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Symeon the New Theologian

Catecheses 1 part 4/23

Greek original · 139 verses · some words can be tapped for a gloss · long chapter, split into parts; this part covers 1:491–1:629 (3280 verses in all)

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1:491
Καί οὕτως μέν ὑπερβαίνει τοσοῦτον καί ὑπερνικᾷ τόν συνεισελθόντα αὐτῷ ἀδελφόν, ὅσον τρέχων ἐλευθερίως τόν ἐν δεσμοῖς καί πέδαις σιδηραῖς κατεχόμενον·
And thus the one man so far surpasses and outstrips the brother who entered together with him, as a man running freely outstrips one who is held fast in bonds and iron fetters;
如此,這一位便大大超越並勝過那與他一同進來的弟兄,其程度如同一個自由奔跑的人勝過那被鎖鍊與鐵鐐所束縛的人;
1:492
δέ ἡττᾶται καί τοῖς προτέροις ἐναπομένει κακοῖςἤ καί χείροσι, μή θελήσας οἴκοθεν ἐκλέξασθαι καί ποιῆσαι τό ἀγαθόν ἐν τῷ ὑπεισελθεῖν καί ἀναδέξασθαι τούς ἀγῶνας τῆς ἀρετῆς
but the other is defeated and remains in his former evils, or even in worse ones, because he was unwilling of his own accord to choose and to do the good by entering in and taking up the contests of virtue.
但另一位卻被擊敗,仍舊停留在先前的惡中,甚至陷入更壞的境地,因為他不肯出於自願地揀選並行善,不肯進入並承擔美德的爭戰。
1:493
Διά τοῦτο οὖν, ὡς ἔφθην εἰπών, ἐργασίας ἐστί καρπός κατάνυξις καί καρπῶν πρόξενος, μᾶλλον δέ ποιητική πασῶν τῶν ἀρετῶν καί δημιουργός αὕτη καθέστηκε, καθώς πᾶσα Γραφή θεόπνευστος μαρτυρεῖ
For this reason, therefore, as I said before, compunction is the fruit of labor and the bringer of fruits; or rather it is itself the maker and craftsman of all the virtues, as all God-inspired Scripture bears witness.
因此,正如我先前所說,痛悔乃是勞苦的果子,也是眾果子的引介者;或更該說,它本身乃是一切美德的成就者與創造者,正如一切神所默示的聖經所見證的。
1:494
Τοιγαροῦν καί θέλων κόψαι πάθηἤ κτήσασθαι ἀρετάς, ταύτην πρό πάντων τῶν καλῶν καί μετά πασῶν τῶν ἀρετῶν ὀφείλει ἐπιμελῶς ἐκζητεῖν
Therefore he who wishes to cut off the passions or to acquire the virtues ought diligently to seek this above all good things and together with all the virtues.
所以,凡願意斬斷情慾或獲得美德的人,都當在一切善事之先、並與一切美德一同,殷勤地尋求這痛悔。
1:495
Ἄνευ γάρ ὕδατος ἀμήχανον ἐκπληθῆναι τό ῥερυπωμένον ἱμάτιον, καί δίχα δακρύων ἀμηχανέστερον ἀποπλυθῆναι καί καθαρθῆναι κηλίδων καί μολυσμῶν τήν ψυχήν
For without water it is impossible to wash out a soiled garment, and without tears it is even more impossible to wash and cleanse the soul of its stains and defilements.
因為沒有水,就無法洗淨污穢的衣裳;而沒有眼淚,要洗淨並潔淨靈魂脫離其玷污與污穢,就更是不可能。
1:496
Μή προφασιζώμεθα προφάσεις () ψυχοβλαβεῖς καί ματαίας, μᾶλλον δέ εἰπεῖν εἰς ἅπαν ψευδεῖς καί τῆς ἀπωλείας προξένους, ἀλλ ἐκζητήσωμεν τήν βασιλίδα ταύτων τῶν ἀρετῶν ὁλοψύχως
Let us not make excuses that are harmful to the soul and vain, or rather, to speak truly, wholly false and procurers of destruction; but let us seek with our whole soul this queen of the virtues.
我們切不可尋找那些損害靈魂、虛妄的藉口——或更該說,那些全然虛謊、招致滅亡的藉口;反倒要全心尋求這眾美德之后。
1:497
γάρ ταύτην ὁλοψύχως ἐπιζητῶν, εὑρίσκει αὐτήν·
For he who seeks it with his whole soul finds it;
因為凡全心尋求它的人,必尋見它;
1:498
μᾶλλον δέ αὕτη παραγινομένη εὑρίσκει τόν ἐκζητοῦντα ἐπιπόνως αὐτήν, καί κἄν χαλκοῦ κἄν σιδήρου κἄν ἀδάμαντος σκληροτέραν ἔχῃ καρδίαν, ἅμα τῷ παραγενέσθαι κηροῦ παντός μαλακωτέραν ταύτην ἐργάζεται
or rather, it comes and finds the one who painstakingly seeks it, and even if he has a heart harder than bronze or iron or adamant, as soon as it comes it renders that heart softer than any wax.
或更該說,它親自來臨,尋見那勤苦尋求它的人;縱使那人的心比銅、比鐵、比金剛石還要剛硬,它一來到,就使那心比一切蠟更為柔軟。
1:499
Πῦρ γάρ ἐστι θεῖον διαλῦον ὄρη καί πέτρας καί λεῖα πάντα ποιοῦν καί μεταποιοῦν εἰς παραδείσους καί ἀλλοιοῦν τάς αὐτό δεχομένας ψυχάς
For it is a divine fire, dissolving mountains and rocks, making all things smooth and transforming them into paradises, and altering the souls that receive it;
因為它乃是神聖的火,能熔化山嶺與磐石,使萬物平坦,把它們變為樂園,並改變那接受它的靈魂;
1:500
οὐ μόνον δε ἀλλά καί ὥσπερ τις φλόξα περιτρέχουσα κατ ὀλίγον ἐξαφανίζει ἐκκαίουσα καθ ὥραν ὡς ἀκάνθας αὐτάς καί καταφλέγουσα·
and not only this, but like a flame running about, it little by little makes them vanish, burning them up hour by hour as though they were thorns, and consuming them utterly;
不僅如此,它更像一團四處奔騰的火焰,漸漸地使它們消失,時時刻刻將它們如荊棘般焚燒,並徹底燒盡;
1:501
ἥτις καί πρῶτον μέν πόθον ἐμποιεῖ τῆς τελείας τούτων ἐλευθερίας τε καί καθάρσεως, ἔπειτα καί τῶν ἀποκειμένων καί ἡτοιμασμένων παρά Θεοῦ ἀγαθῶν τοῖς ἀγαπῶσι αὐτόν
and first it instills a longing for the perfect liberation and cleansing from these things, and then also for the good things that are stored up and prepared by God for those who love Him.
它首先在人裡面注入一種渴慕,就是渴慕完全脫離並潔淨這些惡事,其次也渴慕神為愛祂之人所存留、所預備的美善。
1:502
() Ταῦτα δέ πάντα μετά δακρύων, μᾶλλον δέ διά τῶν δακρύων, τό τῆς κατανύξεως θεῖον πῦρ ἀπεργάζεται·
All these things the divine fire of compunction accomplishes with tears, or rather through tears;
這一切,痛悔的神聖之火都是藉著眼淚——或更該說,透過眼淚——來成就的;
1:503
ἐν ἡμῖν αὐτοῖςἤ ἔν τισιν ἑτέροις γέγονέ ποτεἤ γενήσεται
whether in ourselves or in certain others it has ever come to pass or will come to pass.
無論是在我們自己身上,或在某些別人身上,這事曾經發生,或將要發生。
1:504
Οὐδέ γάρ ἀπό τῶν θείων Γραφῶν ἀποδείξει τοῦτό τις, ὅτι δακρύων δίχα καί κατανύξεως διηνεκοῦς ἐκαθάρθη τις ἀνθρώπων ποτέἤ ἅγιος γέγονενἤ Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον ἔλαβενἤ τόν Θεόν ἐθεάσατοἤ σκηνώσαντα ἔνδον αὐτοῦ ἔγνωκενἤ ὅλως τοῦτον ἔσχε ποτέ ἔνοικον ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ, μή προηγησαμένης μετανοίας καί κατανύξεως καί ὡς ἀπό πηγῆς ἀεί βρυόντων δακρύων διηνεκῶν, τῶν κατακλυζόντων δηλονότι καί τήν τῆς ψυχῆς ἐκπλυνόντων οἰκίαν, καί αὐτήν καταδροσιζόντων καί ἀναψυχόντων τήν ὑπό τοῦ ἀπροσίτου πυρός κατεχομένην καί καταφλεγομένην ψυχήν
For no one will demonstrate from the divine Scriptures that anyone among men was ever cleansed apart from tears and continual compunction, or became holy, or received the Holy Spirit, or beheld God, or knew Him dwelling within, or ever had Him at all as an indweller in his heart, without repentance and compunction having gone before, and without continual tears ever gushing forth as from a fountain—tears that plainly flood and wash out the house of the soul, and bedew and refresh the soul that is held fast and consumed by the unapproachable fire.
因為沒有人能從神聖的經文中證明:曾有任何人不藉眼淚與不斷的痛悔而得潔淨,或成為聖潔,或領受聖靈,或得見神,或認識祂住在裡面,或曾有祂在心中作居者——若沒有悔改與痛悔先行,沒有如泉源般不斷湧流的眼淚,就是那顯然要淹沒並洗淨靈魂居所、並滋潤更新那被那不可接近之火所轄制、所焚燒之靈魂的眼淚。
1:505
Οἱ οὖν λέγοντες μή εἶναι δυνατόν καθ ἑκάστην νύκτα καί ἡμέραν πενθεῖν καί κλαίειν, ἑαυτούς πάσης ἀρετῆς γυμνούς εἶναι διαμαρτύρονται
Those, then, who say that it is impossible to mourn and weep every night and day testify against themselves that they are stripped bare of every virtue.
因此,那些說「不可能夜夜日日都哀慟哭泣」的人,實際上是在為自己作見證:他們赤裸裸地毫無任何美德。
1:506
Εἰ γάρ οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν οἱ ἅγιοι οὕτως ἀποφηνάμενοι λέγουσι·
For if our holy fathers, declaring thus, say:
因為若我們聖潔的教父如此宣告說:
1:507
θέλων κόψαι πάθη, κλαυθμῷ κόπτει αὐτά καί θέλων κτήσασθαι ἀρετάς, κλαυθμῷ κτᾶται αὐτάς, εὔδηλον ὅτι μή κλαίων καθ ἑκάστην, οὔτε τά πάθη κόπτει οὔτε τάς ἀρετάς κατορθοῖ, κἄν, ὡς οἴεται, δοκῇ πάσας μετέρχεσθαι
'He who wishes to cut off the passions cuts them off by weeping, and he who wishes to acquire the virtues acquires them by weeping,' it is evident that he who does not weep every day neither cuts off the passions nor accomplishes the virtues, even though he thinks, as he supposes, that he is practicing them all.
「凡願斬斷情慾的人,是藉哭泣斬斷它們;凡願獲得美德的人,是藉哭泣獲得它們」,那麼顯然,凡不天天哭泣的人,既不能斬斷情慾,也不能成就美德,縱使他自以為正在操練這一切美德。
1:508
Τί γάρ ὠφελοῦσιν, εἰπέ μοι, τά ἐργαλεῖα τῆς τέχνης τοῦ τεχνίτου μή παρόντος, τοῦ τήν ὕλην εἰδότος μεταχειρίσασθαι καί ταύτην ποιῆσαι σκεῦος ἁρμόδιον;
For tell me, what use are the tools of the craft when the craftsman is not present—he who knows how to handle the material and to make of it a fitting vessel?
請告訴我:若那懂得處理材料、並能把它製成合用器皿的工匠不在場,這技藝的工具又有何用呢?
1:509
Τί δέ τόν κηπουρόν ὀνίσησιν, ἐάν ὅλον μέν τόν κῆπον ἐργάσηται καί λαχάνου πᾶν γένος σπείρῃ τε καί φυτεύσῃ ἐν αὐτῷ, μή κατέλθῃ δέ ὑετός ἄνωθεν ἐπ αὐτοῖςἤ μή οὔσης ἀρδείας αὐτῷ ὕδατος;
And what does it profit the gardener if he cultivates the whole garden and sows and plants in it every kind of vegetable, but no rain descends from above upon them, or there is no watering of it with water?
又對園丁有何益處呢——縱使他耕作了整座園子,在其中撒種並栽種各樣的菜蔬,卻沒有雨水從上面降下澆灌它們,也沒有水來灌溉它?
1:510
Οὕτως οὐδέ τάς ἄλλας ἀρετάς () μετερχόμενος καί κοπιῶν ἐν αὐταῖς ὀνήσεταί τι χωρίς ταύτης τῆς ἁγίας καί μακαρίας δεσποίνης καί δημιουργοῦ πασῶν τῶν ἀρετῶν
So too neither will he who practices the other virtues and toils in them profit anything apart from this holy and blessed mistress and craftsman of all the virtues.
照樣,凡操練其他美德並在其中勞苦的人,若沒有這聖潔蒙福的主母——就是眾美德的創造者——也必一無所得。
1:511
Ὥσπερ γάρ βασιλεύς δίχα τοῦ ὑπ αὐτόν στρατεύματος ἀσθενής καί εὐχείρωτος τοῖς πᾶσι γίνεται καί οὐδέ βασιλεύς φαίνεται, ἀλλ ὡς εἷς τῶν λοιπῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐστίν, ὡσαύτως δέ καί τά τοῦ πλήθους στρατεύματα καί στρατόπεδα δίχα βασιλέωςἤ τοῦ ἀρχιστρατήγου αὐτῶν εὐχερῶς διασκορπίζονται καί ὑπό τῶν ἀντιπάλων ἐξαφανίζονται, οὕτως λόγισαι εἶναι τό πένθος πρός τάς λοιπάς ἀρετάς
For just as a king without the army under him becomes weak and easily overcome by all, and does not even appear as a king but is as one of the rest of men; and likewise the multitudes of troops and camps, without a king or their commander-in-chief, are easily scattered and made to vanish by their adversaries; so consider mourning to be in relation to the remaining virtues.
因為正如君王若沒有麾下的軍隊,就變得軟弱,容易被眾人制伏,甚至看不出是君王,而如同其餘的人一樣;同樣,眾多的兵卒與營壘,若沒有君王或他們的元帥,也容易被仇敵驅散並消滅;你當如此看待哀慟與其餘美德的關係。
1:512
Στρατόπεδον μέν γάρ ἐπί τό αὐτό συναγόμενον ἁπάσας νόει μοι εἶναι τάς τῶν εἰσαγωγικῶν ἀρετάς, βασιλέα δέ τούτων καί στρατηγάρχην τό μακάριον πένθος καί τόν κλαυθμόν, δι οὖ ἐπί παράταξιν ἅπαν διατίθεται καί παρατάσσεται τό στρατόπεδον, προθυμοποιούμενον, ἀλειφόμενον, ἐνισχυόμενον, διδασκόμενον, ὅπλα τε αἵρειν καί ὅπῃ δεῖ καί πῶς καί πότε καί ποταπά καί ἐπί ποίῳ καί ποταπῷ τῷ ἀντιπάλῳ κατά καιρόν καί καιρούς καλῶς ὁριζόμενον, τίνας τε πέμπειν σκοπούς καί ὁποίους ἱστᾷν φύλακας καί τί τοῖς ἀπό τῶν ἀντιπάλων πεμπομένοις προσδιαλέγεσθαι χρή καί ποίοις ἔστι γάρ καί ἀπό μόνης ὁμιλίας τρέψαι πάντας αὐτούς, ἐνίοτε δέ καί ἐκ τοῦ μηδέ εἰς συντυχίαν αὐτούς προσδέξασθαι , πῶς δέ καί ἐνέδρας κατ αὐτῶν καί λόγους εἴτουν ἐγκρύμματα, καί πότε καί ποίους τοῦ στρατοπέδου εἰς τοῦτο ἐκπέμψαι καί ἐν ποίοις τόποις, αὐτό δή τό πένθος, λέγω, σαφῶς διατάττεται·
For understand the camp gathered together in one place to be all the virtues of beginners, and their king and general to be blessed mourning and weeping, through which the whole camp is set in battle array and drawn up for the fight—being made eager, anointed, strengthened, and taught to take up arms, and well appointed as to where and how and when and against what sort of adversary, and at what time and times; and which scouts to send out and what kind of guards to post, and what and to whom one must reply to those sent by the adversaries—for it is possible even by conversation alone to rout them all, and sometimes even by not admitting them to any encounter at all—and how too to lay ambushes and set snares, that is, hidden traps, against them, and when and which men of the camp to send out for this and in what places: it is mourning itself, I say, that clearly directs all this;
因為你當明白:那聚集在一處的營壘,乃是初學者一切的美德;而它們的君王與統帥,乃是蒙福的哀慟與哭泣。藉著它,全營都被列陣、排開作戰——被激勵、被膏抹、被剛強、被教導拿起兵器,並被妥善部署:在何處、如何、何時、對付何等的仇敵、在何時何季;並要差遣哪些探子、設立何等的守衛、又當如何以及向那些被仇敵差來的人回話、向何等人回話——因為單憑談話就能擊退他們眾人,有時甚至根本不容他們前來相會;並且如何對他們設下埋伏與圈套,就是暗藏的陷阱,何時又當差營中哪些人去作此事、在何等地方:我說,這一切都是哀慟本身清楚地調度指揮的;
1:513
ἄνευ δέ τούτου λαός τῶν ἀρετῶν ἅπας εὐχείρωτος
but without this, the whole people of the virtues is easily overcome.
但若沒有它,美德的全體百姓就容易被制伏。
1:514
Καί διά τοῦτο πρό πάντων καί μετά πάντων ἔργον ἔστω πᾶσιν ἡμῖν, ἀδελφοί, μετάνοια καί συνημμένος ταύτῃ κλαυθμός·
And for this reason, before all and after all, let repentance and the weeping joined to it be the work of us all, brethren;
為此緣故,弟兄們,在萬事之先、萬事之後,願悔改以及與之相連的哭泣,成為我們眾人的工作;
1:515
οὔτε γάρ δίχα μετανοίας κλαυθμός, () οὔτε δίχα κλαυθμοῦ δάκρυα, ἀλλά τά τρία ταῦτα ἀλλήλοις συνδέδενται, καί οὐκ ἔστι δίχα τοῦ ἑτέρου φανῆναι τό ἕτερον
for neither is there weeping apart from repentance, nor tears apart from weeping, but these three are bound to one another, and it is not possible for the one to appear without the other.
因為離了悔改就沒有哭泣,離了哭泣就沒有眼淚,這三者乃是彼此相連的,缺了其一,另一也無法顯現。
1:516
Μή οὖν λέγῃ τις ἀδύνατον εἶναι τό καθ ἑκάστην κλαίειν·
Let no one, then, say that it is impossible to weep every day;
因此,誰也不可說「天天哭泣是不可能的」;
1:517
γάρ τοῦτο λέγων, ἀδύνατον εἶναι λέγει καί τό καθ ἑκάστην μετανοεῖν καί ἀνατρέπει πάσας τάς θείας Γραφάς, ἵνα μή λέγω καί αὐτήν τήν ἐντολήν τοῦ Κυρίου τήν λέγουσαν·
for he who says this says that it is also impossible to repent every day, and overturns all the divine Scriptures—not to mention the very commandment of the Lord which says:
因為說這話的人,就是說天天悔改也是不可能的,並且推翻了一切神聖的經文——更不用說主自己的那條誡命,就是說:
1:518
Μετανοεῖτε, ἤγγικε γάρ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν, καί πάλιν·
'Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand,' and again:
「你們要悔改,因為天國近了」;又說:
1:519
Αἰτεῖτε καί λήψεσθε, ζητεῖτε καί εὑρήσετε, κρούετε καί ἀνοιγήσεται ὑμῖν
'Ask, and you shall receive; seek, and you shall find; knock, and it shall be opened to you.'
「你們祈求,就必得著;尋找,就必尋見;叩門,就必給你們開門。」
1:520
καί οὕτω γενήσεταί σοι τό μετά ἀπίστων καταταγῆναι καί οὐ πιστῶν
and so it will come to pass for you to be numbered with the unbelievers and not with the believers.
如此,你的結局便是被列在不信之人中間,而不在信徒之列。
1:521
Εἰ μέν γάρ Θεός πάντα ταῦτα ὡς δυνατά παρ ἡμῖν γίνεσθαι καί εἶπε καί λέγει καί καθ ἑκάστην βοᾷ, σύ δέ ἀντιλέγεις ἀπἐναντίας ἐκείνῳ, ἀδύνατα λέγων εἶναι ἡμῖν καί οὐ δυνατά, πάντως τῶν ἀπίστων διαφέρεις οὐδέν
For if God both said and says and daily cries out that all these things can come to pass in us as things possible, but you contradict Him to the contrary, saying that they are impossible for us and not possible, then assuredly you differ in nothing from the unbelievers.
因為若神既說了、又在說、並且天天呼喊,說這一切都能在我們裡面成就,是可能的事,你卻與祂唱反調,說這些對我們是不可能而非可能的,那麼你與不信的人就毫無分別了。
1:522
Ποίησον τά παρά σοῦ καθ ἡμέραν ᾀδόμενά τε ὁμοῦ καί ἀναγινωσκόμενα, καί τηνικαῦτα δυνήσῃ καί τοῦτο ἀδιαλείπτως ἐπιτελεῖν
Do the things that are daily chanted and read by you, and then you will be able to accomplish this also without ceasing.
你當去行那些每日由你所吟唱、所誦讀的事,那時你也就能不住地成就這事了。
1:523
Οὐ γάρ οἱ ἀκροαταί τοῦ νόμου δίκαιοι οὗτοι παρά τῷ Θεῷ, ἀλλ οἱ ποιηταί τοῦ νόμου δικαιωθήσονται
For it is not the hearers of the law who are righteous before God, but the doers of the law who shall be justified.
因為在神面前,聽律法的人不是義的,乃是行律法的人必稱義。
1:524
Ἀλλ ἵνα μή τόν λόγον μηκύνωμεν, αὐτά σοι λέγω, τά τοῦ Δαυίδ () ἀναμνήσομαι ῥήματα·
But that we may not prolong the discourse, I recite to you these very words of David:
但為免言語冗長,我要向你複述大衛的這些話語:
1:525
Εἰ ἀναβήσομαι, φησίν, ἐπί κλίνης στρωμνῆς μου, εἰ δώσω ὕπνον τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς μου καί τοῖς βλεφάροις μου νυσταγμόν καί ἀνάπαυσιν τοῖς κροτάφοις μου, ἕως οὗ εὕρω τόπον τῷ Κυρίῳ, σκήνωμα τῷ Θεῷ Ἰακώβ, καί πάλιν·
'If I go up,' he says, 'upon the couch of my bed, if I give sleep to my eyes and slumber to my eyelids and rest to my temples, until I find a place for the Lord, a tabernacle for the God of Jacob'; and again:
他說:「我若上我床榻,若容我眼睛睡覺,容我眼皮打盹,容我兩鬢安歇,直等我為耶和華尋得所在,為雅各的神尋得居所」;又說:
1:526
Οὐκ ἔστιν εἰρήνη ἐν τοῖς ὀστέοις μου ἀπό προσώπου τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν μου, ὅτι αἱ ἀνομίαι μου ὑπερῆραν τήν κεφαλήν μου, ὡσεί φορτίον βαρύ ἐβαρύνθησαν ἐπ ἐμέ
'There is no peace in my bones because of my sins, for my iniquities are gone over my head; like a heavy burden they have weighed me down.
「因我的罪,我的骨頭毫無安寧,因我的罪孽高過我的頭,如同重擔叫我擔當不起。
1:527
Προσώζεσαν καί ἐσάπησαν οἱ μώλωπές μου ἀπό προσώπου τῆς ἀφροσύνης μου
My wounds stink and are corrupt because of my foolishness.
因我的愚昧,我的傷發臭流膿。
1:528
Ἐκακώθην καί ἐταπεινώθην ἕως σφόδρα, ὠρυόμην ἀπό στεναγμοῦ τῆς καρδίας μου καί ἐγενόμεην ὡς στρουθίον μονάζον ἐπί δώματος, ὡμοιώθην πελεκᾶνι ἐρημικῷ, ὅτι σποδόν ὡσεί ἄρτον ἔφαγον καί τό πόμα μου μετά κλαυθμοῦ ἐκίρνων
I am afflicted and brought very low; I roared by reason of the groaning of my heart, and I became like a lonely sparrow upon a housetop; I was likened to a pelican of the wilderness, for I ate ashes like bread and mingled my drink with weeping.'
我受苦受屈,甚至極其卑微;因心裡的呻吟,我發出哀號,好像房頂上孤單的麻雀;我如同曠野的鵜鶘,因我吃灰如同吃飯,我所喝的與眼淚攙雜。」
1:529
Φησί δέ καί τῆς Κλίμακος ἅγιος Ἰωάννης·
And Saint John of the Ladder also says:
《天梯》的聖約翰也說:
1:530
Ὁπόσα δέ καί ἄλλα περί τούτων ἡμῖν διαλέγεται, αὐτῇ τῇ βίβλῳ θελήσας ἐγκῦψαι μαθήσεται
And however many other things he discourses to us concerning these matters, he who wishes to pore over that very book will learn them.
至於他向我們論及這些事還有多少其他的話,凡願意細讀那本書的人,都可從中學到。
1:531
Εἰ οὖν καί σύ ταῦτα, καθ ἑκάστην ψάλλεις καί ἀναγινώσκειςἤ ἄλλων ἀναγινωσκόντων ἀκούεις, ἀπαραλείπτως ἐν ὅλῃ καρδίᾳ μετά ταπεινοφροσύνης καί πίστεως διάξεις, ἀμήν εὐαγγελίζομαί σοι χαράν μεγάλην, ὅτι ἐάν ἐπιμείνῃς ταῦτα ποιῶν, διψῶν, ἀγρυπνῶν, μέχρι θανάτου ὑποτασσόμενος καί ὑπακούων ἀδιακρίτως καί ἀνυποκρίτως τῷ προεστῶτί σου, () ὑποφέρων τε πᾶσαν θλῖψιν καί ὕβριν καί λοιδορίαν καί διαβολήν, οὐ μήν δέ ἀλλά καί μάστιγας καί αἰκίας παρά τῶν εὐτελεστέρων σου ἀδελφῶν, ἐν πάσῃ εὐχαριστίᾳ διατιθέμενος ἀμνησικάκως πρός αὐτούς καί ὑπέρ αὐτῶν προσευχόμενος, χαῖρε καί ἀγαλλία χαρᾷ ἀνεκλαλήτῳ, ὅτι οὐ μόνον ἐν ἑσπέρᾳ καί πρωῒ καί μεσημβρίᾳ, ἀλλά καί ἐσθίοντί σοι καί πίνοντι καί πολλάκις προσομιλοῦντι, ψάλλοντι καί ἀναγινώσκοντι καί εὐχομένῳ καί ἐπί κλίνης ἀνακειμένῳ σοι, θεία δωρεά καί ἀνεκλάλητος αὕτη ἐλθοῦσα καταδιώξει σε πάσας τάς ἡμέρας τῆς ζωῆς σου καί συνοδεύσει σοι ἐν ὁδῷ καί συγκαταλύσει σοι καταλύοντι καί διακονοῦντι συνδιακονήσει σοι, παραμυθουμένη καί παρακαλοῦσα τάς ἐκ τοῦ κόπου ὀδύνας σου
If, then, you too pass through these things which you daily chant and read, or hear as others read them, without omission, in your whole heart with humility and faith, amen, I bring you the good news of great joy: that if you persevere in doing these things—thirsting, keeping vigil, being subject unto death, obeying without hesitation and without pretense the one set over you, bearing every affliction and insult and abuse and slander, and moreover even blows and outrages from your more worthless brethren, disposing yourself toward them in all thanksgiving without remembrance of wrongs, and praying on their behalf—then rejoice and exult with joy unspeakable, because not only in the evening and morning and midday, but also while you are eating and drinking and often conversing, chanting and reading and praying, and while you are reclining upon your bed, this divine and unspeakable gift, coming, will pursue you all the days of your life and will journey with you on the way, and will lodge with you when you lodge, and will serve alongside you when you serve, consoling and comforting the pains that come from your labor.
所以,我的父老弟兄們,你若也懷著全心、以謙卑與信心,毫不遺漏地經歷這些你每日所吟唱、所誦讀、或聽別人誦讀的事,阿們,我要向你傳報大喜的信息:你若持守行這些事——渴慕、警醒、順服至死、毫不遲疑、毫不虛偽地聽從你的上司,忍受一切患難、凌辱、辱罵、毀謗,甚至忍受那些比你更卑微之弟兄的鞭打與虐待,卻對他們毫不記仇、滿懷感恩地存心相待,並為他們禱告——那麼你就當歡喜,並以說不出來的喜樂快樂,因為不僅在晚上、早晨與中午,就是在你吃喝、時常交談、吟唱、誦讀、禱告、以及躺臥床上的時候,這神聖而說不出來的恩賜必來臨,追隨你一生的年日,與你同行在路上,你住宿時與你同住,你服事時與你同服事,安慰並撫慰你因勞苦而有的疼痛。
1:532
Καί τότε γνώσεις, ὡς λίαν πρεπόντως καί καλῶς ἅγιος εἴρηκε Συμεών μή κοινωνῆσαι ἄνευ δακρύων τινά, καί ὡς δυνατόν τοῦτο καί ἐπ ἀληθείας πᾶσιν ἁρμόδιον
And then you will know how very fittingly and rightly Saint Symeon said that no one should commune without tears, and that this is possible and in truth suitable for all.
那時你就會明白,聖西默盎所說「無人當不流淚領受聖餐」這話是何等恰當而正確,並且這事是可能的,實際上也適合眾人。
1:533
Οὐ γάρ ἐκεῖνος, ἀλλά δι ἐκείνου τό Ἅγιον Πνεῦμα καί εἶπε καί ἔγραψεν
For it was not he, but through him the Holy Spirit that both spoke and wrote.
因為說話並寫下這話的,並非他自己,乃是藉著他說話寫作的聖靈。
1:534
Εἰ γάρ οὐδείς ἀναμάρτητος, οὐδ ἄν ἡμέρα μία ζωή αὐτοῦ, καί οὐδείς δύναται ἁγνήν ἔχειν τήν καρδίαν, εὔδηλον ὅτι ἄνευ μετανοίας καί δακρύων ὀφείλει ἄνθρωπος διελθεῖν μίαν καί μόνην ἡμέραν ἐν πάσῃ τῇ ζωῇ αὐτοῦ·
For if no one is without sin, not even if his life be a single day, and no one is able to have a pure heart, it is evident that without repentance and tears a man ought not to pass even one single day in his whole life;
因為若沒有人是無罪的,縱使他的一生只有一天,也沒有人能有純潔的心,那麼顯然,人在一生中連一天也不當不帶悔改與眼淚地度過;
1:535
Οὐδέ γάρ ἄλλως δύναται γενέσθαι ἀναμάρτητος, οὐδέ τήν καρδίαν ἁγνός
for otherwise he cannot become without sin, nor pure in heart.
因為若非如此,他就無法成為無罪的,心裡也無法純潔。
1:536
Εἰ δέ μή χαμευνῆσαι καί ἀγρυπνῆσαι βουληθῇ τις, ἀναλογιζόμενος τό πλῆθος τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων αὐτοῦ καί τό βάρος τῶν αὐτοῦ σφαλμάτων, καί διορθώσασθαι () ἀνέξεται τούς προσοζέσαντας καί σαπέντας ὑπό ἀμελείας καί καταφρονήσεως μώλωπας τῆς ἐμπαθοῦς ὀρέξεως καί τῶν προλήψεων αὐτοῦ, τῶν εἰς ἀναισθησίαν αὐτόν ἀγουσῶντοῦτο γάρ ὄντως ἀφροσύνη ἐστί , πῶς εἰς συναίσθησιν ἔλθῃ τῆς μελλούσης τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν καταδίκης καί κατακρίσεως καί κλαύσει ἐν ὀδύνῃ τῆς καρδίας αὐτοῦ;
But if one is unwilling to sleep on the ground and to keep vigil, reckoning up the multitude of his sins and the weight of his transgressions, and will not endure to set right the wounds—stinking and rotted through negligence and contempt—of his passionate desire and of his preconceptions that lead him into insensibility (for this is truly foolishness), how shall he come to a consciousness of the coming condemnation and judgment of sinners, and weep in the pain of his heart?
但人若不肯睡臥地上、警醒守夜,計算自己眾多的罪與過犯的沉重,也不肯忍耐去醫治那些傷口——就是因怠惰與輕忽而發臭腐爛的傷口,屬情慾的貪戀與那些把他引入麻木的偏見所造成的傷(因為這才真是愚昧)——那麼他怎能覺悟到罪人將來的定罪與審判,並在心靈的痛苦中哭泣呢?
1:537
Εἰ οὐ βούλεται κακοπαθῆσαί τις ἐν τῷ ταλαιπωρηθῆναι καί κατακαμφθῆναι ἕως τέλους καί ὅλην τήν ἡμέραν σκυθρωπάζων πορεύεσθαι, ἐν τῷ κακωθῆναί τε καί ταπεινωθῆναι ἕως σφόδρα καί ὠρύεσθαι ἀπό στεναγμοῦ τῆς καρδίας αὐτοῦ καί ὡς στρουθίον μονάζον γενέσθαι ἐπί δώματι καί πελεκᾶνι ἐρημικῷ ὁμοιωθῆναι, ἐν τῷ διαθέσει ψυχῆς ξένον γενέσθαι ἀπό πάντων τῶν ἐν τῇ μονῇ καί τῶν ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ καί ἀπαρρησίαστον ἀπό μεγάλων τε καί μικρῶν, ἐν τῷ κοπιᾶν ἐν στεναγμῷ καί τόν ἄρτον ὡσεί σποδόν ἐσθίειν καί τό κιρνᾶν τό πόμα αὐτοῦ μετά κλαυθμοῦ, πῶς ἰσχύσει ποτέ, ἀδελφοί, λούειν καθ ἑκάστην νύκτα τήν κλίνην αὐτοῦἤ ἐν δάκρυσι τήν στρωμνήν αὐτοῦ βρέχειν;
If one is unwilling to suffer hardship by being brought low and bowed down to the end, and to walk mournful all the day long, being afflicted and humbled exceedingly, and to roar by reason of the groaning of his heart, and to become like a lonely sparrow upon a housetop and to be likened to a pelican of the wilderness—by a disposition of soul becoming a stranger to all who are in the monastery and to those in the world, and reserved toward great and small alike; laboring in groaning and eating his bread like ashes and mingling his drink with weeping—how, brethren, will he ever be able either to wash his bed every night or to bedew his couch with tears?
人若不肯受苦,不肯被壓低、屈身直到末了,不肯終日憂愁而行、受盡苦楚與極度的卑微,不肯因心裡的呻吟而哀號,不肯像房頂上孤單的麻雀、如同曠野的鵜鶘;不肯以靈魂的心志成為與院中眾人以及世上眾人都疏遠的客旅,對大人物與小人物都謹守不放縱;不肯在呻吟中勞苦、吃自己的餅如同吃灰、將所喝的與眼淚攙雜——那麼,弟兄們,他怎能夜夜洗淨他的床、用眼淚浸濕他的褥子呢?
1:538
Ὄντως οὐδέποτε οὐδαμῶς, οὐ μόνον ταῦτα ἐν ἐαυτῷ γεγονότα οὐ μή θεάσηται, ἀλλ οὐδέ ἐν εὐχῆ αὐτοῦ εὑρήσει αὐτά, οὐδέ τόπον ἑτοιμάσαι ἰσχύσει τῷ Κυρίῳ, οὐδέ σκήνωμα ἄξιον τῷ Θεῷ Ἰακώβ, ὅς ἐστι Χριστόν Κύριος, Σωτήρ καί Θεός ἡμῶν
Truly, never in any way. Not only will he never behold these things having come to pass in himself, but he will not even find them in his prayer, nor will he be able to prepare a place for the Lord, nor a dwelling worthy of the God of Jacob, who is Christ the Lord, our Savior and God.
確實,他絕不可能,也絕無此事。他不但永遠看不見這些事在自己身上成就,甚至在他的禱告中也找不到它們,也無法為主預備所在,無法為雅各的神——就是主基督、我們的救主與神——預備配得的居所。
1:539
Εἰ δέ μή ταῦτα προετοιμάσει καλῶς, οὐδέ μετά δακρύων, δηλονότι, οὐδέ ἀξίως καί ὡς δεῖ κοινωνῶν, τόν Βασιλέα καί Θεόν ἐν ἑαυτῷ ὑποδέξεται, κἄν ἅπαξ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ τοῦτο ποιήσειε
But if he does not first prepare these things well, then plainly, not communing with tears nor worthily and as one ought, he will not receive within himself the King and God, even if he should do this once a year.
但他若不先妥善預備這些事,那麼顯然,他既不帶眼淚領受、也不配得地按當有的方式領受,就不能在自己裡面接待那君王與神,縱使他一年只行此一次。
1:540
() Τά γάρ ἅγια τοῖς ἁγίοις καθ ἑκάστην οἱ μέν λέγουσι καί τοῖς ἄλλοις κηρύττουσι, μέγα ἐκβοῶντες αὐτοῖςεἴθε δέ καί ἑαυτοῖς, οἱ δέ λεγόντων ἐκείνων ἀκούετε
For 'the holy things for the holy'—this some proclaim daily and preach to others, crying it aloud to them (and would that they cried it to themselves as well!), while others hear those who say it.
因為「聖物歸於聖者」——這話有些人天天宣告,並向別人傳講,大聲向他們呼喊(但願他們也向自己呼喊!),另一些人則聽那些宣講的人。
1:541
Οὔ, ἀλλ μή καθ ἑκάστην τά κρυπτά τῆς καρδίας αὐτοῦ ἐξαγγέλλων, μή μετάνοιαν ἀξίαν ὑπέρ τούτων καί ὑπέρ τῶν ἐν ἀγνοίᾳ ἐπιδεικνύμενος, μή πενθῶν ἀεί καί σκυθρωπάζων πορευόμενος καί τά προειρημένα μή μετερχόμενος ἐν σπουδῇ, οὗτος οὐκ ἄξιος
No, but he who does not daily declare the hidden things of his heart, who does not display worthy repentance for these and for the things done in ignorance, who does not always mourn and walk about mournful and does not diligently pursue the aforesaid things—this man is not worthy.
不然,凡不天天披露自己心中隱秘之事的人,凡不為這些事以及在無知中所行之事顯出配得之悔改的人,凡不常常哀慟、不憂愁而行、不殷勤追求前述之事的人——這人就是不配的。
1:542
δέ ταῦτα πάντα ποιῶν καί καί ἐν στεναγμοῖς καί δάκρυσι τόν ἑαυτοῦ βίον διανύων, καί σφόδρα ἐστίν ἄξιος οὐκ ἐν ἑορτῇ μόνον, ἀλλά καθ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ἐξ αὐτῆς, εἰ τολμηρόν εἰπεῖν, τῆς ἀρχῆς τῆς μετανοίας καί ἐπιστροφῆς αὐτοῦ τῶν θείων τούτων ἐν μετοχῇ γίνεσθαι μυστηρίων
But he who does all these things and passes his life in groanings and tears is exceedingly worthy—not on a feast day only, but every single day, from the very beginning, if it be bold to say so, of his repentance and conversion—to become a partaker of these divine mysteries.
但凡行這一切事、在呻吟與眼淚中度過自己一生的人,就極其配得——不僅在節期,乃是每一天,甚至(若可斗膽這樣說)從他悔改與歸正之初起——就配得有分於這些神聖的奧秘。
1:543
Συγγνωστός γάρ ἐστιν τοιοῦτος, ὡς ἐν τούτοις καί τοῖς τοιούτοις ἔργοις μέλλων ἐγκαρτερεῖν μέχρι τέλους, ὁδεύων ἐν ταπεινώσει καί συντετριμμένῃ καρδίᾳ
For such a man is pardonable, inasmuch as he is going to persevere in these and suchlike works unto the end, journeying in humility and with a contrite heart.
因為這樣的人是可蒙寬恕的,因他必要在這些以及類似的工作中恆忍到底,以謙卑與痛悔的心行走。
1:544
Οὕτω γάρ ποιῶν καί οὕτως ἔχων, φωτίζεται τήν ψυχήν ὁσημέραι, βοηθούμενος ἐκ τῆς μεταλήψεως τῶν ἁγίων, καί εἰς τελείαν κάθαρσιν καί ἁγιότητα συηντόμως μᾶλλον ἀνάγεται
For acting thus and being thus disposed, he is enlightened in his soul day by day, being helped by the partaking of the holy things, and is more speedily raised up to perfect purity and holiness.
因為他這樣行、這樣存心,他的靈魂就日日得著光照,藉著領受聖物而蒙幫助,更快地被提升到完全的潔淨與聖潔。
1:545
Ἄλλως δέ πως ἀποπλυθῆναιἤ καθαρθῆναι τό ῥερυπωμένον ἡμῶν σκεῦος καί τήν μολυνθεῖσαν οἰκίαν ἡμῶν οὐκ ἔνι
For it is not possible in any other way for our soiled vessel to be washed or cleansed, nor our defiled house.
因為要洗淨或潔淨我們污穢的器皿、以及我們被玷污的居所,別無他法。
1:546
Ἐγώ γάρ οὐδέν πλέον οὔτε ἀπό τῶν θείων Γραφῶν μεμάθηκα, οὔτε ἐξ ἐμαυτοῦ γνῶναι ἴσχυσα
For I myself have learned nothing more, either from the divine Scriptures or from what I have been able to know of myself.
因為我自己所學到的,無論是從神聖的經文,或是憑自己所能知道的,都不過如此。
1:547
Λέγοντος γάρ ἀκούομεν καθ ἑκάστην τοῦ ἀποστόλου·
For we hear the Apostle saying daily:
因為我們天天聽見使徒說:
1:548
Δοκιμαζέτω γάρ, φησίν, ἕκαστος ἑαυτόν καί οὕτως ἐκ τοῦ ἄρτου ἐσθιέτω καί ἐκ τοῦ ποτηρίου πινέστω
'Let each one,' he says, 'examine himself, and so let him eat of the bread and drink of the cup.
他說:「人應當自己省察,然後吃這餅、喝這杯。
1:549
γάρ ἀναξίως ἐσθίων καί πίνων τό σῶμα τοῦ Κυρίου, κρῖμα ἑαυτῷ ἐσθίει καί πίνεικαί πάλιν·Ὁ δέ ἀναξίως ἐσθίων τό σῶμα καί τό αἷμα τοῦ Κυρίου, () ἔνοχος ἔσται τοῦ σώματος καί αἵματος τοῦ Κυρίου, μή διακρίνων τό σῶμα τοῦ Κυρίου
For he who eats and drinks the body of the Lord unworthily eats and drinks judgment to himself'; and again: 'He who eats unworthily the body and blood of the Lord shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord, not discerning the body of the Lord.'
因為那不按理吃主之身體、喝主之寶血的人,就是吃喝自己的罪」;又說:「那不按理吃主身體、喝主寶血的人,因不分辨主的身體,就要擔當干犯主身體與寶血的罪。」
1:550
ὅσον τό ἐπ αὐτῷ, τῶν μυστηρίων μεταλαβεῖν;
so far as it rests with him, to partake of the mysteries?
就他自己而言,該當如何有分於這些奧秘呢?
1:551
Καρπός γάρ τῆς μετανοίας πρῶτος ταῦτά εἰσι καί, ὥσπερ βδελυρά τοῦ σώματος ῥύσις καί τῆς καρδίας πρός πᾶν πάθος οἱονεί ἐνήδονος μίξις τῷ διαβόλῳ οἵα τις θυσία προσάγεται παρ ἡμῶν, οὕτω τά ἐξ αὐτῆς χεόμενα πάλιν δάκρυα θυσία εὐπρόσδεκτος τῷ Δεσπότῃ προσφέρονται καί τῆς ἐμπαθοῦς ἐκείνης ἡδονῆς τό αἶσχος ἀποκαθαίρουσι, καί τοῦτο δηλῶν Δαυίδ ἔλεγε·
For these are the first fruit of repentance; and just as the abominable flux of the body and the, as it were, pleasure-mingled union of the heart with every passion is offered by us to the devil as a kind of sacrifice, so the tears that pour forth from that same soul are again offered to the Master as an acceptable sacrifice, and cleanse away the shame of that passionate pleasure; and David, showing this, said:
因為這些乃是悔改的頭一個果子;並且,正如身體那可憎的漏泄、以及心與各樣情慾那彷彿摻雜著快感的結合,被我們當作某種祭物獻給魔鬼,照樣,那從同一靈魂湧流而出的眼淚,也再度作為蒙悅納的祭物獻給主,並洗淨那屬情慾之快感的羞恥;大衛也顯明這事,說:
1:552
ἐν ἕξει γάρ τοιαύτῃ γενομένη ἡμῶν ψυχή καί οὕτω καθ ἑκάστην ταπεινουμένη, ἡμέραν μίαν οὐ διέρχεταί ποτε ἄνευ δακρύων κατά τόν εἰρηκότα Δαυίδ·
for when our soul has come into such a habitual state and is thus daily humbled, it never passes a single day without tears, according to David who said:
因為當我們的靈魂進入這樣的常態、如此天天被降卑時,它就絕不會有一天不流淚地度過,正如大衛所說:
1:553
Διά τοῦτο οὖν παρακαλῶ καί ὑμᾶς, πατέρες καί ἀδελφοί μου, ἐν σπουδῇ ἕκαστος τήν ἑαυτοῦ ψυχήν ἐν τούτοις καί τοῖς τοιούτοις ἐγγυμνασάτω ἔργοις, ἥτις κατανυγεῖσα καί μεταποιηθεῖσα κατά μικρόν, πηγή γίνεται ποταμούς δακρύων καί κατανύξεως ἀναβλύζουσα
For this reason, therefore, I exhort you also, my fathers and brethren, let each one diligently exercise his own soul in these and suchlike works; and that soul, being pricked with compunction and little by little transformed, becomes a fountain gushing up rivers of tears and compunction.
因此,我也勸勉你們,我的父老弟兄們,願各人殷勤地在這些以及類似的工作中操練自己的靈魂;那靈魂既被痛悔所刺透、漸漸被更新,就成為一道泉源,湧出眼淚與痛悔的江河。
1:554
Εἰ δέ μή οὕτω καθαροί γεγονέναι σπουδάσομεν, ἀλλ ἐν ἀμελείᾳ καί ῥᾳθυμίᾳ καί χαυνότητι πορεύεσθαι θελήσομεν, ἐγώ μέν οὐδέν ἐρῶ φορτικόν φειδοῖς τῆς ἀγάπης ὑμῶν, () πλήν τοῦτο, ἵτι κἄν συμβῇ ποτέ τινα μετά δακρύων ἴσως κοινωνῆσαι, ἤγουνἤ πρό τῆς λειτουργίαςἤ ἐν τῇ θείᾳ λειτουργίᾳἤ καί ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ καιρῷ τῆς τῶν θείων μεταλήψεως κλαῦσαι, τάς δέ λοιπάς ἡμέρας τε καί νύκτας οὐ προθυμεῖται τοῦτο ποιεῖν, οὐδέν αὐτῷ ἐκ τοῦ πρός ἅπαξ κλαῦσαι τό ὄφελος ἔσται
But if we do not thus strive to become clean, but rather choose to walk in negligence and sloth and slackness, I for my part will say nothing burdensome, out of sparing regard for your love—except only this: that even if it should ever chance that someone communes perhaps with tears, that is, weeps either before the liturgy or during the divine liturgy or even at the very moment of partaking of the divine things, but is not eager to do this the rest of the days and nights, there will be for him no benefit from that once-only weeping.
但我們若不這樣竭力求潔淨,反倒甘願在怠惰、懶散與鬆懈中行走,那麼為顧惜你們的愛心,我這一方面不說任何令人難堪的話——只說這一點:縱使有時偶然有人或許帶著眼淚領受聖餐,就是在禮儀之前、或在神聖禮儀之中、或甚至正在領受聖物的那一刻哭泣,卻不熱切在其餘的日夜也如此行,那麼那僅此一次的哭泣對他毫無益處。
1:555
Οὐ γάρ τοῦτο μόνον ἀξίους ἡμᾶς εὐθύς ἀποκαθαῖρον ποιεῖ, ἀλλά τό καθ ἑκάστην καί ἀδιαλείπτως μέχρι θανάτου πενθεῖν, ὡς αὐτός ἠμῖν Δεσπότης ποιεῖν προσέταξε Μετανοεῖτε, λέγων, αἰτεῖτε καί ζητεῖτε καί κρούετε
For it is not this alone that at once makes us worthy by cleansing us, but rather to mourn daily and unceasingly unto death, as the Master Himself commanded us to do, saying: 'Repent,' and 'Ask and seek and knock.'
因為單單這一次哭泣並不能立刻藉潔淨我們而使我們配得,乃是要天天不住地哀慟直到死,正如主自己吩咐我們去行的,說:「你們要悔改」,又說:「你們要祈求、尋找、叩門」。
1:556
Ἕως οὗ λήψεσθε, φησί, καί εὑρήσετε καί ἀνοιγήσεται ὑμῖν
'Until you receive,' He says, 'and find, and it be opened to you.'
祂說:「直等你們得著、尋見,並且門為你們開了。」
1:557
βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν, δηλονότι
The kingdom of heaven, that is.
這就是說,天國。
1:558
Αὕτη γάρ μετάνοια καί οὕτως ἀπαραλείπτως, ὡς εἴπομεν, μέχρι θανάτου μετά πόνου καί θλίψεως ἐπιτελουμένη, κατά μικρόν μικρόν δάκρυα προχέειν ἡμᾶς ποιεῖ πικρά, δι ὧν ἀποσμήχει καί ἀποκαθαίρει τόν τῆς ψυχῆς ῥύπον καί μολυσμόν·
For this repentance—thus performed without omission, as we have said, unto death with toil and affliction—makes us little by little pour forth bitter tears, through which it wipes away and cleanses the filth and defilement of the soul;
因為這悔改——正如我們所說,如此毫不遺漏地、以勞苦與患難行到死——就使我們漸漸地流出苦澀的眼淚,藉此擦去並潔淨靈魂的污穢與玷污;
1:559
μετά ταῦτα δέ μετάνοιαν ἡμῖν ἐμποιεῖ καθαράν καί εἰς γλυκέα τά πικρά δάκρυα μεταβάλλει καί χαράν ἀένναον ἀπογεννᾷ ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν καί τό ἄδυτον φέγγος ἰδεῖν προξενεῖ, εἰ μή πάσῃ σπουδῇ καταλαβεῖν ἀγωνισόμεθα, πνευματικοί πατέρες καί ἀδελφοί, οὐκ ἄν τῶν παθῶν ἁπάντων τελείως ἀπαλλαγῶμεν, οὐ ἄν τάς ἀρετάς κτησώμεθα πάσας, οὐκ ἄν ἀξίωςἤ μετά δακρύων τῶν κατά Θεόν ἰσχύσωμεν ποτε τῶν θείων μυστηρίων καθ ἑκάστην μεταλαμβάνεινἤ τό συνόν αὐτοῖς θεάσασθαι θεῖον φῶς
and after these things it produces in us pure repentance and changes the bitter tears into sweet ones, and begets everlasting joy in our hearts, and procures for us the sight of the unsetting radiance. And if we do not strive with all diligence to attain this, spiritual fathers and brethren, we shall neither be perfectly delivered from all the passions, nor acquire all the virtues, nor ever be able worthily or with godly tears to partake daily of the divine mysteries, nor to behold the divine light that dwells within them.
此後它又在我們裡面生出純潔的悔改,把苦澀的眼淚變為甘甜的,在我們心中生出永不止息的喜樂,並為我們帶來得見那永不沉落之光輝的機會。屬靈的父老弟兄們,我們若不竭盡全力去竭力得著這光,就既不能完全脫離一切情慾,也不能獲得一切美德,更永遠不能配得地、或帶著屬神的眼淚天天領受這些神聖的奧秘,也不能得見那與奧秘同在的神聖之光。
1:560
Ἀλλ οὐδέ τήν καρδίαν ἕξομέν ποτε καθαράν, οὐδέ τό Ἅγιον Πνεῦμα ἐνοικήσει γνωστῶς ἐν ἡμῖν, οὐδέ ἰδεῖν ἀξιωθησόμεθα, ὡς οἱ ἅγιοι, τόν Θεόν οὔτε ἐνταῦθα ὄντες () οὔτε ἐκεῖ μοί δοκεῖ, τυφλοί ἀπελθόντες, ἀλλ ὡς Θεολόγος λέγει Γρηγόριος, τοσοῦτον τῆς ἐκείνου θέας ἐκπέσομεν κατά τήν ἀναλογίαν τῆς ἑκάστου ἡμῶν ἀπεντεῦθεν ἀμβλυωπίας, καθ ὅσον τοῦ φωτός αὐτοῦ ἑκουσίως ἑαυτούς ὑστερήσαμεν ἐν τῇ παρούσῃ ζωῇ
But we shall never have a pure heart, nor will the Holy Spirit dwell knowably within us, nor shall we be counted worthy to see God, as the saints did, neither while we are here—nor there, I think, having departed blind; but as Gregory the Theologian says, we shall fall short of that vision to the same degree, according to the proportion of the dimness of sight that each of us has from this present life, as we have willingly deprived ourselves of His light in the present life.
反倒,我們就永遠不會有純潔的心,聖靈也不會在我們裡面可知地居住,我們也不配像眾聖徒那樣得見神——無論是在此地,或是(我以為)作為瞎眼者離世之後在彼處也不能得見;反倒正如神學家貴格利所說,我們必按著各人在今生所帶有之視力昏昧的程度,虧缺於那異象,其程度恰如我們在今生自願使自己失去祂之光的程度。
1:561
Οἱ γάρ ἐκτός τῶν δύο τούτων τοῦ βίου ὑπεξερχόμενοι, ἄδηλον ἔχουσι τό πέρας τῆς περί αὐτούς ἀποφάσεως
For those who depart from this life without these two things have no certainty as to the outcome of the sentence pronounced upon them.
凡缺少這兩樣而離世的人,對於臨到他們的判決之結局,並無把握。
1:562
Τό δέ ἄδηλον καί ἀβέβαιον, ἀνέλπιστον καί ἀπληροφόρητον·
But that which is uncertain and unsure is also without hope and without conviction;
然而那不確定、不穩固的,也就沒有指望、缺乏確據;
1:563
γάρ μή χάριτι τήν καρδίαν βεβαιούμενος ἐξ οὐδενός ἑτέρου τήν ἀκαταίσχυντον ἐλπίδα ἀδίστακτόν ποτε, οἶμαι, κτήσεται·
for the man whose heart is not made firm by grace will never, I think, acquire from any other source a hope that is unashamed and free from doubt.
因為那內心不被恩典堅立的人,我想,斷不能從別處得著那毫無羞愧、毫不動搖的盼望。
1:564
δέ ταύτην μή ἔχων, διά τίνος ἄλλου εἰς ἀπάντησιν τοῦ Κυρίου εἰς ἀέρα συναρπαγήσεται τοῖς ἁγίοις;
And he who does not possess this hope, by what other means shall he be caught up in the air together with the saints to meet the Lord?
凡沒有這盼望的人,又要藉著什麼別的方法,與眾聖徒一同被提到空中迎接主呢?
1:565
Διά τίνος δέ καί λαμπάς ἡμῶν τότε ἐξαναφθήσεται, ἐσβεσμένη ἀπό τῶν ὧδε τυγχάνουσα;
By what means, too, shall our lamp then be kindled anew, if it has already been extinguished while we were here?
我們的燈若在此世已然熄滅,那時又要藉著什麼再度點燃呢?
1:566
μοι, τοῦ ταύτην ἀνάψαι μέλλοντος, πόθενἤ πῶς, ἵνα τότε ἑτοιμασθέντες φαιδροί φαιδραῖς ταῖς λαμπάσι τῷ νυμφίῳ προσυπαντήσωμεν;
Tell me, from what source or in what manner shall it be lit that must give me light, so that then, having made ready and radiant, we may go forth with shining lamps to meet the Bridegroom?
求你告訴我:那將要點亮我這燈的,要從何處、又要如何得來,使我們那時得以預備妥當、容光煥發,帶著明亮的燈去迎接新郎呢?
1:567
Ἐξαναστάντων γάρ ἡμῶν ὡς ἐξ ὕπνου, εὐθύς πρός τήν ἀπάντησιν, ὡς ἀκούετε, τρέχειν μέλλομεν
For when we are raised up as from sleep, we must, as you hear, straightway run to meet him.
因為當我們如同從睡夢中被喚起,正如你們所聽見的,我們必要立刻奔跑前去迎接。
1:568
Εἰ οὖν καθεζομένων καί ἐν τοῖς μνήμασιν οἰκούντων ἡμῶν, ἐκβοήσασα σάλπιγξ ἐξυπνήσει ἡμᾶς, ἐάν μή ἀπό τῶν ὧδε, ὡς λαμπάδας προαναφθείσας, ἔχωμεν τάς ψυχάς, ἀλλ εὑρεθῶσινἤ μηδόλωςἤ ὀλίγον τι καί μικρόν φαίνουσαι καί ὅσον οὔπω σβεσθῆναι, κατά τήν εὐαγγελικήν φωνήν, μέλλουσαι, ποῦ τότε εὑρήσομενἤ τάς παντελῶς () ἐσβεσμένας ἀνάψαιἤ ταῖς σβεννυμέναις ἀπό τῆς ἐνδείας τοῦ ἐλαίου προσθεῖναί τι μικρόν;
If, then, while we sit and dwell in the tombs, the trumpet's blast rouses us from sleep, and unless we have our souls kindled beforehand from here like lamps already lit, but they be found either not shining at all or giving but a little, feeble light and, according to the Gospel word, about to go out at any moment, where shall we then find means either to rekindle those wholly extinguished, or to add a little to those going out for lack of oil?
那麼,當我們安臥、居於墳墓之中,號筒的響聲喚醒了我們的時候,我們的靈魂若不是從此世就如同預先點亮的燈那樣被點燃,反倒被發現或全然不亮,或只發出些微、微弱的光,正如福音的話所說,隨時將要熄滅,那時我們又要到哪裡去,或把那全然熄滅的重新點燃,或給那因缺油而將熄的添上一點油呢?
1:569
Ὄντως οὐδέν οὐδαμοῦ εὑρήσομεν
Truly, nowhere at all shall we find anything.
誠然,我們無論在何處都尋不著什麼。
1:570
Διά τοῦτο σπουδάσωμεν ἀπεντεῦθεν ἤδη ταύτας ἀνάψαι διά μετανοίας ὁμοῦ καί δακρύων φαιδρῶς, ἵνα ἐν τῇ ἀναστάσει λαμπροί λαμπρῶς τῷ νυμφίῳ προσυπαντήσωμεν καί συνεισελευσώμεθα αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τῶν οὐρανῶν καί τῶν αἰωνίων κατααπολαύσωμεν ἀγαθῶν, ὧν γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἐπιτυχεῖν ἐν αὐτῷ Χριστῷ τῷ Θεῷ ἡμῶν, πρέπει πᾶσα δόξα, τιμή καί προσκύνησις εἰς τούς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων
Therefore let us be zealous from this moment already to kindle these lamps brightly, through repentance together with tears, so that at the resurrection we, being radiant, may radiantly go forth to meet the Bridegroom, and enter in with him into the kingdom of heaven, and enjoy the eternal good things; which may it be granted to us all to attain in Christ himself our God, to whom belong all glory, honour and worship unto the ages of ages.
因此,讓我們從如今就殷勤地藉著悔改並眼淚,將這些燈明亮地點燃,好叫我們在復活的時候,光彩奪目地光彩迎接新郎,與祂一同進入諸天的國,享受那永遠的美善;願我們眾人都在我們的神基督裡得以承受這一切;一切榮耀、尊貴、敬拜都歸與祂,直到世世代代。
1:571
Καί ὅτι οὐκ ἀρκεῖ ἡμῖν τῶν ἐνόντων μόνον διάδοσις καί ἀπογύμνωσις αὐτή τῶν πραγμάτων εἰς κάθαρσιν ψυχῆς, ἐάν μή καί τό πένθος κτησώμεθα
And that the mere distribution of our possessions and the stripping away of these very things does not suffice for the cleansing of the soul, unless we also acquire mourning.
又論到:單單分散我們所有的財物、單單把這些事物剝除淨盡,並不足以潔淨靈魂,除非我們也得著憂傷痛悔。
1:572
Καί περί τῆς τοῦ Ἀδάμ ἐξορίας
And concerning the exile of Adam.
又論到亞當的被逐。
1:573
Καί ὅτι εἰ μετενόησε παραβάς, οὐκ ἄν τοῦ παραδείσου ἐξέπεσε
And that, had he repented after transgressing, he would not have fallen from paradise.
又論到:他若在犯罪之後悔改,就不至於從樂園墜落。
1:574
Καί οἷον ἀγαθόν εἰργάσατο αὐτοῦ μετά τήν ἔκπτωσιν μετάνοια
And what good his repentance after the fall wrought for him.
又論到:他墮落之後的悔改,為他成就了何等的好處。
1:575
Καί περί τῆς δευτέρας τοῦ Κυρίου παρουσίας καί τῆς τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν κατακρίσεως
And concerning the second coming of the Lord and the condemnation of sinners.
又論到主的第二次降臨,以及罪人的定罪。
1:576
Καί πρός τό τέλος, ἔλεγχος τῶν ἐν κακίᾳ καί ὑποκρίσει ζώντων
And, toward the end, a reproof of those who live in wickedness and hypocrisy.
又論到:在末了,責備那些活在邪惡與假冒為善中的人。
1:577
() Ἀδελφοί καί πατέρες, καλόν μετάνοια καί ἐξ αὐτῆς γινομένη ὠφέλεια
Brethren and fathers, repentance is a good thing, and so is the benefit that comes from it.
弟兄們,父老們,悔改是好的,由悔改而來的益處也是好的。
1:578
Τοῦτο γάρ εἰδώς καί τά πάντα προειδώς Κύριος Ἰησοῦς Χριστός, Θεός ἡμῶν, Μετανοεῖτε, ἔφη, ἤγγικε γάρ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν
For knowing this, the Lord Jesus Christ our God, who foreknows all things, said, 'Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.'
因為我們的神,那預知萬事的主耶穌基督,也知道這事,就說:「你們要悔改,因為天國近了。」
1:579
Θέλετε δέ μαθεῖν πῶς δίχα μετανοίας, καί μετανοίας ἀπό ψυχῆς καί οἵαν λόγος ἐπιζητεῖ παρ ἡμῶν, ἀδύνατον σωθῆναι ἡμᾶς;
Do you wish to learn how, apart from repentance—repentance from the soul, and such as the word requires of us—it is impossible for us to be saved?
你們願意知道嗎:若沒有悔改,就是發自靈魂的悔改,並且是主的話向我們所要求的那種悔改,我們就不可能得救?
1:580
Αὐτοῦ τοῦ ἀποστόλου βοῶντος ἀκούσατε·
Hear the Apostle himself crying out:
請聽使徒自己所高聲宣告的:
1:581
Πᾶσα ἁμαρτία ἐκτός τοῦ σώματος ἐστιν·
'Every sin is outside the body;
「凡人所犯的罪都在身體以外;
1:582
δέ πορνεύων εἰς τό ἴδιον σῶμα ἁμαρτάνει, καί πάλιν·
but he who commits fornication sins against his own body'; and again:
惟有行淫的,是得罪自己的身體。」又說:
1:583
Παραστῆναι δεῖ ἡμᾶς ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ βήματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἵνα ἀπολήψηται ἕκαστος () τά διά τοῦ σώματος πρόςἅ ἔπραξεν, εἴτε ἀγαθόν εἴτε φαῦλον
'We must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, that each one may receive the things done through the body, according to what he has done, whether good or evil.'
「我們眾人必要顯露在基督的審判台前,叫各人按著本身所行的,或善或惡,領受藉著身體所作的報應。」
1:584
Ἔχει οὖν πολλάκις ἐκ τούτου τις εἰπεῖν·
Now from this someone may often be able to say:
如今從這話,或許有人常會說:
1:585
Εὐχαριστῶ τῷ Θεῷ, ὅτι οὐκ ἐμίανα μέλος σώματός μου ἐν οὐδεμιᾷ τινι πονηρᾷ πράξειὅπερ εἰπεῖν οὐκ ἔχω τέως ἐγώ, πάσης ἀνομίας ἐργάτης!
'I thank God that I have not defiled any member of my body in any wicked deed'—which I, for my part, am not able to say, being the worker of all lawlessness!
「我感謝神,我未曾在任何惡行上玷污我身體的任何肢體」──這話我卻無從說出,因為我乃是一切不法的行事者!
1:586
καί ἔχει δῆθεν παραμυθίαν ἐκ τούτου ὅτι ἐκτός ἐστιν ἁμαρτίας σώματος αὐτοῦ
And such a one supposedly derives comfort from this, that he is free from sin against his body.
這樣的人似乎從此得著安慰,以為自己是脫離了得罪身體之罪。
1:587
Ἀλλ ἀντιφθέγγεται Δεσπότης καί λέγει τήν περί τῶν δέκα παρθένων παραβολήν καί δείκνυσι πᾶσιν ἡμῖν καί ἀποφαίνεται μηδέν ὠφελεῖσθαι ἡμᾶς ἐκ τῆς τοῦ σώματος καθαρότητος μή προσουσῶν ἡμῖν καί τῶν λοιπῶν ἀρετῶν
But the Master speaks against this and tells the parable of the ten virgins, and shows to us all and declares that we derive no benefit from the purity of the body if the other virtues are not present in us.
然而主卻反駁這話,講了那十個童女的比喻,向我們眾人指明並宣告:我們若沒有其餘的美德,就從身體的潔淨得不著什麼益處。
1:588
Οὐ μόνον δέ ἀλλά καί αὐτός πάλιν Παῦλος συνᾴδοντα τῷ Δεσπότῃ βοᾷ λέγων·
And not only so, but Paul himself, in agreement with the Master, cries out saying:
不但如此,保羅自己也與主同聲,高呼說:
1:589
Διότι οὐ δυνατόν ἐστιν ἐν ὥρᾳ μιᾷ γενέσθαι καί εἶναι ἁγίους ἡμᾶς, δεῖ γάρ ἀπό μικρῶν ἀρξαμένους κατά προκοπήν ἀναχθῆναι εἰς ἁγιωσύνην καί καθαρότητα·
Because it is not possible for us to become and to be holy in a single hour; for we must begin from small things and, by progress, be led up into holiness and purity;
因為我們不可能在一時之間就成為聖潔、就是聖潔的人;我們乃是必須從微小的事起步,藉著長進,被引到聖潔與潔淨的地步;
1:590
ὡς ἀρχήν βάλοντες, ὀφείλομεν ἐν αὐτῇ ἀγωνίζεσθαι·
so that, having laid a beginning, we ought to strive in it;
既已立下開端,我們就當在其中竭力奮鬥;
1:591
καί τοῦτο αὐτός πάλιν ἐδήλωσεν οὕτως εἰπών·
and this he himself again made plain, saying thus:
這事他自己又這樣說明了:
1:592
Διώκω δέ εἰ καί καταλάβω, ἐφ καί κατελήφθην
'I press on, if I may also lay hold of that for which I was also laid hold of.'
「我竭力追求,或者可以得著基督耶穌所以得著我的。」
1:593
Διά τοῦτο, ἀδελφοί μου, προσέχετε, παρακαλῶ, καί ἀκούσατε λόγους ἀδελφοῦ ὑμῶν ἐλαχίστου καί ἁμαρτωλοῦ, καί δεῦτε προσκυνήσωμεν καί προσπέσωμεν τῷ ἀγαθῷ καί φιλανθρώπῳ Θεῷ ἡμῶν
Therefore, my brethren, give heed, I beseech you, and hear the words of your brother, who is least and a sinner, and come, let us worship and fall down before our good and man-loving God.
所以我的弟兄們,我懇求你們留心,聽你們這至微小、又是罪人之弟兄的話;來吧,讓我們向我們良善、愛人的神敬拜、俯伏。
1:594
Προφθάσωμεν τό πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐξομολογήσει καί κλαύσωμεν ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ τοῦ ποιήσαντος () ἡμᾶς, ὅτι αὐτός ἐστι Κύριος Θεός καί ἡμεῖς λαός αὐτοῦ καί πρόβατα νομῆς αὐτοῦ, καί οὐ μή ἀποστρέψῃ τό πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ἀφ ἡμῶν
Let us come before his face with confession, and let us weep before him who made us; for he is the Lord our God, and we are his people and the sheep of his pasture, and he will not turn his face away from us.
讓我們以認罪來到祂面前,在那造我們的主面前哀哭;因為祂是耶和華我們的神,我們是祂的子民,是祂草場的羊,祂必不使祂的面轉離我們。
1:595
Διαρρήξατε, φησί, τάς καρδίας ὑμῶν καί μή τά ἱμάτια ὑμῶν
'Rend,' he says, 'your hearts and not your garments.'
祂說:「你們要撕裂心腸,不要撕裂衣服。」
1:596
Τί τό ὄφελος, εἰπέ μοι, ἐάν πάντα μέν τά ὑπάρχοντα ἡμῶν πτωχοῖς διανείμωμεν, οὐ ποιησώμεθα δέ τήν ἀποχήν τοῦ κακοῦ οὐδέ τήν ἁμαρτίαν μισήσωμεν;
What profit is there, tell me, if we distribute all our possessions to the poor, but do not abstain from evil, nor hate sin?
求你告訴我,若我們把一切所有的都分給窮人,卻不遠離惡事,也不恨惡罪,這有什麼益處呢?
1:597
Τί δέ ἐάν πρακτικῶς μέν σωματικήν ἁμαρτίαν οὐ πράττωμεν, νοητῶς δέ αἰσχροῖς καί ἀκαθάρτοις συνδυάζωμεν λογισμοῖς καί ἀφανῶς τήν ἁμαρτίαν πληρῶμεν καί ὑπό παθῶν ἀκαθέκτων ψυχῆς βασιλευώμεθα καί κρατώμεθα;
And what, if in practice we do not commit bodily sin, but in the mind consort with shameful and unclean thoughts and secretly fulfil the sin, and are ruled and mastered by the ungovernable passions of the soul?
又若我們在行為上雖不犯身體的罪,卻在意念裡與那可恥污穢的思想勾連,暗中成就了罪,被靈魂那不受約束的情慾所轄制、所挾持,這又有什麼益處呢?
1:598
Ἀποβαλώμεθα, παρακαλῶ, μετά τῶν χρημάτων ἡμῶν καί τῶν εἰρημένων κακῶν τήν συνήθη δουλείαν, καί μή στῶμεν μέχρι τούτου, ἀλλά καί δάκρυσι μετανοίας τόν ῥύπον αὐτῶν σπουδαίως ἀπονιψώμεθα
Let us cast off, I beseech you, together with our riches and the aforesaid evils, our habitual bondage; and let us not stop there, but let us also with tears of repentance diligently wash away their filth.
我懇求你們,讓我們與我們的財物並上述諸惡一同,脫去那積習已久的奴役;且不要止於此,更要以悔改的眼淚殷勤地洗淨那些污穢。
1:599
Ὥσπερ γάρ αὐτός βασιλεύς, τό διάδημα καί τήν πορφύραν τῆς βασιλείας περικείμενος, θησαυρούς ἔχων ἀμετρήτου χρυσίου καί ἀργυρίου καί ἐπί θρόνου ὑψηλοῦ καί μετεώρου καθήμενος, ἐάν βόρβορον καί ἀσβόλην ἑκουσίως λάβοι ποθέν καί σύν αὐταῖς ταῖς χερσί καί ὅλον αὐτοῦ τό πρόσωπον χρίσας ἐφμράξῃ πάσας αὐτοῦ τάς αἰσθήσεις, ὡς μήτε ὁρᾶν αὐτόν δύνασθαι μήτε ἀκούειν μήτε ὀσφραίνεσθαι, εἶτα μεταμεληθείς ἀπαλλαγήν τοῦ κακοῦ τούτου ζητῶν, οὐκ εἰσέλθῆ ταχέως εἰς τόν κοιτῶνα αὐτοῦ καί ὕδασι πολλοῖς ἀπονίψηται τόν βόρβορον ἐκεῖνον καί τήν ἀσβόλην, () καί οὕτω πάλιν ὡς τό πρότερον κεκαθαρμένος ἐπί τόν θρόνον τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ καθεσθῇ, ἀλλ ἀντί τούτου σκορπίσῃ μόνον πάντας αὐτοῦ τούς θησαυρούς τοῖς πένησι καί πᾶσαν αὐτοῦ κινητήν καί ἀκίνητον περιουσίαν ἀποδῴη αὐτοῖς, οὐδέν ἐκ τούτου ὠφελήσει ἑαυτόν μή ἀπονιψάμενος τήν ἀσβόλην καί τόν βόρβορον ὕδατι, ἀλλά καί γέλως ἔσται τοῖς ὁρῶσιν αὐτόν, ὧδε κἀκεῖσε ὡς μορμολύκιον μέσον τῆς συγκλήτου ἀναστρεφόμενος, οὕτως οὐδέ ἕτερός τις ἑαυτόν ὠφελήσει πάντα μέν τά ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ διανείμας τοῖς πένησι, πᾶσαν δέ φτωχείαν καί ἀκτημοσύνην ἀναλαβόμενος, ἀποχήν δέ μή ποιησάμενος τοῦ κακοῦ, μηδέ διά μετανοίας καί δακρύων ἀποκαθάρας αὐτοῦ τήν ψυχήν
For just as when the king himself, wearing the diadem and the purple of his kingship, possessing treasures of measureless gold and silver, and seated upon a lofty and elevated throne, should willingly take mire and soot from somewhere and, smearing his whole face together with his very hands, should stop up all his senses, so that he could neither see nor hear nor smell; and then, having repented and seeking release from this evil, should not swiftly enter into his chamber and wash off with much water that mire and soot, and thus, cleansed again as before, sit upon the throne of his kingdom—but instead of this should only scatter all his treasures to the poor and give over to them his whole movable and immovable substance—he would gain nothing thereby, not having washed off the soot and mire with water, but would even become a laughing-stock to those who behold him, wandering here and there like a bogey in the midst of the senate; so likewise no other man will profit himself by distributing all his possessions to the poor, and taking on complete poverty and destitution, if he has not abstained from evil, nor cleansed his soul through repentance and tears.
因為正如那君王,頭戴王冠、身披王權的紫袍,擁有無數金銀的寶藏,坐在崇高聳立的寶座上,若甘願從某處取來污泥與煙灰,親手把污泥抹遍自己整個臉面,塞住他一切的官能,以致既不能看、也不能聽、也不能嗅;後來他懊悔了,尋求脫離這惡,卻不速速進入自己的內室,用許多水把那污泥與煙灰洗去,好叫自己像先前一樣潔淨,再坐上他王國的寶座;反倒單單把他一切的寶藏分散給窮人,把他一切動產與不動產的財富都給了他們──他這樣行卻絲毫無益於自己,因他沒有用水洗去煙灰與污泥,反倒要成為看見他之人的笑柄,如同一個嚇人的鬼怪在元老院中東西遊蕩;照樣,若有人把他一切所有的都分給窮人,甘領一切的貧窮與無產,卻不遠離惡事,也不藉著悔改與眼淚潔淨自己的靈魂,他也絲毫無益於自己。
1:600
Πᾶς γάρ ἄνθρωπος, ἁμαρτήσας ὁμοίως ἐμοί τῷ κατακεκριμένῳ καί βορβόρῳ τῶν ἡδονῶν τάς αἰσθήσεις ἐμφράξας αὐτοῦ τῆς ψυχῆς, εἰ καί πᾶσαν μέν τήν περιουσίαν αὐτοῦ διένειμε τοῖς πτωχοῖς, πᾶσαν δέ δόξαν ἀξιωμάτων περιφάνειάν τε οἴκων καί ἵππων, ποιμνίων καί βουκολίων καί ἀνδραπόδων, αὐτούς τε πάντας τούς ἰδίους καί φίλους καί συγγενεῖς κατέλιπε καί πτωχός καί ἀκτήμων εἰς τό τῶν μοναχῶν σχῆμα ἐλθών ἐγένετο, ἀλλ οὖν ὡς ἀναγκαίων τῇ ζωῇ αὐτοῦ δέεται τῶν δακρύων τῆς μετανοίας, ἵνα τόν βόρβορον τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων αὐτοῦ ἀπονίψηται, καί μᾶλλον ἐάν ἔτι καθάπερ ἐγώ τήν ἀσβόλην καί τόν βόρβορον τῶν πολλῶν αὐτοῦ κακῶν οὐκ ἐπί τοῦ προσώπου μόνον καί τῶν χειρῶν, ἀλλά καί ὅλως ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ σώματι περιφέρηται
For every man who has sinned as I, the condemned, have, and who has stopped up the senses of his soul with the mire of pleasures—even if he has distributed all his substance to the poor, and has forsaken all glory of rank and the splendour of houses and horses, of flocks and herds and slaves, and all his own kinsfolk and friends and relatives, and, become poor and possessionless, has entered into the monastic habit—yet he needs, as things necessary to his life, the tears of repentance, so that he may wash off the mire of his sins; and all the more if, like me, he still carries about the soot and mire of his many evils, not only on his face and hands, but altogether over his whole body.
因為凡像我這受咒詛之人一樣犯罪、又用逸樂的污泥塞住自己靈魂官能的人,即或他把一切的財產分給窮人,捨棄了尊位的一切榮耀、房舍馬匹、牛羊群畜與奴僕的華美,撇下了他一切親人、朋友與骨肉,成了貧窮無產,進入了修士的身分,然而他仍舊需要悔改的眼淚,如同生命所必需的,好叫他洗去自己諸罪的污泥;尤其若他像我一樣,仍舊帶著他許多惡行的煙灰與污泥,不僅在臉面與手上,更是滿佈全身。
1:601
Οὐ γάρ ἀρκεῖ μόνον ἡμῖν τῶν ὑπαρχόντων διάδοσις εἰς κάθαρσιν τῆς ψυχῆς, ἐάν μή καί κλαύσωμεν καί θρηνήσωμεν () ἀπό ψυχῆς, ἀδελφοί
For the mere distribution of our possessions does not suffice us for the cleansing of the soul, unless we also weep and lament from the soul, brethren.
弟兄們,因為單單分散我們所有的財物,並不足以潔淨我們的靈魂,除非我們也發自靈魂地哀哭、悲歎。
1:602
μολυσμοῦ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων μου ἐκκαθάρω, ἀλλά μεμολυσμένος τοῦ βίου ἐξέλθω, δικαίως καί παρά τοῦ Θεοῦ καί παρά τῶν ἀγγέλων αὐτοῦ καταγελασθήσομαι καί σύν τοῖς δαίμοσιν εἰς τό πῦρ τό αἰώνιον ἐκβληθήσομαι
...if I do not cleanse away the defilement of my sins, but depart from this life defiled, I shall justly be mocked both by God and by his angels, and shall be cast out with the demons into the eternal fire.
……我若不洗除我諸罪的污穢,反倒帶著污穢離開此生,我就要公義地被神並祂的眾使者所嗤笑,且要與眾魔鬼一同被丟在永火裡。
1:603
Ναί, ὄντως οὕτως ἐστίν, ἀδελφοί!
Yes, truly it is so, brethren!
是的,弟兄們,實在是這樣!
1:604
Οὐδέν γάρ εἰσηνέγκαμεν εἰς τόν κόσμον, ἵνα ἁμαρτήσαντες δῶμεν αὐτό ἀντίλυτρον τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν τῷ Θεῷ.Τί γάρ, φησίν ἀπόστολος, δώσει ἄνθρωπος τῷ Θεῷ, ἵνα ἀνταποδοθῇ αὐτῷ; Αὕτη κρίσις ὀρθή, αὕτη ταπείνωσις δικαία καί ἀληθής
For we brought nothing into the world, that, having sinned, we might give it to God as a ransom for our sins. 'For what,' says the Apostle, 'shall a man give to God, that it may be repaid to him?' This is right judgment; this is just and true humility.
因為我們沒有帶什麼到世上來,可以在犯罪之後拿它獻與神,作為贖我們罪的代價。使徒說:「人拿什麼獻給神,可以得著償還呢?」這才是正確的判斷,這才是公義而真實的謙卑。
1:605
Μή νομίσητε ὅτι ἦλθον καταλῦσαι τόν νόμονἤ τούς προφήτας·
'Do not think that I came to abolish the law or the prophets;
「莫想我來要廢掉律法或先知;
1:606
οὐκ ἦλθον καταλῦσαι ἀλλά πληρῶσαι
I came not to abolish but to fulfil.'
我來不是要廢掉,乃是要成全。」
1:607
Τοῦτο δέ ἐστι πλήρωμα νόμου τό μή δικαιολογεῖσθαί τινα ἔν τινι, μηδέ ἑαυτόν ἐκδικεῖν, ἀλλά προκεῖσθαι τοῖς πᾶσι τά πάντα ὡσεί νεκρόν, ἵνα εἴτιδ ἄν ποιῶσιν εἰς αὐτόν μή κινῆται ὅλως μηδέ ταρασσόμενος ἀντιλέγῃ αὐτοῖς, ἀλλ εἶναι ἐν μόναις ταῖς ἐντολαῖς τοῦ Θεοῦ καί εἰς τό τηρεῖν τά ἐκείνου προστάγματα, ὡς λέονταἤ γιγαντιαῖον ἄλλον Σαμψώνἤ εἴ τινα ἕτερονἤ προγεγονόταἤ ὄντα καί αὐτοῦ ἀνδρειότερον
Now this is the fulfilment of the law: that a man should not justify himself in anything, nor avenge himself, but should lie exposed to all men in all things as one dead, so that whatever they may do to him he should not be moved at all, nor, being troubled, contradict them, but should abide solely in the commandments of God and in keeping his ordinances, like a lion or another gigantic Samson, or some other, whether one who lived before or one now living, who is even more valiant than he.
而這就是律法的成全:人不在任何事上為自己辯白,也不為自己伸冤,倒要如同死人一般,任憑眾人在一切事上處置,以致無論他們向他行什麼,他都全然不動搖,也不因煩擾而頂撞他們,只單單住在神的誡命裡,謹守祂的命令,如同獅子,或如另一個力大如巨人的參孫,或如任何一位,無論是先前的,或是如今仍在世的,比他更為勇猛的人。
1:608
Δυνατόν οὖν ἐστιν, ἀδελφοί, τοῖς πᾶσιν οὐ μόνον τοῖς μοναχοῖς ἀλλά καί τοῖς λαϊκοῖς τό ἀεί καί διηνεκῶς μετανοεῖν καί κλαίειν καί δέεσθαι τοῦ Θεοῦ, καί διά τῶν τοιούτων πράξεων καί τάς λοιπάς πάσας ἀρετάς κτήσασθαι
It is therefore possible, brethren, for all—not only for monks but also for laymen—always and unceasingly to repent and to weep and to entreat God, and through such deeds to acquire also all the remaining virtues.
所以弟兄們,這是眾人都能做到的,不單修士,就連在俗之人也能,就是常常不住地悔改、哀哭、懇求神,並藉著這樣的行為得著其餘一切的美德。
1:609
Καί ὅτι τοῦτο ἀληθές ἐστι συμμαρτυρεῖ μοι καί χρυσορρήμων Ἰωάννης, μέγας στῦλος καί διδάσκαλος τῆς ἐκκλησίας, () περί τοῦ Δαυίδ λόγοις τόν πεντηκοστόν ψαλμόν ἐξηγούμενος, λέγων δυνατόν εἶναι γυναῖκα ἔχοντα καί παῖδας καί παιδίσκας καί πλῆθος οἰκετῶν καί περιουσίαν πολλήν καί βιωτικοῖς ἐμπρέποντα πράγμασι, μή τοῦτο μόνον δύνασθαι, τό κλαίειν καθ ἑκάστην καί εὔχεσθαι καί μετανοεῖν, ἀλλά καί εἰς τό τέλειον φθάσαι τῆς ἀρετῆς τόν βουλόμενον καί Πνεῦμα λαβεῖν Ἅγιον καί φίλον γενέσθαι Θεοῦ καί ἐπαπολαύειν τῆς θέας αὐτοῦ, οἷοι καί πρό τῆς Χριστοῦ παρουσίας ἐγένοντο Ἀβραάμ, Ἰσαάκ, Ἰακώβ καί ἐν Σοδόμοις Λώτ καί ἵνα τούς ἄλλους παρήσω πολλούς ὄντας Μωσῆς καί Δαυίδ, ἐν τῇ νέᾳ δέ χάριτι καί ἐπιφανείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ καί Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Πέτρος, ἁλιεύς καί ἀγράμματος, μετά τῆς πενθερᾶς καί τῶν ἄλλων κηρύσσων τόν ἐπιφανέντα Θεόν
And that this is true is witnessed to me also by John of the golden mouth, that great pillar and teacher of the Church, who, in expounding the fiftieth Psalm concerning David, says that it is possible for a man who has a wife and children and maidservants and a multitude of household servants and much substance, and who is engaged in the affairs of this life, not only to be able to do this—to weep daily and to pray and to repent—but also, if he so wills, to attain to the perfection of virtue and to receive the Holy Spirit and to become a friend of God and to enjoy the vision of him; such as were, even before the coming of Christ, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Lot in Sodom, and—to pass over the many others—Moses and David; and in the new grace and manifestation of God and our Saviour, Peter the fisherman and unlettered man, together with his mother-in-law and the others, preaching the God who had appeared.
這事的真實,那金口約翰,就是教會偉大的柱石與教師,也為我作見證。他在解說第五十篇論到大衛的詩篇時說:一個有妻子、有兒女、有婢女、有一大群家僕、有許多財產、且忙於今生事務的人,不僅能夠天天哀哭、禱告、悔改,只要他願意,甚至能夠達到美德的完全,領受聖靈,成為神的朋友,得享對祂的觀看;正如在基督降臨以前的亞伯拉罕、以撒、雅各,以及在所多瑪的羅得;且不提其餘眾多的人──摩西與大衛;而在我們的神與救主之新恩典與顯現之下,那漁夫、又不識字的彼得,同他的岳母並其餘的人,宣揚那已顯現的神。
1:610
Τούςδ ἄλλους τίς ἀριθμήσειεν, ὑπέρ σταγόνας ὄντας τῶν ὑετῶν καί ὑπέρ τούς ἀστέρας τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, βασιλεῖς, ἄρχοντας καί δυνάσταςμή εἴπω πένητας καί τούς τῇ αὐταρκείᾳ συζήσαντας ὧν αἱ πόλεις καί αἱ οἰκίαι καί τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν οἱ ναοί, οὕς ἐκεῖνοι φιλοτίμως ἀνήγειραν, ὧν τά γηροκομεῖα καί τά ξενοδοχεῖα σῴζονται καί εἰσι μέχρι τοῦ νῦν, ἅπερ καί περιόντες ἐκεῖνοι ἐκέκτηντο καί ἐχρῶντο αὐτοῖς εὐσεβῶς, οὐχ ὡς οἰκείοις, ἀλλ ὡς δοῦλοι τοῦ δεσπότου τά παρά τοῦ δεσπότου δοθέντα αὐτοῖς καί ὡς ἐκείνῳ ἐδόκει διέποντες, χρώμενοι μέν τῷ κόσμῳ κατά τήν τοῦ Παύλου φωνήν, οὐ καταχρώμενοι δέ
And who could count the others, more numerous than the drops of rain and than the stars of heaven—kings, rulers, and potentates—not to speak of the poor and those who lived in self-sufficiency—whose cities and houses and the sanctuaries of the churches, which those men munificently raised up, and whose homes for the aged and hostels for strangers are preserved and remain to this day? These things those men, while living, possessed and used piously, not as their own, but as servants of the master administering the things given to them by the master, and as it seemed good to him—using the world, according to the word of Paul, yet not abusing it.
至於其餘的人,誰能數算得盡呢?他們多如雨點、勝過天上的眾星──君王、官長、掌權者──更不必說那些窮人和以知足度日的人。他們的城邑、房舍與教會的殿宇,就是那些人慷慨建造的,他們的養老院與客旅之家,都存留至今;這些是那些人在世時所擁有、並敬虔使用的,不是當作自己的,乃是像主人的僕役,照著主人的心意,管理主人所交付他們的產業,正如保羅的話:用世物的,卻不濫用。
1:611
Διά γάρ τοῦτο καί ἐν τῷ βίῳ τῷ παρόντι περίδοξοι γεγόνασι καί λαμπροί καί νῦν καί εἰς τούς ἀτελευτήτους αἰῶνας ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ περιδοξότεροι καί λαμπρότεροι ἄνθρωποι γενήσονται
For this cause, both in the present life they became renowned and illustrious, and now and unto the endless ages, in the kingdom of God, they shall become men yet more renowned and more illustrious.
正因如此,他們既在今生成為有名望、有榮光的人,如今並直到那無窮的世代,在神的國裡,也要成為更有名望、更有榮光的人。
1:612
() Καί εἰ μή ὀκνηροί ἦμεν καί ῥᾴθυμοι καί καταφρονηταί τῶν ἐντολῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀλλά σπουδαῖοι καί διεγηγερμένοι καί νήφοντας, οὐδεμίαν εἴχομεν χρείαν ἀποταγῆςἤ κουρᾶςἤ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου φυγῆς
And if we were not slothful and negligent and despisers of the commandments of God, but zealous and awake and watchful, we would have no need at all of renunciation, or of tonsure, or of flight from the world.
我們若不是懶惰、懈怠、藐視神的誡命,倒是殷勤、儆醒、謹守,就全然不需要撇棄一切、削髮,或逃離這世界。
1:613
Καί ἵνα τοῦτο πιστώσωμαι, ἄκουσον!
And that I may confirm this to you, listen!
為要向你們證實這事,請聽!
1:614
Θεός τόν ἄνθρωπον βασιλέα ἐποίησεν ἐξ ἀρχῆς πάντων τῶν ἐπί γῆς, ἀλλά μήν καί αὐτῶν τῶν ὑπό τόν ὄροφον ὄντων τοῦ οὐρανοῦ·
God made man king from the beginning over all things upon the earth, and indeed also over those things that are beneath the vault of heaven;
神起初立人作王,管理地上的萬物,甚至也管理那在天穹之下的一切;
1:615
Βασιλεύες ὤν τούτων ἁπάντων τῶν ὁρωμένων, ἐβλάπτετο ἆρα ἐκ τούτων πρός ἀρετήν;
Being king of all these visible things, was he thereby harmed with respect to virtue?
他既作了這一切可見之物的王,難道因此就在美德上受了虧損嗎?
1:616
Οὐμενοῦν οὐδαμῶς, ἀλλά καί μειζόνως, εἰ ἔμεινεν εὐχαριστῶν τῷ ποιήσαντι καί δεδωκότι αὐτῷ τά πάντα Θεῷ, ἔμελλεν εὐδοκιμεῖν
By no means, in no way at all; rather, all the more, had he remained giving thanks to God who made him and gave him all things, he would have prospered.
斷乎不然,絕不如此;反倒他若持守,向那造他、又將萬物賜給他的神獻上感謝,他就要更加蒙福。
1:617
βασιλείαν ταύτην ἀπώλεσεν, οὐκ ἄν τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ δόξης ἑαυτόν ἀπεστέρησεν·
...had he not lost this kingship, he would not have deprived himself of the glory of God;
……他若不喪失這王權,就不至於使自己被剝奪神的榮耀;
1:618
ἐπεί δέ τοῦτο πεποίηκεν, εἰκότως ἐξεβλήθη, ἐξωρίσθη, ἐβίωσε καί ἀπέθανε
but since he did this, he was fittingly cast out, exiled, lived out his days, and died.
但既然他行了這事,就理所當然地被逐出、被放逐、度盡年日、然後死了。
1:619
Καί λέγω σοι πρᾶγμα ὅπερ σαφῶς, οἶμαι, οὐδείς ἀπεκάλυψε, συνεσκιασμένως δέ τοῦτο εἴρηται
And I tell you a thing which, I think, no one has plainly revealed, but it has been spoken in a veiled manner.
我要告訴你一件事,我想無人曾明明地揭示過,反倒是隱晦地說出來的。
1:620
Ἄκουε τῆς θείας λεγούσης Γραφῆς·
Hear the divine Scripture as it says:
請聽那神聖的經文所說:
1:621
Καί εἶπεν Θεός τῷ Ἀδάμ μετά τό παραβῆναι λέγω·
And God said to Adam, after he had transgressed, I say:
我說,神在亞當犯罪之後,對他說:
1:622
Αδάμ, ποῦ εἶ; Τί τοῦτο λέγων, τοῦ παντός Ποιητής;
'Adam, where are you?' What does the Maker of all mean in saying this?
「亞當,你在哪裡?」那萬有的創造者說這話是什麼意思呢?
1:623
Πάντως εἰς συναίσθησιν αὐτόν ἀγαγεῖν βουλόμενος καί τοῦτον πρός μετάνοιαν ἐκκαλούμενος, Ἀδάμ, ποῦ εἶ;
Assuredly, wishing to bring him to a sense of himself and calling him to repentance: 'Adam, where are you?'
祂實在是願意使他醒悟自覺,並呼召他悔改,說:「亞當,你在哪裡?」
1:624
Ἴδε οἵου ἐνδύματος, οἵας δόξης ἐστέρησαι
Behold of what a garment, of what a glory you have been stripped!
看哪,你被剝去了何等的衣裳、何等的榮耀!
1:625
Ἀδάμ, ποῦ εἶ; οἱονεί πως τοῦτον παρακαλῶν καί λέγων·
'Adam, where are you?'—as if, somehow, entreating him and saying:
「亞當,你在哪裡?」──彷彿是在懇求他,說:
1:626
Ἀλλ οὐ λέγει τοῦτο, μᾶλλον δέ οὐκ ἐγώ λέγω τοῦτο ἄθλιος ἐμόν γάρ τό πάθος ἐστίν!
But he does not say this; rather, it is not I who say this, wretched as I am—for the passion is my own!
但他並不這樣說;不如說,說這話的不是我,我這可憐的人──因為這苦情原是我自己的!
1:627
() Τῆς φωνῆς σου ἤκουσα περιπατοῦντος ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ καί ἔγνων ὅτι γυμνός εἰμι καί ἐκρύβην
'I heard the sound of you walking in the garden, and I knew that I was naked, and I hid myself.'
「我聽見你在園中行走的聲音,就知道自己赤身露體,便藏了起來。」
1:628
Καί τίς ἀνήγγειλέ σοι ὅτι γυμνός εἶ, εἰ μή ἀπό τοῦ ξύλου, οὐ ἐνετειλάμην σοι τούτου μόνου μή φαγεῖν, ἀπ αὐτοῦ ἔφαγες;
'And who told you that you were naked, unless from the tree, of which alone I commanded you not to eat, you have eaten?'
「誰告訴你赤身露體呢?莫非你吃了那我所吩咐你不可吃的樹上的果子嗎?」
1:629
Ὁρᾶς, ἀγαπητέ, μακροθυμίαν Θεοῦ;
Do you see, beloved, the long-suffering of God?
親愛的,你看見神的恆久忍耐嗎?
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