, ct assuto glaucum mare findere lembo. Fraucus Germanum primum, Belgamque secundum Sternebat, Rhenumque ferox Alamanne bibebas Romanis ripis, ei utroque superbus in agro f Vel civis, vel victor eras.
蠻族頓時興起,羅馬在哥特人看來也似已被擄,一片土地即將屈服於自己的狂怒——或許正如貪婪的餓狼,那從緊閉的羊圈飄來、載滿肥美氣息的空氣被牠們敏銳的鼻孔嗅出,牠們便撩撥並磨利其飢餓,面上帶著劫掠之相,以張裂之口欺哄自己的饑腸;如今,如今那柔弱的羔羊已因牠們的盼望而破碎,那尚在遠處的獵物已在牠們貪婪的顎中作響。不僅如此,那阿爾莫里卡地帶還盼望著撒克遜海盜——對他而言,以獸皮犁過鹽海、以縫合的小艇劈開灰色大海乃是遊戲。法蘭克人先擊倒日耳曼人,次擊倒比利時人,而你,兇猛的阿拉曼人,竟從羅馬的河岸飲萊茵之水,在兩岸之上驕傲地或作公民,或作勝者。
Straightway barbarism, and Rome too seeming captured to the Getae, and a land about to yield to its own fury — like ravening wolves perhaps, to whom the scent shows with keen nostril the rich air from the closed sheepfolds, they goad and sharpen their hunger, and bear in their look the semblance of plunder, cheating their fasting with gaping maw; and now, now the tender lamb is broken by their hope, and the absent prey already crackles in their greedy palate. Nay, the Armorican tract hoped for the Saxon pirate too, to whom it was sport to furrow the salt with a hide, and to cleave the grey sea with a stitched skiff. The Frank was laying low the German first and the Belgian second, and you, fierce Alaman, were drinking the Rhine from Roman banks, and on either shore, proud, you were either citizen or victor.
1:116
Sed perdita cernens Terrarum spatia, princeps jam Maximus, unum Quod fuit in rcbus, peditumque equitumque magi- [strum Te sibi, Avite, legit: collati rumor honoris Invetait agricolam, flexi dum forte ligonis Exercet dentes, vel pando pronus aralro 343 Vertit inexcoctam per pinguia jugera glebam, Sic quondam ad patriae res fractas panper arato­ Cincinnate venis, veterem cum te induit uxor Ante boves trabeam, dictaloremquc salignæ Excepere foies, atque ad sua tecta ferentem Quod non persevit, turpiquc e fasce gravata Vile triumphalis portavit purpura semen. Ut primum ingesti pondus suscepit honoris, Legas qui veniam poscant, Alamanne, furoris.
然而那如今名喚馬克西穆斯的君王,眼見列邦之地淪喪,便揀選你,阿維圖斯,作他唯一的步騎統帥——這是他境況中僅存之物。那所授榮譽的傳聞尋見了農夫,當他偶然運使他彎曲鋤頭之齒,或俯身於彎犁之上,翻動肥沃田畝間那未經烘烤的土塊——正如昔日,貧窮的辛辛納圖斯啊,你從犁旁來到祖國破碎的境況,那時你的妻子在你的牛前為你披上古昔的官袍,柳門迎接了那獨裁官,那滿載卑微綑束的凱旋紫袍,將他未曾播種的卑賤種子帶回他自己的居所。他一擔起那加於他身的榮譽之重,啊阿拉曼人,你便能讀到那些為其狂暴乞求赦免之人。
But seeing the tracts of the lands lost, the prince, now Maximus, chose you, Avitus, as his one master of foot and horse — the sole thing that remained in his affairs. The rumor of the honor conferred found the husbandman while by chance he plied the teeth of his bent mattock, or, stooping over the curved plough, turned the unbaked clod through the rich acres — as once, poor Cincinnatus, you come to the broken fortunes of your fatherland from the plough, when your wife clothed you, before your oxen, in the ancient robe of state, and the willow doors received the dictator, and the triumphal purple, laden with a base bundle, carried to his own dwelling the vile seed which he had not sown. As soon as he took up the weight of the honor thrust upon him, you might read those who beg pardon for their fury, O Alaman.
1:117
Saxonis incursus cessat, a Catthumque palustri Alligat Albis aqua : vixquc hoc tcr menstrua totum Luna videt. n Jamque ad populos et rura fcroci Tenta Getæ protendit iter, qua pulsus ab æstu Occanus, refluum spargit per culta Garumnam, In flumen currente mari: transcendit amarus Blanda fluenta latex, fluviique impacta per alveum Salsa peregrinum sibi navigat unda profundum. Hic jam disposito laxantes frena duello c Vesorum proceres raptim suspendit ab ira Rumor, d succincto referens diplomate Avitum Jam Geticas intrare domos, positaque parumper Mole magisterii, lcgaii jura subisse. Obstupuere duces pariter Scythicusque senatus, Et timuere suam pacem ne forte negaret.
撒克遜人的入侵止息了,易北河以其沼澤之水綁住了卡蒂人;那每季一度的月亮幾乎才目睹這一切。如今他向那被兇猛哥特人所據的民眾與田地伸展他的行軍,那裡海洋被潮汐驅動,將其退落的洪流灑於加倫河耕耘的田地之上,海水湧入江河:那苦鹹的水漫過溫柔的溪流,那鹹浪衝擊過江河的溝道,為自己航行入一片本非其所屬的深淵。此時此地,正當他們為既定之戰鬆開韁繩之際,傳聞驟然遏止了西哥特貴族們的怒火,以匆促的公文報告:阿維圖斯如今正進入哥特人的居所,並暫且放下他職守的重擔,擔起了使節的職分。那些將領皆啞然無言,斯基泰的元老院也是如此,他們深恐他或許會拒絕給他們和平。
The Saxon's incursion ceases, and the Elbe with its marshy water binds the Chattian; and scarcely does the thrice-monthly moon behold all this. And now toward the peoples and fields held by the fierce Geta he stretched his march, where the Ocean, driven by the tide, scatters its ebbing flood over the tilled lands of the Garonne, the sea running into the river: the bitter brine climbs over the gentle streams, and the salt wave, dashed through the river's channel, sails for itself a deep foreign to it. Here now, as they loosed the reins for battle appointed, rumor suddenly checks the Visigothic nobles from their wrath, reporting in a hasty dispatch that Avitus was now entering the Getic homes, and, laying aside for a while the burden of his office, had taken up the duties of an envoy. The leaders were struck dumb alike, and the Scythian senate, and they feared lest perchance he should deny them their peace.
1:118
Sic rutilus Phaethonta levem cum carperet axis, Jam pallente die, flagrantique excita mundo Pax elementorum furcret, vel sicca propinquus Sæviret per stagna vapor, limusque sitiret Pulvereo ponti fundo ; tunc unica Phoebi Insuetum elemens exstinxit flamma calorem. 344 Hic aliquis tum forte Getes, dum falce recocla Ictibus informat, saxoque cacuminat ensem, Jam promptus caluisse tubis, jam jamque frequenti Caede sepulturus terram, non hoste sepulto, Claruit ut primum nomcn venientis Aviti, Exclamat : Periit bellum, date rursus aratra. Otia si replico priscæ bene nota quietis, Non semel iste mihi ferrum tulit: o pudor! o dii! Tantum posse fidem!
因此,當那赤紅的車軸載走輕捷的法厄同,白晝漸趨蒼白,元素的和平在燃燒的世界中被激起而狂暴,或那鄰近的蒸氣在乾涸的池沼上變得兇猛,泥沼在塵滿的海底乾渴——那時福玻斯一道奇異、不尋常的火焰熄滅了那熱氣。此時此地,偶有一個哥特人,正以他經火淬煉的鐮刀,以擊打塑形、在磨石上磨利他的劍,如今正待因號角而熱血沸騰,如今、如今正欲以頻頻的屠殺埋沒大地——卻非以被埋的敵人——那將臨的阿維圖斯之名一經閃現,他便高呼道:「戰爭已然消亡;把犁還回來罷。我若追想那我所熟知的昔日安寧之閒暇,這人已不止一次從我手中奪走刀劍:啊,羞恥!啊,眾神!信實竟有如此大的能力!」
So, when the ruddy axle bore off light Phaethon, the day now paling, and the peace of the elements raged, roused with the world ablaze, or the neighboring vapor grew savage over the dried pools, and the mud thirsted at the dusty bottom of the sea — then one strange, unwonted flame of Phoebus quenched the heat. Here by chance then some Geta, while with his fire-tempered sickle he shapes with blows and sharpens on the whetstone his sword, now ready to grow hot at the trumpets, now, now about to bury the earth with frequent slaughter — not with a buried foe — as soon as the name of the coming Avitus first shone forth, cries out: 'The war has perished; give back the ploughs again. If I recall the leisure of the old repose, well known to me, more than once has this man borne off the sword from me: O shame! O gods! that faith should have such power!'
1:119
quid fædera lenta minaris, In damnum mihi fide meum ? compendia pacis Et præstare jubes nos, ct debere : quis unquam Crederet? cn Cetici reos parere volentes, Inferius regnasse putant; nec dicere saltim Pacem fortis amas ; jam partcis sternit Avitus ; Insuper ct Geticas præmissus continel iras Messianus : adhuc mandasti, et ponimus arma. , Quid restat, quod posse velis? quod non sumus hostes, Parva reor ; prisco tu si mihi notus in actu es, Auxiliaris ero, vel sic pugnare licebit. Haec secum rigido Vcsus dum cordc volutat, Ventum in conspectum fuerat. Rex atque magister, Propter constitcrant; hic vultu erectus, at ille Laetitia erubuit, veniamque rubore poposcit.
你為何以這些遲緩的盟約相脅,損我而背我信義?你命我們既賜和平之條款、又須因此受恩——有誰會相信這種事?他們竟以為哥特人雖甘願如懇求者般臣服,卻只是以卑下者的身分為王;你甚至不屑說一句:「勇者啊,你愛好和平。」阿維圖斯已用寥寥數人擊倒仇敵;而先遣的墨西亞努斯更遏止了哥特人的怒火。如今你既已下令,我們便放下兵器。還有什麼是你所願的?我們不是你的敵人,我以為這算不得什麼;但你若早已在行動中認識我,我當作你的盟友,或至少如此便可以並肩作戰。」當維圖斯在剛毅的心中如此思量時,雙方已進入彼此的視線。王與統帥並肩而立;一人面容昂然挺立,另一人卻因喜悅而臉紅,並以那紅暈懇求寬恕。
Why do you threaten these sluggish treaties, to my own hurt and against my good faith? You bid us both grant terms of peace and be beholden for them—who would ever believe it? They suppose that the Getae, though willing to submit as suppliants, have reigned but as inferiors; you do not even deign to say, 'Brave one, you love peace.' Already Avitus lays the enemy low with a few men; and Messianus, sent ahead, moreover restrains the wrath of the Getae. Even now you have given the command, and we lay down our arms. What remains that you could still wish for? That we are not your foes I count a small thing; but if you had known me of old in action, I should be your ally, or thus at least it will be permitted to fight.' While Vetus turns these things over in his stern heart, they had come within sight of one another. King and general stood side by side; the one held himself erect in countenance, but the other blushed for joy, and by that blush begged pardon.
1:120
e Post hinc germano regis, hine rege retento, Palladiam implicitis manibus subiere Tolosam. Haud secus insertis ad pulvinaria palmis Romulus et Tatius foedus f jeccre, g parentum Cum ferro, et rabidis cognato in Marte maritis Hersilia inseruit Pallantis colle Sabinas. 345 h Interea incautam furtivis Vandalus armis Te capit, infidoque tibi Burgundio ductu Extorquet trepidas mactandi principis iras, Heu facinus ! in bella iterum, quartosque labores Perfida Elissæ crudescunt classica Byrsæe. i Nutritis quod tata malum ? Conscenderat arces Evandri Massyla phalanx, montesque Quirini Marmarici pressere pedes, rursusque revexit Quæ captiva dcdit quondam stipendia Barche.
此後,王之弟被扣於這一方、王本人被留於那一方,他們雙手緊握,進入了帕拉斯所護的圖盧茲。羅慕路斯與塔提烏斯締約時亦復如此:在聖榻之前雙掌相交——當時在親族的刀劍之間,暴怒的丈夫們與自己的親人交戰,赫爾西利亞把薩賓婦女帶上帕拉斯之丘。與此同時,非洲啊,汪達爾人以其暗襲之兵出其不意地攫取了你,而勃艮第人以其奸詐的引導,從你手中奪去那注定被屠戮之君王的顫慄怒火。唉,這罪孽!那不忠的號角,出自埃莉莎的比爾薩,再度為戰爭、為第四場苦難而狂暴起來。命運女神所滋養的是何等的禍患?馬西利亞方陣已攀上埃萬德的城堡,馬爾馬里克人的腳踏過了奎里努斯之丘,被擄的巴爾刻又一次帶回她昔日所繳的貢賦。
Thereafter, with the king's brother held on this side and the king himself on that, with clasped hands they entered Palladian Toulouse. Not otherwise, with palms joined before the sacred couches, did Romulus and Tatius make their treaty, when—amid their kinsmen's swords, and while the raging husbands warred against their own kin—Hersilia set the Sabine women on the hill of Pallas. Meanwhile, O Africa, the Vandal seizes you unawares by his stealthy arms, and the Burgundian by his treacherous leading wrests from you the trembling wrath of a prince marked for slaughter. Alas, the crime! Once more to war, and to a fourth ordeal, the faithless trumpets of Elissa's Byrsa grow savage. What evil do the Fates nourish? The Massylian phalanx had scaled the citadels of Evander, and Marmaric feet had trodden the hills of Quirinus, and once again did captive Barce bring back the tribute she had once paid.
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Exsilium patrum, plebis mala, principe cæso Captivum imperium ad Geticas rumor tulit aures. Luce nova veterum coetus de more Cetarum Contrahitur ; stat prisca annis, viridisque senectus Consiliis; squalent vestes, ac sordida macro Lintea pinguescunt tergo, nec tangere possunt Altateæ suram pelles, ac poplite nudo Peronem pauper nodus suspendit cquinum. Postquam in concilium seniorum venit honora Pauperies, pacisque simul rex verba poposcit: Dux ait: a Optassem patriis securus in arvis Emeritam fateor semper fovisse quietem, I. Ex quo b militiae post munia trina, superbum Praefecturae apicem quarto jam culmine rexi.
元老們的流放、百姓的苦難、君王的被殺、被擄入囚的帝國——這一切都由傳聞傳到哥特人的耳中。新的黎明時分,古代哥特人依其慣例召集了一次集會;那裡站著年高的長者,鬢髮蒼蒼卻在謀略上青壯;他們衣衫不整,粗麻布在瘦削的脊背上泛出油光;獸皮遮不到小腿,赤裸的膝上只用一個寒酸的結扣繫著馬皮靴。當受尊崇的貧窮進入長老們的議會、而王也同樣呼求和平之言後,那領袖開口說:「我坦白承認,我本願安穩地留在故鄉的田野中,永遠珍愛那來之不易的安寧——自從我在三度軍職之後,如今已在第四重高位上執掌了行政長官那尊貴的頂峰。」
The exile of the fathers, the woes of the people, the slaying of the prince, the empire led into captivity—rumor bore all this to Getic ears. At the new dawn an assembly of the ancient Getae is gathered after their custom; there stands old age, hoary with years yet green in counsel; their garments are unkempt, and the coarse linen grows greasy upon their lean backs; nor can their hides reach the calf, but around the bare knee a poor knot suspends the horsehide boot. After honored poverty came into the council of the elders, and the king likewise called for words of peace, the leader spoke: 'I could have wished, I confess, secure in my native fields, ever to have cherished a hard-won repose, ever since, after three terms of military service, I have now in a fourth height governed the proud pinnacle of the prefecture.'
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Sed dum me nostri princeps modo Maximus orbis Ignarum, absentem, procerum post mille repulsas, Ad lituos post jura vocat, voluitque sonoris Praeconem mutare tubis, promptissimus istud Arripui officium, vos quo legatus adirem. Fœdera prisca precor, quæ nunc meus ille teneret, Jussissem si forte, senex, cui semper Avitum 346 Sectari crevisse fuit; tractare solebam Res Geticas olim: scis te nescisse frequentet Quae suasi, nisi facta. Tamen fortuna priorem Abripuit geuium; periit quodcunque merebar, Cum genitore tuo c Narbonem labe solutum Ambierat (tu parvus eras), trepidantia cingens Millia, in infames jam jamque cocgerat escas;
但當我們世界的君主馬克西穆斯——我毫不知情、身在遠方、在貴族們千次拒絕之後——召我在民政職務之後前赴戰陣的號角,並願以嘹亮的軍號取代那傳令官時,我極其樂意地接下了這職務,好以使節的身分來到你這裡。我懇求那些舊有的盟約,老者啊,那些盟約若我當初這樣吩咐,我的那位君主如今本會遵守的——他自幼便以追隨阿維圖斯為己志。我從前慣於處理哥特事務;你知道我所建言的種種,若不付諸實行便一無所成。然而命運奪去了我昔日的才幹;我所掙得的一切都化為烏有,那時你父親——你當時還是個小孩——曾圍困因災禍而動搖的納爾榜,環繞那顫慄的千萬之眾,幾乎將他們逼至可憎的絕食;
But while Maximus, prince of our world, calls me—unwitting, absent, after a thousand refusals from the nobles—to the war-trumpets after civic office, and wished to change the herald for the resounding clarions, I most readily seized upon this office, that I might come to you as envoy. I beg for the old treaties, which that prince of mine would now be keeping, old man, had I perchance so bidden him—he whose growth it ever was to follow Avitus. I was wont of old to handle Getic affairs; you know how often those things I urged came to nothing unless done. Yet fortune snatched away my former genius; whatever I earned perished, when, with your father, Narbonne, worn down by disaster, he had beset—you were but a little child—girding the trembling thousands, and had already all but driven them to loathsome fare;
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Jam tristis propriæ credebat defore prædæ, Si clausus fortasse perit; cum nostra probavit Consilia, et refugo laxavit moenia bello. Teque ipsum (sunt ecce senes) hoc pectore fotum Hae flentem tenuere manus, si forsitan altrix Te mihi, cum nolles, lactandum tolleret. Ecce Advenio, et prisci repeto modo pignus amoris. Si tibi nulla fides, nulla est reverentia patris, 1 durus, pacemque nega. Prorumpit ab omni Murmur concilio: fremitusque et praelia damnans, Seditiosa Ciet concordem turba tumultum. I Tum rex effatur : d Dudum, dux inclyte, culpo Poscere te pacem nostram, cum cogere possis Servitium, trahere ac populos in bella sequaces Ne quaeso invidiam palrio mihi nomine inuras :
如今,他陰沉地相信,倘若被圍者或許喪命,他自己的獵物便會落空;那時他認可了我們的謀略,鬆開了城牆,撤回了退卻中的戰爭。而你本人——看哪,這裡有老人為證——曾被撫育在這胸懷之中:這雙手曾抱著哭泣的你,倘若你的乳母把不情願的你舉起交我哺乳。看哪,我來了,如今我再度懇求昔日情誼的信物。你若毫無信義、對父親毫無敬重——狠心的人啊——那就連和平也拒絕吧。」全體議會爆發出一陣騷動之聲:一群喧鬧的人群一面譴責這喧囂與紛爭,一面卻攪起了同聲的鼓譟。於是王開口說:「顯赫的領袖啊,我早就責怪你竟來求我們的和平,因為你本可強加奴役,並拖著追隨你的萬民入戰。我求你,不要以我祖先的名分把仇恨烙在我身上:」
Now, grimly, he believed his own prey would fail him, should the besieged perhaps perish; when he approved our counsels and slackened the walls, calling off the retreating war. And you yourself—there, behold, are old men—cherished at this breast: these hands held you weeping, if perchance your nurse should lift you to me for suckling, though you were unwilling. Behold, I come, and now I ask again the pledge of ancient love. If you have no faith, no reverence for a father—O hard one—then deny peace too.' From all the council a murmur bursts forth: and a seditious throng, condemning the uproar and strife, stirs up a concordant tumult. Then the king speaks: 'Long since, illustrious leader, I blame you for asking our peace, when you could compel servitude and drag the peoples as your followers into war. Do not, I pray, brand me with hatred by my ancestral name:'
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Quid mereor, si nulla jubes ? suadere sub illo Quod poteras, modo velle sat est, solumque moratur, Quod cupias, nescisse Getas: mihi Romula dudum Per te jura placent: parvumque ediscere jussit Ad tua verba pater, docili quo prisca Maronis Carmine molliret Scythicos mihi pagina mores. Jam pacem tum velle doces; sed percipe, quæ sit Conditio obsequii, forsan rata pacta probabis. 347 Testor, Roma, tuum nobis venerabile numen, Et socium de Marte genus, vel quidquid ab aevo, (Nil te mundus habet melius, nil ipsa senatu) Me pacem servare tibi, vel velle abolere Quae noster peccavit avus, quem fuscat id unum, Quod te, Roma, capit:
你若一無所命,我又有何功可言?從前在那位君主之下你所能勸說的,如今只要你願意便已足夠;唯一的延遲,只在於哥特人不曉得你所渴求的。羅馬的律法早已藉著你而使我喜悅;我父親在我還是個孩童時便命我學習你的言語,好讓那馴良的篇章以馬羅古老的詩歌陶冶我斯基泰式的習性。如今你教我願求和平;但請聽我順從的條件是什麼——或許你會認可這些既定的協議。我呼羅馬為證,呼你那受我們敬奉的神性、呼你那藉戰神而結盟的族類、以及自古以來的一切(世上沒有比你更美好的,也沒有比元老院本身更尊貴的)——我要與你保持和平,或願消除我們祖父所犯的罪,那使他蒙羞的唯一一事,便是他曾擄掠了你,羅馬。
What do I deserve, if you command nothing? What under him you could persuade, now merely to wish it is enough; and the only delay is that the Getae did not know what you desire. To me long since Rome's laws have been pleasing through you; and my father bade me while yet a boy to learn to your words, that with the ancient song of Maro the docile page might soften my Scythian manners. Now you teach me to wish for peace; but hear what shall be the condition of my compliance—perhaps you will approve the terms as ratified. I call to witness, Rome, your godhead venerable to us, and your race allied through Mars, and whatever from of old (the world holds nothing better than you, nothing than the Senate itself)—that I keep peace with you, or wish to abolish what our grandfather sinned, whom this one thing darkens: that he took you, Rome, captive.
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sed dii si vota secundant, Excidii veteris crimen purgare valebit Ultio præsentis, si tu, dux inclyte, solum Augusti subeas nomen. Quid lumina flectis ? Invitum plus esse decet; non cogimus istud, Sed contestamur. Romæ sum te duce amicus, Principe te miles ; regnum non prreripis ulli, Nec quisquam Latias Augustus possidet arces: Qua vacat aula, tua est: testor, non sufficit istud Ne noceam, atque tuo hoc utinam diademate fiat Ut prosim! suadere meum est, nam alia si te Compulerit, quae jure potest, tibi pareat orbis, Ne pereat. Dixit, pariterque in verba pelta Dat sanctam cum fratre fidem. e Discedis, Avite Mœstus, qui Gallos scires non posse latere, Quid possint servire Getae te principe ;
但諸神若成全我的誓願,當下的報復必能洗淨那古老傾覆的罪愆——只要你,顯赫的領袖,肯獨自承擔奧古斯都之名。你為何轉開目光?你雖不情願,理應成為比現今更高的人;我們並不強迫此事,只是鄭重地力勸。有你為領袖,我便是羅馬之友;有你為君王,我便是士兵;你並未從任何人手中奪取王國,也沒有哪位奧古斯都據有拉丁的城堡:那空著的宮廷,就是你的。我起誓,僅僅不加害於你並不足夠;但願藉著你這冠冕,我竟能行善!勸說是我分內之事;因為倘若另一種緣由——如它按理所能——迫使你,那就讓世界順服你,免得它滅亡。」他說完,便與其弟一同在盾牌之上以言語立下神聖的誓約。阿維圖斯,你憂傷地離去,你深知高盧人無法隱藏,也深知有你為君王時哥特人所能效力的是什麼;
But if the gods second my vows, the vengeance of the present shall avail to purge the guilt of that ancient overthrow, if you, illustrious leader, will take upon yourself alone the name of Augustus. Why do you turn away your eyes? It befits you, though unwilling, to be more than you are; we do not compel this, but we solemnly urge it. Under you as leader I am Rome's friend, under you as prince a soldier; you snatch a kingdom from no one, nor does any Augustus possess the Latin citadels: where the court is empty, it is yours. I swear, this does not suffice—that I do you no harm; and would that by this diadem of yours it might come to pass that I do good! To persuade is mine; for if another cause should compel you, as by right it can, let the world obey you, that it may not perish.' He spoke, and together with his brother upon the shield he gives holy pledge in words. You depart, Avitus, in sorrow, you who knew the Gauls could not lie hidden, and what the Getae could serve with you as prince;
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namque Civibus ut patuit trepidis, te foedera ferre, Occurrunt alacres, ignaroque ante tribunal Sternunt: utque salis sibimet numerosa coisse Nobilitas visa est, quam f saxa nivalia Cotti Despectant, variis nec non quam partibus ambit Tyrrheni Rhenique liquor, vel longa g Pyrenei Quam juga ab Hispano seclusam jure coercent, Aggreditur nimiocurarum pondere tristem Gaudens turba virum; procerum tum maximus unus, C348 Dignus qui patriæ personam sumeret, infi Quam nos per varios dudum fortuna labores, Principe sub puero, laceris terat aspera rebus. Fors longum, dux magne, queri, cum quippe dolentum Maxima pars fueris, patriae dum vulnera lugen Sollicitudinibus vehementibus exagitaris.
因為當顫慄的公民們看清你正帶來盟約時,他們熱切地跑來迎接你,並在裁判席前——渾然不覺地——俯伏在你面前。當眾多貴族似乎自行聚集——那貴族之上有科提烏斯的積雪峭壁俯瞰,有第勒尼安海與萊茵河的流水從各方環繞,又有庇里牛斯的綿長山脊將其與西班牙的轄地隔開而圍攏——一群人歡欣地走向這位因層層憂慮的重壓而悲傷的人;於是有一位貴族中最尊者、堪當代表祖國之人,開口說:「那祖國,長久以來命運藉著種種艱辛、在一位孩童君王之下將她磨損,使她在破碎的境遇中飽受艱苦。偉大的領袖啊,訴苦或許太過冗長,因為你確實是這悲傷者中最主要的一位,當你哀悼祖國的創傷、被劇烈的焦慮所驅迫之時。」
for when it became plain to the trembling citizens that you were bringing treaties, they run to meet you eagerly, and before the tribunal they prostrate themselves before you, all unaware. And when it seemed that a numerous nobility had assembled by itself—that nobility upon which the snowy crags of Cottius look down, which the waters of the Tyrrhene and the Rhine surround on diverse sides, or which the long ridges of the Pyrenees hem in, sundered from Spanish jurisdiction—a throng, rejoicing, approaches the man grieved by the overwhelming weight of his cares; and then one, the greatest of the nobles, worthy to take upon himself the person of his country, begins: 'That country which for a long while now fortune, through varied toils, under a boy-prince, wears down, harsh in her tattered fortunes. Perhaps it is long to complain, great leader, since indeed you were the greatest part of the grieving, while you mourn your country's wounds and are driven by vehement anxieties.'
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Has nobis inter clades ac funera mundi, Mors vixisse fuit; sed dum jcr verba parentum Ignavas colimus leges, sanctumque putamus Rem veterem per damna sequi: portavimus umbram Imperii, generis contenti ferre vetusti Et vitia, ac solitam vestiri murice gentem More magis quam jure pati; promptissima nuper Fulsit conditio, proprias qua Gallia vires Exsereret, trepidam dum Maximus occupat urbem, Imo orbem potuit, si te sibi tota magistro Regna reformasset. Quis nostrum Belgica rura, Littus Aremorici, Geticas quis moverit iras, Non latet; his tantis tibi cessimus, inclyte, bellis. Nunc jam summa vocant; dubio sub tempore regnum Non regit ignavus:
在世界的這些災難與死亡之中,我們的活著無異於死去;但當我們依從先祖之言,珍守那怯懦的律法,並以為透過我們的損失追隨古舊之制乃是神聖之事時,我們所承擔的不過是帝國的陰影,甘於忍受古老門第的種種惡習,甘於眼看一個民族披著慣常的紫袍,與其說是按權利、不如說是照習俗。近日有一個極其現成的良機閃現,藉此高盧本可施展她自身的力量——當馬克西穆斯攫取那顫慄之城時;不,倘若她以你為主宰而重整她全部的疆域,她本可攫取整個世界。是誰為我們攪動了比利時的鄉野、亞摩里卡的海岸,是誰攪動了哥特人的怒火——這並非祕密;在這些如此重大的戰爭中,我們向你俯首,顯赫者啊。如今至高的事務在召喚;在危疑之際,懦夫無法治理疆域:
Amid these disasters and the deaths of the world, for us to have lived was to die; but while, according to the words of our fathers, we cherish spineless laws and think it holy to pursue the ancient order through our losses, we have borne but the shadow of empire, content to bear the vices of an ancient stock and to see a nation clothed in the wonted purple more by custom than by right. Lately a most ready opportunity shone forth, whereby Gaul might put forth her own strength, while Maximus seized the trembling city—nay, could have seized the world, had she reformed her whole realm with you as her master. Who has stirred up the Belgic countryside for us, the shore of Armorica, who the Getic wrath—that is no secret; in these so great wars we yielded to you, illustrious one. Now the highest matters call; in a doubtful season a coward does not govern the realm:
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postponilurambitus omnis, Ultima cuin claros quaerunt: post damna Ticini Ac Trebiae trepidans raptim respublica venit Ad Fabium,Cannas celebres Yarrone fugato, Scipiadumque etiam turgentem funere Poenum Livius electus fregit; captivus, ut aiunt, Orbis in Urbe jacet, princeps perit, hic caput omne Nunc habet imperium; petimus, conscende tribunal, Erige co'lapsos; non hoc modo tempora poscunt, Ut Romam plus alter amet: ne forte reare 349 Teregno non esse parem; cum Brennica signa Tarpeium premerent, scis, tum respublica nostra Tota Camillus erat, patriae qui debitus ultor Texit fumantes hostili strage favillas.
當最後的絕境求索顯赫之士時,一切野心都當擱置。在提基努斯與特雷比亞之敗後,顫慄的共和國急奔向法比烏斯;在著名的坎尼之後——瓦羅潰逃、迦太基人仍因西庇阿家族之喪而志得意滿——被選中的利維烏斯擊潰了他。他們說,被擄的世界躺臥在城中;君王殞歿——如今唯有這一事握有帝國的全部權柄。我們懇求你:登上裁判席,扶起跌倒的人!時勢所要求的並非要另一人更愛羅馬;免得你或許以為自己不配為王——當布倫努斯的軍旗壓向塔爾佩烏斯岩時,你知道,那時我們整個共和國就是卡米盧斯,他作為祖國應得的復仇者,庇護了那從敵人屠戮中冒煙的餘燼。
all ambition is set aside, when the last extremities seek out illustrious men. After the losses of Ticinus and Trebia the trembling republic came in haste to Fabius; after famous Cannae, with Varro put to flight, and the Carthaginian still swelling with the funeral of the Scipios, chosen Livius broke him. The captive world, they say, lies in the City; the prince perishes—this one thing now holds all sway of empire. We beg you: mount the tribunal, raise up the fallen! It is not thus that the times demand another should love Rome more; lest perchance you think yourself unequal to rule—when the standards of Brennus pressed the Tarpeian rock, you know, then our whole republic was Camillus, who, owed to his country as her avenger, sheltered the smoking embers from the enemy's slaughter.
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Non tibi centurias aurum populare paravit, Nec modo venales numerosoque asse redemptæ Concurrunt ad puncta tribus: suffragia mundi Nullusemit; pauper legeris, quod sufficit unum, Es meritis dives: patriae cur vota moraris, Quae jubet, utjubeas? haec est sententia cunctis, Si dominus fis, liber ero. Fragor atria complet a Ugerni, quo forte loco pia turba, senatus Detulerat vim, vota, preces. Locus, hora diesque Dicitur imperio felix; ac protinus illic Nobilium excubias gaudens sollertia mandat. Tertia lux refugis Hyperiona fuilerat astris : Concurrunt proceres, ac milite circumfuso b Aggere composito statuunt, ac torque coronant Castrensi mœstum, donantque insignia regni.
沒有民眾的金錢為你買下百人團,也沒有以許多錢幣賄賂的部族奔向投票的標記:無人收購了世界的選票;你雖貧窮卻被選中——那唯一足夠之事,便是你在功德上富足。你為何延宕祖國的誓願?它命令你去發號施令。這是眾人一致的判詞:「你若成為我們的主,我便自由了。」喧聲充滿了於格爾農的殿堂,那忠誠的人群、那元老院,恰巧在此匯聚了它的力量、誓願與祈求。這地點、時辰與日子都被宣告為對帝國蒙福;隨即,歡欣的勤勉在那裡分派貴族們的守衛。第三個黎明已把許珀里翁帶回那退隱的群星之間:貴族們奔相聚集,士兵環繞四周,在一座高築的土台上立起他,並以軍營的頸環為這憂傷之人加冕,賜予他王權的徽記。
No popular gold procured you the centuries, nor do venal tribes, bought with many a coin, run together to the voting-marks: no one has purchased the world's suffrages; you are chosen though poor—that one thing which suffices, you are rich in merits. Why do you delay your country's vows, which command that you should command? This is the sentence of all: 'If you become our lord, I shall be free.' A din fills the halls of Ugernum, where by chance the loyal throng, the senate, had brought its force, its vows, its prayers. The place, the hour, and the day are declared blessed for empire; and forthwith there rejoicing diligence assigns the watches of the nobles. The third dawn had brought back Hyperion to the fleeing stars: the nobles run together, and with the soldiery poured round about, upon a raised mound they set him up, and with the camp-torque they crown the sorrowful man, and bestow on him the insignia of royal power.
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Jam prius induerat solas de principe curas. Haud alio quondam vultu Tirynthius heros Pondera suscepit coeli, simul atque novercae, Cum Libyca se rupe Gigas subduceret, et cum Tutior Herculeo sedisset machina dorso. Hunc tibi, Roma, dedi, patulis dum Gallia campis Intonat Augustum plausu, faustumque fragorem Portat in exsanguem Boreas jam fortior Austrum ; Hic tibi restituet Libyen per vincula quarta. Et cujus solum amissas post saecula multa c Pannonias revocavit iter, jam credere promptum est, 350 Quid faciet bellis : o quas tibi saepe jugabit Inflictis gentes aquilis qui maxima regni Omina privatus fugit, cum forte vianti Excuteret praepes plebeium motus amictum.
在此之前他已然只披上君王的憂慮。當年提林斯的英雄擔起蒼天的重負時,面容也不曾有異——正在那巨人從利比亞峭壁上把自己撐起、而世界那更為穩固的機器安落在赫拉克勒斯背上的一刻。羅馬啊,這人我已賜給你,當高盧在她廣袤的平原上以喝采雷鳴著「奧古斯都」,而如今更強勁的北風把那吉兆的轟鳴送向那無血色的南風之時;他必藉第四道枷鎖為你重奪利比亞。而論到他,其行程在多少世代之後喚回了久失的潘諾尼亞,如今不難相信他在戰爭中將有何等作為:啊,他必屢屢為你降服萬國,把鷹旗加於其上——他雖是平民卻曾逃避王權至大的預兆,那時他行路之際,一隻疾飛之鳥恰巧抖落了他那平民的斗篷。
Already before this he had put on cares of the prince alone. With no other countenance did the Tirynthian hero once take up the burdens of heaven, at the very moment when the Giant was raising himself from the Libyan crag, and when the more secure machine of the world had settled upon Hercules' back. This man I have given to you, O Rome, while Gaul over her broad plains thunders 'Augustus' with applause, and the North wind, now stronger, bears the auspicious roar upon the bloodless South wind; he shall restore to you Libya by a fourth chain of bondage. And of him, whose very journey recalled the long-lost Pannonias after many ages, it is now easy to believe what he shall do in wars: O how often shall he yoke nations to you, the eagles once inflicted—he who, though a private man, fled the greatest omens of kingship, when by chance, as he went, a swift bird shook off his plebeian cloak.
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Laetior at tanto modo principe, prisca deorum Roma parens, attolle genas, ac turpe veternum Depone: en princeps faciet juvenescere major, Quam pueri fecere senem. Finem pater ore Vix dederat, plausere dii, fremitusque cucurrit Concilio : felix tempus nevere Sorores Imperiis, Auguste, tuis, et consulis anno Fulva volubilibus duxerunt saecula pensis. CARMEN VIII. EDITIO PANEGYRICI d AD PRISCUM VALERIANUM PBÆFECTORIUM. Prisce, decus semper nostrum, cui principc Avito Cognatum sociat purpura celsa genus, Ad tua cum nostrae currant examina nugæ, Dico, state, vagae, quo properatis? amat. Districtus semper censor qui diligit exstat :
如今為這樣一位偉大君王而歡欣吧,古老的羅馬,諸神之母,抬起你的雙頰,卸下你可恥的沉睡:看哪,一位年長的君王必使你重返青春,勝過那些少年使你衰老。那位父親話音方落,諸神便鼓掌,議會中傳過一陣低語。命運三姊妹已為你的統治紡出幸福的時光,奧古斯都啊,並在你執政官之年,以她們旋轉的紗錘織出黃金之世。詩篇八。《頌詞》之刊行,致前任總督普里斯庫斯‧瓦勒里亞努斯。普里斯庫斯,我們永久的榮耀,藉阿維圖斯為君王,那崇高的紫袍將同宗之族與你相連,既然我這些拙作如今奔向你的審視,我便說:「站住,你們這些流浪者!你們急奔何處?」他喜愛它們。那嚴格的督察官,若心存喜愛,便總是苛求:
But rejoicing now in so great a prince, O ancient Rome, parent of the gods, lift up your cheeks, and lay aside your shameful lethargy: behold, a prince as elder shall make you grow young again, more than the boys made you old. Scarcely had the father made an end with his lips, when the gods applauded, and a murmur ran through the council. The Sisters have spun a happy time for your rule, O Augustus, and in the year of your consulship have drawn out golden ages with their whirling weights. POEM VIII. PUBLICATION OF THE PANEGYRIC, TO PRISCUS VALERIANUS THE EX-PREFECT. Priscus, our glory ever, to whom—by Avitus as prince—the lofty purple joins a kindred stock, since to your examination our trifles now run, I say: 'Stand, ye vagrant ones! Whither do you hasten?' He loves them. The strict censor who loves proves ever exacting:
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Dura fronte legit mollis amicilia, Nil vatum prodest adjectum laudibus illud, Ulpia quod rutilat porticus ære meo Vel quod adhuc populo simul et plaudente senalu, Ad nostrum reboat concava Roma sopbos. Respondent illae : Properabimus, ibimus, et nos C Non retines: tanto judice culpa placet. 351 Cognitor hoc nullus melior, bene carmina [pensat, Contemptu tardo, judicio celeri, Et quia non potui temeraria sistere verba, Haec rogo ne dubites lecta dicare rogo. CARMEN IX. c EXCUSATORIUM AD V. C. FELICEM. Largam Sollius hanc Apollinaris Felici domino, pioque fratri, Dicit Sidonius suus salutem.
溫和的友誼卻以嚴峻的眉宇讀之。詩人們毫無所得,縱使在他們的頌讚上添了這一句:烏爾皮亞柱廊因我的銅像而泛出赤光,或縱使如今在百姓與元老院一同喝采之下,空曠的羅馬向我的作品回響著「好啊」。它們如此回答:「我們必匆匆前去,你也留不住我們:在這樣一位裁判者面前,過失反倒討喜。沒有比他更懂行的鑑賞者;他善於衡量詩篇,遲於輕蔑,速於判斷;因我無法遏制那魯莽的言辭,我便求這一事:請勿遲疑,把讀過的獻上吧。」詩篇九。致尊貴的斐利克斯,以自辯。這慷慨的問候,索利烏斯‧阿波利納里斯——即他自己的西多尼烏斯——致上給斐利克斯主人與虔敬的弟兄。
gentle friendship reads with stern brow. Nothing profits the bards, that thing added to their praises, that the Ulpian portico glows ruddy with my bronze, or that even now, with people and senate applauding together, hollow Rome re-echoes 'bravo' to my work. They answer thus: 'We shall hasten, we shall go, and you do not detain us: before so great a judge the fault finds favor. No knower is better than he; well he weighs the songs, slow in contempt, swift in judgment; and because I could not check the rash words, this I ask: do not hesitate to dedicate what has been read.' POEM IX. IN EXCUSE, TO THE DISTINGUISHED FELIX. This generous greeting Sollius Apollinaris—Sidonius, his own—sends to lord Felix and to a pious brother.
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Die, die quod peto, Magne, die amabo, Felix nomine, mente, honore, fama, N atis, a conjuge, fratribus, parentc, Germanis genitoris atque matris, Et b summo patruelium Camillo, Quid nugas temerarias amici, Quas sparsit tenerae jocus juventæ, In formam redigi jubcs libelli? Ingentem simul et repente fascem Conflari invidiæ, et perire chartam? Mandatis famulor, sed ante testor, Lector quas patieris hic salebras. NoR nos currimus aggerem vetustum, Nec quidquam invenics, ubi priorum Antiquas lcrat orbitas Thalia. Non hic antipodas, salumque rubrum, 352 Non hic Memnonios canemus Indas, Auroræ face civica perustos :
告訴我,告訴我我所求問的,馬格努斯,我求你告訴我——名為斐利克斯,心亦幸福,在尊榮、在名聲、在子女、在妻子、在兄弟、在雙親、在你父母兩系的親族、以及在你表兄弟中最高的卡米盧斯身上,你都是有福的:你為何要命一個朋友的魯莽拙作——那些嫩弱少年的戲謔所散布的——收攏成一本小書的形式?使一大捆嫉恨頓時驟然堆積,讓紙張白白毀去?我在你的吩咐下作僕;但我先要作證,讀者啊,你在此將忍受的種種崎嶇。我們不走那條古老的大道,你也不會在繆斯循著前人古舊車轍之處尋見任何東西。我們不在此歌詠地球另一端與紅海,不歌詠那被黎明的都市火炬所炙烤的墨姆農印度人:
Tell me, tell me what I ask, Magnus, tell me, I pray, Felix in name, in mind, in honor, in fame, in children, in wife, in brothers, in parents, in the kinsmen of your father and of your mother, and in Camillus, highest of your cousins: why do you bid the rash trifles of a friend—which the jest of tender youth scattered abroad—be reduced into the form of a little book? That a huge bundle of ill-will be at once and suddenly heaped up, and the paper perish? I am your servant in your commands; but first I bear witness, reader, to the rough spots you will suffer here. We do not run the old highway, nor will you find anything where the Muse traces the ancient wheel-ruts of the ancients. Not here shall we sing of the antipodes and the Red Sea, not here of the Memnonian Indians, scorched by the civic torch of Dawn:
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Non Artaxata, Susa, Bactra, Carrhas, Non coctam Babylona personabo, Quae largum fluvio patens aluinno, Inclusum bibit c hinc et indc Tigrim. Non hic Assyriis Ninum priorem, Non Mcdis caput Arbacem profabor : Nec quam divite, cum refugit hostem, Arsit Sardanapalus in favilla. Non Gyrum Astyagis loquar nepotem, Nutritum ubere quem ferunt canino, Cujus non valuit rapacitatem Vel Lydi satiare gaza Croesi: Cujus nec feritas subacta tunc est, Caesis millibus ante cum ducentis. in vallis Scythicæ coactus artum, Orbatæ ad Tomyris veniret utrem. Non hic Cecropios leges triumphos, Vel si quo Marathon rubet duello; Aut cum millia mille concitarent Inflatum numerositate Xerxen;
不歌詠阿爾塔克薩塔、蘇薩、巴克特拉、卡爾萊;我也不將高聲頌那燒製精良的巴比倫,它向那哺育它的河流敞開,兩側暢飲那被圍住的底格里斯。我不在此提說比亞述人更古老的尼努斯,也不提米底人的首領阿爾巴刻斯:更不提那雖富有卻在逃避仇敵時把自己焚為灰燼的薩爾達那帕路斯。我不將講述阿斯提阿革斯之孫居魯士,據說他曾被母狗之乳所哺育;他的貪婪連呂底亞克羅伊斯的財寶也無法饜足;他的凶暴當時尚未被制伏,直到他——先屠戮了二十萬人——被困在斯基泰山谷的隘口,來到痛失愛子的托米麗斯那盛滿的酒囊之前。你不會在此讀到刻克洛普斯的凱旋,或馬拉松因戰鬥而泛紅之處;也讀不到那時千千萬萬之眾鼓動起薛西斯,他因其眾多而志得意滿;
Not Artaxata, Susa, Bactra, Carrhae; not shall I resound of well-baked Babylon, which, opening wide to its foster-river, drinks the enclosed Tigris on this side and on that. Not here shall I speak of Ninus, older than the Assyrians, nor of Arbaces, chief of the Medes: nor of him who—rich as he was, when he fled his foe—burned to ashes, Sardanapalus. Not shall I tell of Cyrus, grandson of Astyages, whom they say was nursed at a dog's teat; whose greed not even the treasure of Lydian Croesus could sate; whose ferocity was then not yet subdued, when—two hundred thousand slain before—hemmed in the narrows of a Scythian valley, he came to the wineskin of bereaved Tomyris. Not here shall you read of the Cecropian triumphs, or wherever Marathon grows red with battle; or when a thousand thousands roused up Xerxes, puffed up with his numerousness;
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Atque hunc fluminibus salis profundis Confestim ebibitis adhuc sitisse ; Nec non Thermopylas, et Hellis undas, Spretis obicibus soli salique, Insanis equitasse cum catervis, Admissoque in Athon tumente ponto Juxta frondiferæ cacumen alpis Scalptas classibus isse pcr cavernas. 353 Non prolem Garamantici tonantis, I Regnis principibusque principantem, Porrectas Asiæ loquar d paterno Actam fulmine pervolasse terras. Et primum Darii tumultuantes Prærectos satrapasque perculisse : Mox ipsum solio patrum snperbum, . Cognatosque sibi deos crepantem, . Captis conjuge, liberis, parente, . In casus hominis redire jussum.
以及這人,當那深邃的鹹水河流即刻被汲乾時,卻仍焦渴;也讀不到溫泉關與赫勒之波濤,那時他——蔑視陸與海的屏障——率狂暴的騎隊馳騁,令海水漲溢、經阿托斯而通行,越過那生葉的高山之巔,穿行過為他艦隊鑿開的洞窟。我不將講述那加拉曼提克雷神之子,他統治諸王國與君王,如何飛越亞細亞之地、被他父親的閃電所伸展;先是如何擊潰大流士那喧擾的行省長官與總督:繼而那人本身,高踞祖傳寶座、狂言諸神為其親族,卻在妻、兒、父母被擄之後,被命回歸凡人之命運。
and how this man, when the deep salt rivers were drained straightway, thirsted still; nor Thermopylae, and the waves of Helle, when—the barriers of land and sea despised—he rode with mad squadrons, and, the sea swelling admitted through Athos, past the summit of the leaf-bearing Alp, went through caverns carved out for his fleets. Not shall I speak of the offspring of the Garamantic Thunderer, ruling over realms and princes, how he flew across the lands of Asia, stretched out by his father's lightning; and first how he crushed the tumultuous prefects and satraps of Darius: then how the man himself, proud upon his fathers' throne and blustering that gods were his kindred, was—with wife, children, parent taken captive—bidden return to the lot of a mortal man.
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Qui cum maxima bella concitasset, Tota et Persidis undique gregatæ I , i » Uno constituisset arma campo, I Hoc solum perhibetur assecutus, Dormire ut melius liberet hosti. c Non vectos Minyas loquente silva Dicam Phasiaco stetisse portu, Forma percita cum ducis Pelasgi Molliret rabidos virago tauros, Nec tum territa, cum suus colonus, Pos' anguis domiti satos molares, Armatas tremebundus inter herbas, Florcre in segetem stuperet hostem Et pugnantibus hinc et hiuc aristis, Supra belliferas madere glebas, Culmosos viridi crnorc fratres.
他既激起了最大的戰爭,又把全波斯的兵器——從各方聚集——擺列在一個戰場之上,據說卻只達成了這一件事:讓仇敵得以更安然地沉睡。我也不將講述那些彌尼亞人,被一片會說話的樹木載著,如何佇立在法西斯港;那時佩拉斯吉人的領袖被美色所擊,那位女英雄少女馴服了狂暴的公牛;也不講述她當時如何毫不畏懼,當她自己所播種的居民——在馴服之龍的臼齒被撒下之後——在武裝的草叢中顫抖,驚愕地見仇敵綻放成禾稼,見麥穗此起彼落地交戰,見那覆滿麥莖的兄弟們在滿載戰爭的泥塊之上被青綠的血漿浸濕。
Who, when he had stirred up the greatest wars, and had set the arms of all Persia—gathered from every side—upon a single field, is reported to have attained this alone: that the foe might more freely sleep. Nor shall I tell how the Minyae, borne along by a speaking wood, stood in the Phasian harbor, when—the leader of the Pelasgi being smitten by beauty—the heroine-maid softened the raging bulls; nor how she was not then terrified when her own settler, after the sown molar-teeth of the tamed serpent, trembling amid the armed grasses, stood aghast that the foe blossomed into a crop, and, with ears of grain warring here and there, that above the war-bearing clods the culm-clad brothers grew wet with green gore.
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Non hic terrigenam loquar cohortem, Admixto mage vividam veneno, Cui præter speciem modo carentem, Angues corporibus voluminosis 354 Alte squamea crura porrigentes, In vestigia fauce desinebant. Sic a formæ triplicis procax juventus, Tellurem pede proterens voraci, Currebat capitum stupenda gressu ; Et cum classica numinum sonabant, v Mox contra tonitrus rcsibilante Audebat superos ciere planta. Nec Phlegrx legis ampliata rura, Missi dum volitant per astra montes, Pindus, Pelion, Ossa, Olympus, Othris, Cum silvis, gregibus, feris, pruinis, Saxis, fontibus, oppidis, levati Vibrantrum spatiosiore dextra.
我不在此講述那地生的軍隊,因摻入的毒液而更顯凶悍,它們——除了如今所缺的形貌之外——生著蛇軀,從盤曲龐大的身體伸出鱗片覆蓋的腿,在本該是腳的地方以巨口作結。於是那三重形貌的狂放少年,以吞噬萬物之足踐踏大地,以其頭部驚人的步態奔馳;當眾神的號角鳴響時,它們隨即以嘶嘶之聲回擊那雷霆,竟敢以腳掌向上界之神挑釁。你也不會讀到弗勒格拉那擴張的原野,那時群山被拋擲、掠過群星——品都斯、佩利翁、俄薩、奧林匹斯、俄特里斯——連同它們的樹林、羊群、野獸、寒霜、岩石、泉源與城鎮,被那些顫動巨人更為寬闊的右手所舉起。
Not here shall I speak of the earth-born cohort, made the more lively by admixed venom, which—besides a shape now lacking—had snakes that, extending their scaly legs from voluminous bodies, ended in a maw where the feet should be. Thus the wanton youth of triple form, trampling the earth with devouring foot, ran with the wondrous gait of their heads; and when the trumpets of the divinities sounded, soon, hissing back against the thunder, they dared to summon the gods above with their sole. Nor shall you read of the enlarged fields of Phlegra, when mountains, hurled, flit through the stars—Pindus, Pelion, Ossa, Olympus, Othrys—with their woods, flocks, wild beasts, hoarfrosts, rocks, springs, and towns, lifted by the more spacious right hand of the quivering giants.
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b Non hic Herculis excolam labores, Cui sus, cerva, leo, gigas, Amazon, Hospes, taurus, Eryx, aves, Lycus, fur, Nessus, Libs, juga, poma, virgo, serpens, ' Ceto, Thraces equi, boves Iberæ, Luctator fluvius, canis triformis, Portatusque polus polum dedcrunt. Non hic Elida nobilem quadrigis, « Nec notam minus amnis ex amore Versu prosequar, ut per ima ponti ' Alpheus fluat, atque transmarina In fluctus cadat unda conjugales. Non hic Tantaleam domum retexam, Qua mixtum Pelopea per parentem est Prolis facta soror, novoque monstro Infamem genuit pater nepotem. 355 Nil moestum hic canitur;
我不在此停留於赫拉克勒斯的勞苦,那野豬、母鹿、獅子、巨人、亞馬遜女戰士、東道主、公牛、埃里克斯、群鳥、呂科斯、盜賊、涅索斯、利比亞人、群山、金蘋果、少女、巨蛇、刻托、色雷斯的馬、伊比利亞的牛、角力的河神、三形之犬,以及那被扛起的蒼穹——都曾把一根天柱交給他。我不在此以詩歌追述以四馬戰車聞名的埃利斯,也不追述那因愛情而同樣著名的河流——阿爾甫斯如何穿過海底流淌,越過波濤墜入那婚姻之波。我不在此拆解坦塔羅斯之家,在那裡——藉著佩洛普斯這位親長——姊妹與後裔混合為一,父親以一種新的怪異生下了一個聲名狼藉的孫子。此處不歌詠任何哀傷之事;
Not here shall I dwell upon the labors of Hercules, to whom the boar, the hind, the lion, the giant, the Amazon, the host, the bull, Eryx, the birds, Lycus, the thief, Nessus, the Libyan, the mountains, the apples, the maiden, the serpent, Ceto, the Thracian horses, the Iberian oxen, the wrestler-river, the three-formed dog, and the borne-up pole gave a pole. Not here shall I follow in verse Elis, noble for her four-horse teams, nor the river no less famous for love—how through the depths of the sea Alpheus flows, and beyond the waves falls into the conjugal wave. Not here shall I unravel the house of Tantalus, wherein—through the Pelopian parent—the sister was made mingled with the offspring, and by a new monstrosity the father begot an infamous grandson. Nothing mournful is sung here;
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nec esculentam Fletus pangimus ad dapcm Thyestæ, Fratris crimine qui miser roratis Vivum pignoribus fuit sepulcrum : Cum post has cpulas repente flexis Titan curribus occidens ad ortum, Convivam fugcret, diem fugaret. Nec Phryx pastor erit tibi legendus, Decrescens cui Dindymon reciso Fertur vertice tcxuissc classem ; Cum jussu Veneris patrocinantis Terras Ochalias, et hospitales Haptor dcpopulatus est Amyclas, Prædam trans pelagus petens sequacem. Scd nec Pergama, nec decennc bellum. Nec sxvas Agamemnonis phalangas : Nec perjuria persequar Sinonis, Arx quo Palladio dicata signo, Pellaci reserata proditore, Portantem pedites equum recepit.
我們也不為梯厄斯忒斯那盛滿血肉的筵席作哀歌——那可憐人因其兄弟的罪行,成了自己兒女、被血澆灑的活墳墓:當這些宴席過後,太陽神隨即掉轉他的車駕,西沉之際卻朝向日出逃去,好躲避那賓客、驅逐那白晝。你也不必讀那弗里吉亞牧人,據說被剃去山頂的丁迪蒙為他編織了一支艦隊;當他——在庇護的維納斯之命下——洗劫俄卡利亞之地與好客的阿密克萊,越海追求他的獵物、那緊隨其後的擄物。但無論是佩爾伽馬、還是那十年之戰、還是阿伽門農凶暴的方陣;我也不追究西農的種種偽誓,藉此那座奉獻給帕拉斯神像的城堡,被那奸詐的叛徒開啟,接納了那載著步兵於腹中的木馬。
nor do we compose lamentations over the flesh-laden feast of Thyestes—that wretch who, by his brother's crime, became the living sepulcher of his own children, sprinkled with their gore: when, after these banquets, the Sun-god straightway turned his chariot and, setting, fled toward the sunrise, that he might flee the guest and put the day to flight. Nor is the Phrygian shepherd to be read of by you, for whom, they say, shorn Dindymon, its summit cut, wove a fleet; when—at the bidding of protecting Venus—he laid waste the Oechalian lands and the hospitable Amyclae, seeking his prey, a pursuing plunder, across the sea. But neither Pergama, nor the ten-years' war, nor the savage phalanxes of Agamemnon; nor shall I pursue the perjuries of Sinon, whereby the citadel, dedicated to the Palladian emblem, unlocked by the treacherous betrayer, received the horse that bore footmen within.
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Non hic Mæoniæ stylo camenae, d Civis Dulicliiique Tbessalique Virtutem sapentiamque narro. Quorum hic Peliaço putatur antro, Venatu, fidibus, palæstra et herbis, Sub Saturnigena sene institutus. Dum nunc lustra terens puer ferarum, Passim per Pholoen jacet nivosam, Nunc praesepibus accubans amatis, Dormit mollius in juba magistri. 356 Indc Scyriadum datus parenti, Falsæ nomina pertulisse Pyrrhæ, Atque inter tetricae choros Minervæ. Occultos Vcneri rotasse thyrsos. Postremo ad Phrygiae sonum rapinae Tractus laudibus Hcetoris trahendi. Ast illum, cui contigit paternam Quartum post Ithacam redire lustrum, Nec Smyrna satis explicat volumen.
我不在此以邁俄尼亞繆斯之筆,講述那杜利基翁與帖撒利之公民的英勇與智慧。此二人之中,一位據說是在佩利翁洞穴中,於狩獵、豎琴、角力與草藥之間,受那薩圖恩所生的老者所養育。當他還是個孩童踏遍野獸巢穴之時,時而散臥在積雪的佛洛厄各處,時而偎依在心愛的馬廄旁,在他師傅的鬃毛中睡得更為酣甜。此後,他被交給斯基羅斯眾少女之親,頂著假名皮拉,在嚴峻的密涅瓦的歌舞隊中,揮舞著瞞過維納斯的酒神杖。最終,被讚譽引向弗里吉亞劫掠之聲,走向被拖曳與將被拖曳的赫克托耳之榮耀。但論到那位在第四個五年得以返回故鄉伊塔卡之人,連士麥那也難以將其卷帙充分展開。
Not here, with the pen of the Maeonian Muse, do I tell the valor and wisdom of the citizen of Dulichium and of Thessaly. Of these, the one is thought to have been reared in the Pelian cave, in hunting, the lyre, wrestling, and herbs, under the old man born of Saturn. While now, a boy treading the lairs of wild beasts, he lay scattered here and there through snowy Pholoe, now, reclining at the beloved stalls, he slept more softly in his master's mane. Thence, given to the parent of the Scyrian maids, he bore the name of a false Pyrrha, and amid the choirs of stern Minerva whirled thyrsi hidden from Venus. At last, drawn by praise to the sound of Phrygian rapine, to the glories of Hector dragged and to be dragged. But him to whom it fell to return to his native Ithaca in the fourth lustrum, not even Smyrna sufficiently unfolds the volume.
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Nam quis continuare possit illos Quos terra et pelago tulit labores? Raptum Palladium, repertum Achillem, Captum præpetibus Dolona planUs, Et Rhœsi niveas prius quadrigas. Xanthi quam biberent fluenta, tractas? Ereptam quoque quem deus patronus. Philocteta, tibi dedit pharetram ? Ajacem Tclamonium furentem, Quod sese ante rates agente causam Pugoacis tulit eloquens coronam ? Vilatum hinc Polypbemon, atque Circen, Et Laestrigonii famem lyranni? Tum pomaria divitis Calypsus, Sirenas pereuntibus placentes, Vitatas tenebras, facemque Naupli, Et Scyllae rapidum voracis inguen, Vel Taurominitana quos Charybdis Ructato scopulos cavat profundo?
因為有誰能一一列數那陸與海所加於他的種種勞苦?被竊的帕拉斯神像、被尋見的阿基里斯、被疾足擒獲的多倫,以及瑞索斯那雪白的四馬戰車——在它們飲及珊索斯之流以前便被擄走?還有那守護神給你、菲羅克忒忒斯的箭袋?特拉蒙之子埃阿斯的暴怒,因為——當他在艦隊之前為己申辯時——那能言善辯者奪去了勇武者的桂冠?由此躲過的波呂斐摩斯與喀耳刻,以及萊斯特律戈涅斯暴君的飢餓?再有富饒的卡呂普索的果園、那令將亡之人愉悅的塞壬、被躲過的黑暗、瑙普利烏斯的火炬、吞噬萬物的斯庫拉那疾捷的腰腹,或西西里的卡律布狄斯以她吐出的深淵所鑿空的礁石?
For who could recount in succession those labors which land and sea brought upon him? The Palladium stolen, Achilles discovered, Dolon captured by swift feet, and Rhesus' snowy four-horse teams—dragged off before ever they drank the streams of Xanthus? The quiver too, which the patron god, Philoctetes, gave to you? Ajax son of Telamon raging, because—while pleading his cause before the fleet—the eloquent one bore off the crown of the warlike? Polyphemus shunned thence, and Circe, and the hunger of the Laestrygonian tyrant? Then the orchards of rich Calypso, the Sirens pleasing to those who perish, the darkness shunned, and the torch of Nauplius, and the swift loins of devouring Scylla, or what rocks the Sicilian Charybdis hollows out with her belched-forth deep?
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Non a divos specialibus faventes Agris, urbibus, insulisque canto, 357 Saturnum Latio, Jovemque Cretæ, Junonemque Samo, Rhodoque Solem, Hennæ Persephonem, Minervam Hymetto, Vulcanum Liparæ, Papho Dionem, Argis Persea, Lampsaco Priapum, Thebis Evhion, Ilioque Vestam, Tymbrae Delion, Arcadem Lycaeo, Martem Thracibus, ac Scythis Dianam: Quos fecere deos dicata templa, Thus, sal, far, mola, vel superfluarum Consecratio caeremoniarum. b Non cum Triptolemo verendam Eleusin, Qui primas populis dedere aristas Pastis Chaonium per ilicetum, c Non Apin Mareoticum sonabo Ad Memphitica sistra concita'i.
我不歌詠那些眷顧特定田地、城邦與海島的諸神——薩圖恩之於拉丁姆、朱庇特之於克里特、朱諾之於薩摩斯、太陽神之於羅得斯、珀耳塞福涅之於恩納、密涅瓦之於希梅托斯、火神之於利帕拉、狄俄涅之於帕福斯、珀爾修斯之於阿爾戈斯、普里阿波斯之於蘭普薩科斯、酒神之於底比斯、維斯塔之於伊利昂、得洛斯之神之於廷布拉、阿爾卡狄亞之神之於呂凱翁、瑪爾斯之於色雷斯人、狄安娜之於斯基泰人:這些奉獻的神廟——以乳香、鹽、麥、粉,或那些多餘儀式的祝聖——使他們成了神。我不與特里普托勒摩斯一同歌詠那可敬的厄琉息斯,他把最初的麥穗賜給那曾靠卡俄尼亞橡樹林餵養的萬民;我也不高聲頌那馬雷俄提斯的阿匹斯,被孟斐斯的叉鈴所激動。
I do not sing of the gods favoring particular fields, cities, and islands—Saturn to Latium, and Jupiter to Crete, and Juno to Samos, and the Sun to Rhodes, Persephone to Henna, Minerva to Hymettus, Vulcan to Lipara, Dione to Paphos, Perseus to Argos, Priapus to Lampsacus, Bacchus to Thebes, Vesta to Ilium, the Delian to Thymbra, the Arcadian to Lycaeus, Mars to the Thracians, and Diana to the Scythians: whom dedicated temples made gods—incense, salt, spelt, meal, or the consecration of superfluous ceremonies. Not with Triptolemus shall I sing of venerable Eleusis, who gave the first ears of grain to the peoples once fed through the Chaonian oak-grove; not shall I resound of Mareotic Apis, roused to the Memphitic sistra.
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Non dicam Lacedæmonis juventam Unctas Tyndaridis dicasse luctas, Doctos quos patriis Palem Therapnis Gymnas Bebrycii tremit tbeatri. a Non sortes Lyciasque, Cacritumque, e Responsa aut Themidis priora Delphis. Nec quæ fulmine Thuscus expiato, Septum numina quærit ad bidental. Ncc quos Euganeum bibens Timavum Colle Antenoreo f videbat augur Divos Thessalicam movere pugnam. Nec quos Amphiaraus, et Mclampus. Ex ipsis rapuit deos favillis, Per templum malc fluctuante flamma, 358 Gaudens lumine perdito Metellus. Non hic Cinyphius canetur Ammon, Mitratum caput elevans arenis, Vix se post g hecatombion litatum Suetus promere Syrtium barathro.
我不將講述拉刻代蒙的青年如何奉獻廷達里得兄弟那抹油的角力——他們受特拉普奈祖傳的訓練場所教,令貝布律刻斯劇場的競技場畏懼。不講呂底亞與凱瑞的神諭,也不講忒彌斯先於德爾斐的答覆。也不講那伊特魯里亞人在閃電消災之後,在圍起的雷擊之壇所求問的諸神。也不講那飲厄乌加尼亞之提馬武斯的占卜者,在安忒諾耳之丘上所見的、攪動帖撒利之戰的諸神。也不講安菲阿剌俄斯與墨蘭普斯從餘燼中攫取的諸神,當火焰在神廟中微弱閃爍之時——梅特路斯雖失了視力卻仍歡喜。我不在此歌詠西尼弗斯的阿蒙,從沙中舉起他戴冠的頭顱,在按禮獻上百牲祭之後,才勉強從敘爾提斯的深坑中現身。
I shall not tell how the youth of Lacedaemon dedicated the oiled wrestling-bouts of the Tyndarids, whom—taught by the ancestral training-ground at Therapnae—the arena of the Bebrycian theater dreads. Not the Lycian oracles and those of Caere, nor the responses of Themis, prior to Delphi. Nor the divinities which the Tuscan, once the lightning was expiated, seeks at the fenced bidental. Nor those whom, drinking the Euganean Timavus, the augur upon Antenor's hill beheld—gods stirring up the Thessalian battle. Nor those whom Amphiaraus and Melampus snatched, gods from the very embers, while the flame ill-flickered through the temple—Metellus rejoicing though his sight was lost. Not here shall Cinyphian Ammon be sung, lifting his mitred head from the sands, scarcely wont to bring himself forth from the pit of the Syrtes after a hecatomb duly offered.
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Non h'c Dindyma, nec crepante buxo Curetas Berecynthiam sonantes, Non Bacchum tricterica exserentem Describam, et tremulas furore festo Ire in Bassaridas, vel infulatos Aram ad thuricremam rotare mystas. Non hic Hesiodea pinguis Ascræ Spectes carmina, Pindarique chordas. Non hic socciferi jocos Menandri, Non læsi Archilochi feros iambos, Vel plus Slesichori graves camenas. Aut quod composuit puella Lesbi. Non quod Mantua contumax Homero, Adjecit Latiaribus loquelis, Æquari sibimet subinde livens Busto Parthenopem Maroniano.
我不在此描述丁迪瑪,也不描述那在噼啪作響的黃楊木上奏著貝瑞辛提亞聖樂的庫瑞忒斯,也不描述展現其三年一度慶典的酒神,也不描述那在節慶的瘋狂中戰慄狂舞的巴薩里得女信徒,或那在焚香的祭壇旁旋轉、頭戴聖帶的祕儀者。你不當在此尋找阿斯克拉的赫西俄德那豐美的詩篇,也不當尋找品達的琴弦。不在此尋找穿高靴的米南德的戲謔,不尋找受屈的阿爾基洛科斯那凶猛的抑揚格,也不尋找斯忒西科洛斯那更莊重的繆斯,或那萊斯博斯少女所作的詩。也不尋找曼圖亞——那不服荷馬者——為拉丁語言所增添的,因妒忌那馬羅墓旁的帕耳忒諾佩竟被與自己並列。
Not here shall I describe the Dindyma, nor the Curetes sounding Berecynthian rites on the crackling boxwood, nor Bacchus displaying his triennial festivals, nor the Bassarids going in tremulous frenzy amid the festal madness, nor the fillet-crowned mystics whirling at the incense-burning altar. Not here should you look for the rich songs of Hesiod of Ascra, nor the chords of Pindar. Not here the jests of buskin-wearing Menander, nor the fierce iambics of injured Archilochus, nor yet the graver Muses of Stesichorus, or what the girl of Lesbos composed. Not what Mantua—defiant of Homer—added to Latin speech, envious that Parthenope, by Maro's tomb, should ever be set equal to itself.
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Non quod per satyras epistołarum, Sermonumque sales, novumque epodon, Libros carminis, ac poeticam artem, Phoebi laudibus et vagæ Dianae Conscriptis voluit sonare Flaceus. Non quod Papinius tuus, meusque, Inter Labdacios sonat furores. Aut cum forte pedum minore rhythmo Pingit 8emmea prata silvularum. 359 a Non quod Corduba præpotens alumnis Facundum ciet, hic putes legendum. Quorum unus colit hispidum Platona, Incassumque suum monet Neronem. Orchestram quatit alter Euripidis, Pictum faecibus Æschylon secutus, Aut plaustris solitum sonare Thespin, Qui post pulpita trita sub cothurno Ducebant olidæ marem capellæ.
也不尋找弗拉庫斯(賀拉斯)在其書信的諷刺、談話的機智、新創的抑揚短長格、詩歌之書與詩藝之中,欲以其文字為福玻斯與漫遊的狄安娜的頌讚而發聲的。也不尋找你我共有的帕皮尼烏斯(斯塔提烏斯)在拉布達克家族的狂亂之間所發之音,或當他偶爾以較短的音步描繪那綴滿寶石的小樹林之草地。也不尋找科爾多瓦——那以其子弟為傲之地——所提出的,縱使雄辯,你也不當以為必須在此誦讀。此二人之中,一位鑽研那粗糲的柏拉圖,並徒然規勸他自己的尼祿。另一位搖動歐里庇得斯的樂席,追隨那以酒渣塗面的埃斯庫羅斯,或那慣於自貨車上發聲的忒斯庇斯——他在高靴之下、踏過舞台之後,慣於牽出那氣味刺鼻的母山羊的公羊。
Not what Flaccus, in the satires of his epistles, in the wit of his conversations, in his new epode, in the books of song and the art of poetry, wished to resound in the praises of Phoebus and roving Diana in his writings. Not what your Papinius and mine sounds among the Labdacian furies, or when, by chance in the lesser rhythm of the foot, he paints the gem-strewn meadows of little woodlands. Not what Cordoba, mighty in her nurslings, sets forth—eloquent though it be—should you think must here be read. Of these, the one cultivates rough Plato, and in vain admonishes his own Nero. The other shakes the orchestra of Euripides, having followed Aeschylus painted with wine-lees, or Thespis wont to sound from wagons—who, after the trodden stage beneath the buskin, used to lead forth the male of the reeking she-goat.
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Pugnam tertius ille Gallicani Dixit Caesaris, ut gener socerque Cognata impulerint in arma Romam. Tantum dans lacrymas su s Philippis, Ut credat Cremeræ levem ruinam, i Infra et censeat Alliam dolendam, Ac Urenni in trutina Jovem redemptum : Postponat Trebiam, gravesque Cannas, Stragem nec Thrasimenicam loquatur. Fratres Scipiadas pudet silendos, Quos Tartesiacus rctentat orbis : Euphratem taceat male appetitum, Crassorum et madidas cruore Carrhas Vel quos Spartace consulum solebas Victrici gladios fugare sica, Ipsum nec necat ille plus duellum, Quod post Cimbrica turbidus tropæa, Et vinctum Nasamonium Jugurtham, Dum quaerit Mithridaticum triumphum, Arpinas voluit movere Syllæ.
第三位講述那高盧凱撒之戰,講女婿與岳父如何驅使同宗的羅馬拿起兵器。他為自己的腓立比灑下如此多的淚水,以致他會把克瑞梅拉的覆亡看得微不足道,把阿利亞判為較不足哀,把朱庇特在布倫努斯的天秤上被贖回;以致他把特雷比亞與沉痛的坎尼列於其後,也不講特拉西梅涅的屠戮。他羞於將西庇阿兄弟略而不提,那被塔爾忒索斯之地緊緊留住的兄弟:讓他對那不該追求的幼發拉底河保持緘默,對那被克拉蘇父子的血浸濕的卡爾萊,或那些你——斯巴達克斯——慣以你勝利的鐮刀所驅散的刀劍。那場戰爭也不曾更深地殺害他——即那阿爾皮努姆人(西塞羅),在辛布里凱旋、擒獲納薩蒙的朱古達之後,當他追求米特里達梯的凱旋時,欲對蘇拉挑起的。
The third told of the Gallic Caesar's battle, how son-in-law and father-in-law drove kindred Rome into arms. So greatly does he give tears to his own Philippi that he would count the ruin of Cremera slight, and judge Allia to be mourned as less grievous, and Jove redeemed in Brennus' scale; that he sets after it the Trebia and grievous Cannae, nor tells of the Thrasimene slaughter. He is ashamed to leave unspoken the Scipio brothers, whom the Tartessian world holds fast: let him keep silent about the Euphrates ill-sought, and Carrhae wet with the gore of the Crassi, or those swords which, O Spartacus, you were wont to put to flight with your victorious sickle. Nor does that war slay him more—which, after the Cimbric trophies turbulent, and Nasamonian Jugurtha bound, while he seeks the Mithridatic triumph, the Arpinate wished to stir up against Sulla.
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b Non Gætulicus hic tibi legetur, 360 Non Marsus, Pedo, Silius, Tibullus. Non quod Sulpiciæ jocus Thaliæ Scripsit blandiloquum suo Celeno. Non Persi rigor, aut lepos Properti, Sed nec centimeter Terentianus. Non Lucilius hic, Lucretiusque e: t. c Non Turuus, Memor, Ennius, Calullus, Stella, et Septimius, Petroniusque, Aut mordax sine fine Martialis. Non qui tempore Cæsaris secundi Æterno incoluit Tomos rcatu. Nec qui consimili deinde casu. Ad vulgi tenuem strepentis auram, Irati fuit d histrionis exsul. Non Pelusiaco satus Canopo Qui ferruginei toros mariti, Et musa canit inferos superna. Nec qui jam patribus fuere nostris Primo tempore maximi sodales.
你不會在此讀到蓋圖利庫斯,讀不到馬爾蘇斯、佩多、西利烏斯、提布盧斯。讀不到蘇爾皮基婭之繆斯那甜言蜜語、對她自己的凱勒努斯所寫的戲謔。讀不到珀爾西烏斯的嚴峻、或普羅佩提烏斯的嫵媚,也讀不到那格律繁多的忒倫提亞努斯。不讀盧基利烏斯、也不讀盧克萊修;不讀圖爾努斯、梅摩爾、恩尼烏斯、卡圖盧斯、斯忒拉、塞普提米烏斯、佩特羅尼烏斯,或那嘲諷不休的馬提亞爾。不讀那在第二位凱撒之世、於永恆的罪名之下住在托彌斯的人。也不讀那此後遭逢類似不幸、向那咆哮群眾稀薄氣息、成了一位動怒之演員之流放者的人。不讀那出自佩魯西烏姆的卡諾普斯、歌詠那黝黑丈夫之榻、並以天界繆斯詠唱下界幽靈的人。也不讀那些在我們先祖最初之世曾是最偉大同伴的人。
Not Gaetulicus shall here be read by you, not Marsus, Pedo, Silius, Tibullus. Not what the jest of Sulpicia's Muse wrote, sweetly-speaking to her own Calenus. Not the sternness of Persius, or the charm of Propertius, nor yet the many-metered Terentianus. Not Lucilius here, nor Lucretius; not Turnus, Memor, Ennius, Catullus, Stella, and Septimius, and Petronius, or Martial biting without end. Not he who in the time of the second Caesar dwelt at Tomis under an eternal charge. Nor he who, by a like mischance thereafter, to the thin breath of the roaring crowd, was the exile of an angered actor. Not he, sprung from Pelusian Canopus, who sings of the couch of the swarthy husband, and by a heavenly Muse chants the shades below. Nor those who, in our fathers' first age, were the greatest companions.
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e Quorum unus Bonifacium secutus, Nec non præcipitem Sebastianum, Natales puer horruit Cadurcos, Plus Pandionias amans Athenas. Cujus si varium legas poema, Tum Phoebum, vel Hyantias pucllas, Potato madidas ab Hippocrene, Tunc Anpbiona, filiumque Maiæ, Tunc vatem Rhodopeium sonare Collato modulam ne arbitreris. Non tu hic nunc legeris, tuumque fulmen, 361 0 dignissime i Quintianus alter, Spernens qui Ligurum solum et penates, Mutato larc Gallias amasti, Inter classica signa, pila, turmas, Laudans Aetium, vacansque libro, In castris hedera ter aureatus. g Sed nec tertius ille nunc legetur, Bætin qui patrium semel relinquens Undosa petiit sitim Ravennæ :
此二人之中,一位追隨了博尼法丘斯與魯莽的塞巴斯提亞努斯,還是孩童時便對他卡杜爾庫姆的出生感到厭惡,更愛那潘狄翁的雅典。你若讀他那多樣的詩篇,便會以為是福玻斯、或是暢飲了希波克瑞涅泉的許安提亞眾少女、繼而是安菲翁與邁婭之子、繼而是羅多佩的詩人,合奏出他的樂音。你如今不會在此被誦讀,你的雷霆也不會,最堪配作第二位昆提阿努斯的人啊——你蔑視利古里亞人的土地與家神,遷居而愛上高盧,在戰陣的號角、軍旗、標槍與騎隊之間,讚美埃提烏斯、又閒暇於書卷,在軍營中三度以金色常春藤加冕。但那第三位如今也不會被誦讀,他一旦離開故鄉的巴埃提斯河,便去尋求拉溫納那多水之地的乾渴:
Of these, the one, having followed Bonifacius and headlong Sebastianus, as a boy shuddered at his Cadurcan birth, loving Pandionian Athens more. If you read his varied poem, then you would deem that Phoebus, or the Hyantian maidens, drenched from a draught of Hippocrene, then Amphion and the son of Maia, then the Rhodopeian bard, sounded—their strains combined. You shall not here be read now, nor your thunderbolt, O most worthy second Quintianus, who—scorning the soil and household gods of the Ligurians, and loving the Gauls with home transferred—amid the war-trumpets, standards, javelins, and squadrons, praising Aetius and taking leisure with a book, in the camps thrice crowned with the golden ivy. But neither shall that third one now be read, who—leaving once his native Baetis—sought the watery thirst of Ravenna:
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