📜 Verbum · 聖言
原文誦讀聖經與教父文獻

← 回書卷目次 · 希臘教父 › 《教會史》卷九

優西比烏

《教會史》卷九 第 7 章

希臘文原文.16 節.部分字詞可點開查義

← 第 6 章第 8 章 →
7:1
Ἀνὰ μέσας γέ τοι τὰς πόλεις, μηδὲ ἄλλοτέ ποτε, ψηφίσματα πόλεων καθ ἡμῶν καὶ βασιλικῶν πρὸς ταῦτα διατάξεων ἀντιγραφαὶ στήλαις ἐντετυπωμένα χαλκαῖς ἀνωρθοῦντο, οἵ τε παῖδες ἀνὰ τὰ διδασκαλεῖα Ἰησοῦν καὶ Πιλάτον καὶ τὰ ἐφ ὕβρει πλασθέντα ὑπομνήματα διὰ στόματος κατὰ πᾶσαν ἔφερον ἡμέραν. ἐνταῦθά μοι ἀναγκαῖον εἶναι φαίνεται αὐτὴν δὴ ταύτην τὴν ἐν στήλαις ἀνατεθεῖσαν τοῦ Μαξιμίνου γραφὴν ἐντάξαι (ἵν᾿ ὁμοῦ τῆς τε τοῦ ἀνδρὸς θεομισείας ἀλαζὼν καὶ ὑπερήφανος αὐθάδεια φανερὰ κατασταίη, καὶ τῆς παρὰ πόδας αὐτ ὂν μετελθούσης ἱερᾶς δίκης ἄυπνος κατὰ τῶν ἀσεβῶν μισοπονηρία, πρὸς ἧς ἐλαθεὶς οὐκ εἰς μακρὸν τἀναντία περὶ ἡμῶν ἐβουλεύσατό τε καὶ δι᾿ ἐγγράφων νόμων ἐδογμάτισε), τοῦτον ἐπ αὐτῶν λέξεων ἔχουσαν τὸν τρόπον· Ἀντίγραφον ἑρμηνείας τῆς Μαξιμίνου πρὸς τὰ καθ ἡμῶν ψηφίσματα ἀντιγραφῆς, ἀπὸ τῆς ἐν Τυρῷ στήλης μεταληφθείσης.
誠然,在各城之中——這是從未在別時發生過的事——各城攻擊我們的決議,並皇帝對此回覆的諭令,都刻在銅版上豎立起來;而各學校的孩童每日口中都念著耶穌、彼拉多並那為侮辱我們而偽造的《行傳》之名。在此我認為必須插入馬克西米努斯這篇刻在版上的文書(好使這恨惡神之人那誇口而傲慢的狂妄,與那緊隨其後、針對不虔之人、永不止息恨惡邪惡的神聖公義一同顯明出來——他正是被這公義所逼,不久之後便對我們改變了主意,並以成文的律法頒佈),其文按原詞如下:馬克西米努斯回覆攻擊我們之決議的迴文譯本抄件,謄自推羅之碑版。
Indeed, in the midst of the cities—a thing that had never happened at any other time—decrees of the cities against us, and rescripts of imperial ordinances in answer to these, engraved on bronze tablets, were set up; while the children throughout the schools had on their lips every day the names of Jesus and Pilate and the Memoirs forged for our insult. Here it seems necessary to me to insert this very document of Maximin that was set up on the tablets (so that at once there may be made manifest both the boastful and arrogant insolence of this God-hating man, and the sleepless hatred of evil, on the part of the divine Justice that followed close upon his heels against the impious—by which, being driven, he not long afterwards both took counsel to the contrary concerning us and decreed it by laws in writing), the document being in its own words to the following effect: A copy of a translation of Maximin's rescript in answer to the decrees against us, transcribed from the tablet at Tyre.
7:2
Ἤδη ποτὲ ἀσθενὴς θρασύτης τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης διανοίας ἴσχυσε, πᾶσαν πλάνης ἀμαυρότητα καὶ ὀμίχλην ἀποσεισαμένη καὶ ἀνασκεδάσασα, ἥτις πρὸ τούτου οὐ τοσοῦτον τῶν ἀσεβῶν ὅσον τῶν ἀθλίων ἀνθρώπων τὰς αἰσθήσεις ὀλεθρίῳ ἀγνοίας σκότῳ ἐνειληθείσας ἐπολιόρκει, ἐπιγνῶναι ὡς τῇ τῶν ἀθανάτων θεῶν φιλαγάθῳ προνοίᾳ διοικεῖται καὶ σταθεροποιεῖται·
「人心軟弱的勇氣終於得了力量,抖落並驅散了一切錯謬的昏暗與迷霧——就是這在此之前圍困人感官的錯謬,使其纏裹在無知那致命的黑暗之中,所困者與其說是不虔之人,不如說是可憐之人——又能認明這世界乃由不朽諸神慈愛的眷顧所治理、所穩固。
「At length the feeble boldness of the human mind has gained strength to shake off and scatter all the dimness and mist of error, that error which before this beset the senses—enwrapped in the deadly darkness of ignorance—not so much of the impious as of the wretched, and to recognize that it is governed and made stable by the benevolent providence of the immortal gods.
7:3
ὅπερ πρᾶγμα ἄπιστόν ἐστιν εἰπεῖν, ὅπως κεχαρισμένον, ὅπως τε ἥδιστον καὶ προσφιλὲς ἡμῖν γέγονεν, ὡς μέγιστον δεῖγμα τῆς θεοφιλοῦς ὑμῶν προαιρέσεως δεδωκέναι·
你們既如此大大表明瞭你們愛神的心志,這對我們竟成了何等可喜、何等極其甜美而可親之事,實在難以置信地令人無法盡述;
It is past belief to tell how welcome, how exceedingly pleasant and dear to us it has become, that you have given so great a proof of your god-loving disposition;
7:4
ὁπότε καὶ πρὸ τούτου οὐδενὶ ἄγνωστον ἦν, ὁποίας παρατηρήσεως καὶ θεοσεβείας πρὸς τοὺς ἀθανάτους θεοὺς ἐτυγχάνετε ὄντες, οἶς οὐ ψιλῶν καὶ ὑποκένων· ῥημάτων πίστις, ἀλλὰ συνεχῆ καὶ παράδοξα ἔργων ἐπισήμων γνωρίζεται.
因即使在此之先,也無人不知你們對不朽諸神向來懷著何等的虔守與敬畏;在他們身上所顯出的信,並非空洞無實的言語之信,乃是藉著連續不斷、奇妙顯著之行為所表明的信。
since even before this it was unknown to no one of what manner of observance and reverence toward the immortal gods you were wont to be, in whom is recognized a faith not of bare and empty words, but of continual and admirable deeds of distinction.
7:5
διόπερ ἐπαξίως ὑμετέρα πόλις θεῶν ἀθανάτων ἵδρυμά τε καὶ οἰκητήριον ἂν ἐπικαλοῖτο· πολλοῖς γοῦν παραδείγμασι καταφαίνεται τῇ τῶν οὐρανίων θεῶν αὐτὴν ἐπιδημίᾳ ἀνθεῖν.
因此你們的城理當被稱為不朽諸神的根基與居所;因藉著許多事例顯明,這城正因天上諸神親臨居住而興旺。
Wherefore your city might worthily be called both a foundation and a dwelling-place of the immortal gods; for by many examples it appears that it flourishes through the sojourning there of the heavenly gods.
7:6
ἰδοὺ τοίνυν ὑμετέρα πόλις, πάντων τῶν ἰδίᾳ διαφερόντων αὐτῆς ἀμελήσασα, καὶ τὰς πρότερον τῶν ὑπὲρ αὐτῆς πραγμάτων δεήσεις παριδοῦσα, ὅτε πάλιν ᾔσθετο τοὺς τῆς ἐπαράτου ματαιότητος γεγονότας ἕρπειν ἄρχεσθαι, καὶ ὥσπερ ἀμεληθεῖσαν καὶ κεκοιμημένην πυρὰν ἀναζωπυρουμένων τῶν πυρσῶν μεγίστας πυρκαιὰς ἀναπληροῦσαν, εὐθέως πρὸς τὴν ἡμετέραν εὐσέβειαν, ὥσπερ πρὸς μητρόπολιν πασῶν θεοσεβειῶν, χωρίς τινος μελλήσεως κατέφυγεν, ἴασίν τινα καὶ βοήθειαν ἀπαιτοῦσα·
看哪,你們的城便是如此,置一切關乎自身私利的事於不顧,又略過從前為自己事務所呈的請求,當它再度察覺那可咒之愚妄的隨從者開始蔓延滋長,並像那被疏忽而沉睡的柴堆、火炬重新燃起時便釀成最大的火災,便立即毫不遲延地投奔我們的虔敬,如同投奔敬神的萬城之母,求討某種醫治與幫助。
Behold, therefore, your city, having disregarded all things that pertain to its own private advantage and having passed over its former petitions concerning its own affairs, when once again it perceived that the followers of that accursed folly were beginning to creep forth, and like a neglected and slumbering pyre, when its torches are rekindled, were filling up the greatest conflagrations, immediately and without any delay had recourse to our piety, as to a mother-city of all reverence toward the gods, demanding some healing and help.
7:7
ἥντινα διάνοιαν σωτηριώδη διὰ τὴν πίστιν τῆς ὑμετέρας θεοσεβείας τοὺς θεοὺς ὑμῖν ἐμβεβληκέναι δῆλόν ἐστιν· ἐκεῖνος τοιγαροῦν ἐκεῖνος ὕψιστος καὶ μέγιστος Ζεὺς, προκαθήμενος τῆς λαμπροτάτης ὑμῶν πόλεως, τοὺς πατρῴους ὑμῶν θεοὺς καὶ γυναῖκας καὶ τέκνα καὶ ἑστίαν καὶ οἴκους ἀπὸ πάσης ὀλεθρίου φθορᾶς ῥυόμενος, ταῖς ὑμετέραις ψυχαῖς τὸ σωτήριον ἐνέπνευσε βούλημα, ἐπιδεικνὺς καὶ ἐμφαίνων ὅπως ἐξαίρετόν ἐστι καὶ λαμπρὸν καὶ σωτηριῶδες μετὰ τοῦ ὀφειλομένου σεβάσματος τῇ θρησκείᾳ καὶ ταῖς ἱεροθρησκείαις τῶν ἀνθανάτων θεῶν προσιέναι.
顯然諸神將這拯救的意念放在你們心中,乃是因你們敬神之虔誠的緣故。所以正是他,那至高至大的宙斯,就是主管你們那最榮耀之城、保守你們列祖之神並你們的妻子兒女與爐火和家宅免遭一切毀滅敗壞的,他將這拯救的旨意吹入你們心中,顯明並表明:帶著所當盡的敬畏,親近不朽諸神的敬拜與聖禮,是何等卓越、何等輝煌、何等有益於拯救之事。
It is plain that the gods have put into your heart this saving thought on account of the faith of your reverence toward the gods. He therefore, even he, the most high and greatest Zeus, who presides over your most illustrious city, who delivers your ancestral gods and your wives and children and hearth and homes from all destruction and ruin, breathed into your souls this saving resolve, showing and making manifest how excellent and splendid and saving a thing it is to draw near, with the reverence that is due, to the worship and the sacred rites of the immortal gods.
7:8
τίς γὰρ οὕτως ἀνόητος νοῦ παντὸς ἀλλότριος εὑρεθῆναι δύναται ὃς οὐκ αἴσθεται τῇ φιλαγάθῳ τῶν θεῶν σπουδῇ συμβαίνειν μήτε τὴν γῆν τὰ παραδιδόμενα αὐτῇ σπέρματα ἀρνεῖσθαι, τὴν τῶν γεωργῶν ἐλπίδα κενῇ προσδοκίᾳ σφάλλουσαν, μηδ αὖ ἀσεβοῦς πολέμου πρόσοψιν ἀνεπικωλύτως ἐπὶ γῆς στηρίζεσθαι, καὶ φθαρείσης τῆς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ εὐκρασίας αὐχμῶντα τὰ σώματα εἰς θάνατον κατασύρεσθαι, μηδὲ ἀμέτρων ἀνέμων πνεύμασι τὴν θάλασσαν κυμαίνουσαν κορυφοῦσθαι, μηδέ γε καταιγίδας ἀπροσδοκή τους καταρρηγνυμένας ὀλέθριον χειμῶνα ρειν, ρειν, ἔτι τοίνυν μήτε τὴν τροφὸν μητέρα γῆν, ἀπὸ τῶν κατωτάτω λαγόνων ἑαυτῆς ἐν φοβερῷ τρόμῳ καταδυομένην, μηδέ γε τὰ ἐπικείμενα ὄρη χασμάτων γινομένων καταδύεσθαι, ἅπερ πάντα καὶ τούτων ἔτι χαλεπώτερα κακὰ τούτου πολλάκις γεγονέναι οὐδεὶς ἀγνοεῖ.
因有誰能這般愚昧、或喪盡了一切悟性,竟不曉得這乃是出於諸神慈愛的眷顧,才使大地不拒絕所交託的種子,不以虛空的指望叫農夫的盼望落空;也使不虔之戰爭的鬼影不能無阻地紮根於地上,致使天空和暢之氣敗壞、乾涸的身體被拖入死亡;也使海洋不致在無度狂風的吹襲下湧起波濤、堆作浪峯;也使颶風不致出乎意料地爆發、掀起致命的風暴;再者,也使那養育萬物的母地不致在可怕的震顫中從她最深的腹底陷落,使壓在其上的羣山在裂口張開時被吞沒——這一切災禍,並比這些更慘的災禍,無人不知曾在此前多次發生。
For who can be found so senseless, or so bereft of all understanding, as not to perceive that it is by the benevolent zeal of the gods that it comes to pass that the earth does not refuse the seeds entrusted to it, baffling the husbandmen's hope with empty expectation; nor again that the spectre of impious war fixes itself unhindered upon the earth, so that, the wholesome temper of heaven being corrupted, parched bodies are dragged down to death; nor that the sea, swelling under the blasts of immoderate winds, is heaped up into crests; nor that hurricanes, bursting forth unexpectedly, raise a deadly tempest; nor, further, that the nourishing mother earth, sinking from her lowest depths in fearful trembling, and the mountains lying upon her, are swallowed up as chasms open—all of which evils, and evils yet more grievous than these, no one is ignorant have happened many a time before this.
7:9
καὶ ταῦτα σύμπαντα διὰ τὴν ὀλέθριον πλάνην τῆς ὑποκένου ματαιότητος τῶν ἀθεμίτων ἐκείνων ἀνθρώ πων ἐγίνετο, ἡνίκα κατὰ τὰς ψυχὰς αὐτῶν ἐπεπόλαξε λαζε καὶ σχεδὸν εἰπεῖν τὰ πανταχοῦ αἰσχύναις ἐπίεζε.
這一切的事一同發生,都因那些不法之人空洞愚妄的毀滅性錯謬,當這錯謬在他們心中蔓延、幾乎可說以可恥之行壓制了普天之下的時候。」
And all these things together came to pass through the ruinous error of the empty folly of those unlawful men, when it spread abroad in their souls, and, one might almost say, oppressed wellnigh everywhere with deeds of shame.」
7:10
τούτοις μεθ ἕτερα ἐπιλέγει ἐφοράτωσαν ἐν τοῖς πλατέσιν ἤδη πεδίοις ἀνθοῦντα τὰ λήϊα καὶ τοῖς ἀστάχυσιν ἐπικυμαίνοντα, καὶ τοὺς λειμῶνας δι εὐομβρίαν φυτοῖς καὶ ἄνθεσι λαμπομένους, καὶ τὴν τοῦ ἀέρος κατάστασιν εὔκρατον καὶ πραοτάτην ἀποδοθεῖσαν·
在這些話之後,他又加上別的話說:「願他們得見那廣闊平原上已茂盛開花、麥穗隨風起伏的莊稼,並因及時雨水而閃耀著草木與花朵的牧場,以及那已回復溫和而至為宜人的天氣;
To these things, after other remarks, he adds: 「Let them behold in the broad plains the crops already flourishing and waving with their ears of corn, and the meadows, thanks to seasonable rains, gleaming with plants and flowers, and the condition of the air restored temperate and most gentle;
7:11
χαιρέτωσαν πὸν ἅπαντες διὰ τῆς ἡμετέρας εὐσεβείας, γίας τε καὶ τιμῆς τῆς τοῦ δυνατωτάτου καὶ τατοῦ Ἄρεως δυνάμεως ἐξευμενισθείσης, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο τῆς εὐδιεινοτάτης εἰρήνης βεβαίως μεθ χίας ἀπολαύοντες ἡδυνέσθωσαν· καὶ ὅσοι τῆς τυφλῆς ἐκείνης πλάνης καὶ περιόδου παντάπασιν ἀποστάντες εἰς ὀρθὴν καὶ καλλίστην διάνοιαν ἐπανῆλθον, μειζόνως μὲν οὖν χαιρέτωσαν, ὡσὰν χειμῶνος ἀπροσδοκήτου νόσου βαρείας σθέντες, καὶ ἡδεῖαν εἰς τοὐπιὸν ζωῆς ἀπόλαυσιν καρπωσάμενοι.
願眾人都歡喜,因藉著我們的虔敬,並向那最有權能、最為堅定之阿瑞斯的能力所獻的祭祀與尊崇,使其得了和息,他們便得以穩妥安寧地享受那至為和煦的平安而歡愉;又願那凡完全離開那盲目的錯謬與迷途、回到正直至善之心思的人,更加歡喜,如同從意外的風暴或沉重的疾病中得釋放之人,並要收取此後生命甘美的享受。
let all rejoice that, through our piety and through the sacrifices and honour rendered to the power of the most mighty and most steadfast Ares, having been propitiated, they accordingly enjoy securely and in tranquillity the most serene peace and are gladdened; and let as many as, having altogether departed from that blind error and wandering, have returned to a right and most noble mind, rejoice indeed the more, as men delivered from an unexpected tempest or grievous sickness, and reaping the sweet enjoyment of life for the time to come.
7:12
εἰ δὲ τῇ ἐπαράτῳ αὐτῶν ματαιότητι ἐπιμένοιεν, ἐν πολλῷ πόρρωθεν τῆς ὑμετέρας πόλεως καὶ περιχώρου, καθὼς ἠξιώσατε, ἀποχωρισθέντες ἐξελαθήτωσαν, ἵν᾿ οὕτως, κατ ἀκολουθίαν τῆς ἀξιεπαίνου ὑμῶν περὶ τοῦτο σπουδῆς, παντὸς μιάσματος καὶ ἀσεβείας ὑμετέρα πόλις κατὰ τὴν ἔμφυτον αὐτῇ πρόθεσιν μετὰ τοῦ ὀφειλομένου σεβάσματος ταῖς τῶν ἀθανάτων θεῶν ἱερουργίαις ὑπακούοι.
但他們若仍固執於那可咒的愚妄,就照你們所求的,將他們隔離,驅逐到遠離你們的城及其周圍之地;好叫你們的城按你們在此事上可稱讚的熱忱,得以脫淨一切的污穢與不虔,照其與生俱來的本意,帶著所當盡的敬畏,順服那不朽諸神的聖禮。
But if they persist in their accursed folly, let them be separated and driven far away from your city and its environs, even as you requested; that so, in accordance with your praiseworthy zeal in this matter, your city, being purged of all pollution and impiety, may, according to its inborn purpose, render obedience with the reverence that is due to the sacred rites of the immortal gods.
7:13
ἔνα δὲ εἰδῆτε ὅσῳ προσφιλὴς ἡμῖν γέγονεν περὶ τούτου ἀξίωσις ὑμῶν, καὶ χωρὶς ψηφισμάτων καὶ χωρὶς δεήσεως αὐθαιρέτῳ βουλήσει ἡμετέρα προθυμοτάτη φιλαγαθίαις ψυχὴ, ἐπιτρέπομεν τῇ ὑμετέρᾳ ὁποίαν δ ἂν βουληθῆτε μεγαλοδωρεὰν, ἀντὶ ταύτης ὑμῶν τῆς φιλοθέου προθέσεως αἰτῆσαι.
為叫你們知道你們關乎此事的請求對我們是何等可親——我們竟不待決議、不待懇求,乃出於自願與心中極其樂於行善之意——便準許你們的盡忠,為著你們這愛神的心志,求討你們所願的任何大賞賜。
And that you may know how dear to us this your request concerning this matter has become—even apart from decrees and apart from petition, of our own free will and most ready beneficence of soul—we permit your Devotedness to ask whatever great gift you may wish, in return for this your god-loving disposition.
7:14
καὶ ἤδη μὲν τοῦτο ποιεῖν καὶ λαβεῖν ἀξιώσατε· τεύξεσθε γὰρ αὐτῆς χωρίς τινος ὑπερθέσεως· ἥτις παρασχεθεῖσα τῇ ὑμετέρᾳ πόλει εἰς ἅπαντα τὸν αἰῶνα τῆς περὶ τοὺς ἀθανάτους θεοὺς φιλοθέου εὐσεβείας παρέξει μαρτυρίαν, τοῦ δὲ ὑμὰς ἀξίων ἐπάθλων τετυχηκέναι παρὰ τῆς ἡμετέρας φιλαγαθίας, ταύτης ὑμῶν ἕνεκεν τῆς τοῦ βίου σεως. υἱοῖς τε καὶ ἐκγόνοις ὑμετέροις ἐπιδειχθήσεται.
如今你們當立志如此求討、如此領受;因你們必毫不遲延地得著。這賞賜既賜給你們的城,便要存到萬代,作你們向不朽諸神愛神之虔敬的見證,並要向你們的子孫後裔顯明,使他們知道你們因這等生活的原則,已從我們的善行得了相稱的賞賚。」
And now let it be your resolve to do this and to receive it; for you shall obtain it without any delay. This, when granted to your city, will furnish for all time a testimony of your god-loving piety toward the immortal gods, and will be displayed to your sons and descendants as proof that you have met with worthy rewards from our beneficence on account of these your principles of life.」
7:15
ταῦτα δὴ καθ ἡμῶν κατὰ πάσαν ἀνεστηλίτευτο, πάσης ἐλπίδος, τὸ γοῦν ἐπ ἀνθρώποις, ἀγαθῆς τὰ καθ ἡμᾶς ἀποκλείοντα· ὡς, κατ αὐτὸ δὴ τὸ θεῖον ἐκεῖνο λόγιον, εἰ δυνατὸν, ἐπὶ τούτοις καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς αὐτοὺς σκανδαλίζεσθαι.
這些事便如此刻在碑柱上,遍佈各省攻擊我們,至少就人這方面而論,把一切美好的指望都向我們關閉了;以致按那神聖的話語所說,「倘若能行,連選民也要因此被迷惑跌倒。」
These things, then, were set up on pillars against us throughout every province, shutting off our affairs from all good hope, so far at least as it lay with men; so that, according to that very divine oracle, 「if it were possible, hereat even the elect themselves should be made to stumble.」
7:16
ἤδη γέ τοι σχεδὸν τῆς παρὰ τοῖς πλείστοις ἀποψυχούσης προσδοκίας, ἀθρόως καθ ὁδὸν ἔτι σχεδὸν τὴν πορείαν ἔν τισι χώραις διανυόντων τῶν τὴν προκειμένην γραφὴν καθ ἡμῶν διακονουμένων, τῆς ἰδίας ἐκκλησίας ὑπέρμαχος θεὸς, μονονουχὶ τὴν τοῦ τυράννου καθ ἡμῶν ἐπιστομίζων μεγαλαυχίαν, τὴν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν οὐράνιον αὐτοῦ συμμαχίαν ἐπεδείκνυτο.
誠然,正當大多數人的指望幾乎消沉殆盡之時,忽然之間,當那些奉命傳遞前述攻擊我們之文書的人還在某些地方沿途趕路之際,那作自己教會之護衛的神,幾乎可說封住了僭主向我們的誇口,顯出祂為我們而設的屬天援助。
Indeed, when the expectation of most men was now well-nigh fainting away, all at once, while those who were ministering the aforesaid writing against us were still accomplishing their journey along the road in certain districts, the God who is the Champion of His own Church, all but bridling the tyrant's vaunting against us, displayed His heavenly alliance on our behalf.
← 第 6 章第 8 章 →
1234567891011