📜 Verbum · 聖言
原文誦讀聖經與教父文獻

← 回書卷目次 · 拉丁教父 › 文集與書信

迦太基的居普良

文集與書信 第 4 章

拉丁文原文.44 節.部分字詞可點開查義

← 第 3 章第 5 章 →
4:1
Disciplina custos spei, retinaculum fidei, dux itineris salutaris, fomes ac nutrimentum bonae indolis, magistra uirtutis, facit in Christo manere semper ac iugiter Deo uiuere, ad promissa caelestia et diuina praemia peruenire. hanc et sectari salubre est et auersari ac neglegere letale. in psalmis loquitur Spiritus sanctus: continete disciplinam ne forte irascatur Dominus et pereatis a uia recta, cum exarserit cito ira eius super uos. et iterum: peccatori autem dicit Deus: ad quid exponis iustificationes meas et adsumis testamentum meum per os tuum? tu autem odisti disciplinam et abiecisti sermones meos retro. et denuo legimus: disciplinam qui abicit infelix est.
紀律乃盼望的守護者、信德的繫帶、救恩之路的嚮導、良善心性的點燃與滋養、美德的師傅;她使我們常在基督裏,並不斷地向神而活,得以達到天上的應許與神聖的賞賜。遵從她是有益的,背棄並忽略她是致死的。聖靈在詩篇中說:你們當持守紀律,恐怕主發怒,你們便從正路滅亡,因為祂的怒氣快要向你們發作。又說:神對惡人說,你怎敢傳述我的律例,口中提到我的約呢?其實你恨惡管教,將我的言語丟在背後。我們又讀到:丟棄紀律的,是不幸的。
Discipline, the guardian of hope, the bond of faith, the guide of the way of salvation, the kindling and nourishment of a good disposition, the mistress of virtue, makes us abide ever in Christ and live continually unto God, and arrive at the heavenly promises and divine rewards. To follow her is salutary, to turn away from and neglect her is deadly. In the Psalms the Holy Spirit speaks: Hold fast discipline, lest perchance the Lord be angry and you perish from the right way, when His wrath shall be quickly kindled against you. And again: But to the sinner God saith: Why dost thou declare my justifications and take up my covenant by thy mouth? But thou hast hated discipline and cast my words behind thee. And once more we read: He who casts away discipline is unhappy.
4:2
et de Salomone mandata sapientiae monentis accepimus: fili, ne neglexeris disciplinam Dei nec defeceris ab eo correptus: quem enim diligit Deus corripit. si autem Deus quem diligit corripit et corripit ut emendet, fratres quoque et maxime sacerdotes non oderunt sed diligunt eos quos corripiunt ut emendent, quando et Deus per Hieremiam ante praedixerit et tempora nostra significauerit dicens: et dabo uobis pastores secundum cor meum, et pascent uos pascentes cum disciplina.
我們又從所羅門領受了智慧勸誡我們的命令:我兒,不可輕看神的管教,被祂責備的時候也不可灰心;因為神所愛的,祂必責備。神既責備祂所愛的,並且責備是為要使他改正,那麼弟兄們、尤其是祭司們,也不是恨惡,乃是愛那些他們所責備、要使之改正的人——因為神也藉耶利米預先說明,並指出我們的時代說:我要賜給你們合我心意的牧者,他們必牧養你們,以紀律牧養你們。
And from Solomon we have received the commands of wisdom admonishing us: My son, neglect not the discipline of God, nor faint when thou art rebuked by Him; for whom God loveth He rebuketh. But if God rebukes him whom He loves, and rebukes him in order to amend him, brethren also, and most of all the priests, do not hate but love those whom they rebuke that they may amend them—since God also foretold through Jeremiah and signified our times, saying: And I will give you shepherds according to my heart, and they shall feed you, feeding you with discipline.
4:3
Quodsi in scripturis sanctis frequenter et ubique disciplina praecipitur et fundamentum omne religionis ac fidei de obseruatione ac timore proficiscitur, quid cupidius adpetere, quid magis uelle ac tenere nos conuenit, quam ut radicibus fortius fixis et domiciliis nostris super petram robusta mole solidatis inconcussi ad procellas et turbines saeculi stemus, ad Dei munera per diuina praecepta ueniamus, considerantes pariter ac scientes quod templa Dei sint membra nostra ab omni faece contagionis antiquae lauacri uitalis sanctificatione purgata nec uiolari ea aut pollui fas sit, quando qui uiolat et ipse uioletur? eorum nos templorum cultores et antistites sumus:
既然在聖經中,紀律屢屢且處處被吩咐,宗教與信德的全部根基都從持守與敬畏而出,那麼我們還有甚麼更該切切尋求、更該意願並持守的,豈不是要使我們的根更穩固地紮定,使我們的居所以堅實的根基立在磐石上,叫我們在世界的風暴與旋風面前屹立不搖,藉神的命令來到神的恩賜?我們當一同思想並認識,我們的肢體乃是神的殿,已藉那賜生命之洗的成聖,從古老污染的一切渣滓中得了潔淨;這殿不可被侵犯或玷污,因為侵犯的人自己也必被侵犯。我們乃是這些殿的敬拜者與祭司。
But if in the holy Scriptures discipline is frequently and everywhere enjoined, and the whole foundation of religion and faith proceeds from observance and fear, what ought we more eagerly to seek, what more to will and to hold, than that, with our roots more firmly fixed and our dwellings established with a sturdy mass upon the rock, we may stand unshaken against the storms and whirlwinds of the world, and come to the gifts of God through His divine precepts—considering alike and knowing that our members are the temples of God, cleansed by the sanctification of the life-giving laver from all the filth of the ancient contagion, and that it is not lawful that they be violated or polluted, since he who violates is himself violated? We are the worshipers and the priests of those temples.
4:4
seruiamus illi, cuius esse iam coepimus. Paulus in epistulis suis dicit, quibus nos ad curricula uiuendi per diuina magisteria formauit: non estis uestri: empti enim estis magno [pretio]. clarificate et portate Deum in corpore uestro. clarificemus et portemus Deum puro et mundo corpore et obseruatione meliore, et qui per sanguinem Christi redempti sumus per omnia seruitutis obsequia redemptoris imperio pareamus demusque operam, ne quid immundum et profanum templo Dei inferatur, ne offensus sedem quam inhabitat derelinquat. sospitantis Domini uerba sunt et docentis, curantis pariter et monentis: ecce, inquit, sanus factus es: iam noli peccare ne quid tibi deterius fiat.
讓我們事奉那位我們如今已開始歸屬的主。保羅在他的書信中,藉神聖的教訓塑造我們進入生活的行程,他說:你們不是自己的人,因為你們是重價買來的。要在你們的身體上榮耀神、彰顯神。讓我們以純潔清淨的身體並以更美的持守榮耀神、彰顯神;我們既是藉基督的血所贖的,就當藉各樣順服的事奉聽從救贖主的命令,謹慎不讓任何不潔或褻瀆的物帶進神的殿,免得祂被觸怒,離棄祂所居住的座位。這是那位施恢復與教訓、既醫治又勸誡之主的話:祂說,看哪,你已痊愈了,不要再犯罪,恐怕你遭遇的更加利害。
Let us serve Him to whom we have now begun to belong. Paul in his epistles, by which he formed us for the courses of living through the divine teachings, says: You are not your own, for you were bought with a great price. Glorify and bear God in your body. Let us glorify and bear God in a pure and clean body and with a better observance; and we who have been redeemed by the blood of Christ, let us obey the command of our Redeemer through every service of submission, and let us take care that nothing unclean or profane be brought into the temple of God, lest, being offended, He forsake the seat which He inhabits. These are the words of the Lord who restores and teaches, who heals as well as admonishes: Behold, He says, thou art made whole; now sin no more, lest something worse befall thee.
4:5
dat uiuendi timorem, dat innocentiae legem, postquam contulit sanitatem, nec habenis liberis et solutis uagari postmodum patitur, sed ipsis potius quibus sanatus fuerat mancipato grauius comminatur, quod sit scilicet minor culpa deliquisse ante, cum necdum nosses disciplinam Dei, nulla sit uenia ultra delinquere, postquam Deum nosse coepisti. et quidem hoc tam uiri quam mulieres, tam pueri quam puellae, sexus omnis adque omnis aetas obseruet et curet pro religione et fide quam Deo debet, ne quod sanctum et purum de Domini dignatione percipitur minus sollicito timore teneatur. Nunc nobis ad nirgines sermo est, quarum quo sublimior gloria est maior et cura est.
祂賜下生活的敬畏,賜下無辜的律法,是在賜下健康之後;祂也不容那人此後放縱無羈地遊蕩,反倒對那位被祂醫好的人,像對一個被約束的人那樣,更嚴厲地警戒,就是說,從前在你尚不認識神之紀律時得罪,固然是較小的過錯,但你既已開始認識神,再犯罪便無可寬恕了。實在說,無論男女、無論童男童女、各種性別、各個年齡,都當為著當向神所盡的虔誠與信德,謹守留意這事,免得那從主的恩寵所領受、聖潔純淨之物,被以過於疏忽的敬畏所持守。如今我們的話是向童女說的,她們的榮耀越是崇高,所需的看顧也越是大。
He gives the fear of living, He gives the law of innocence, after He has bestowed health; nor does He suffer the man afterward to roam with reins free and loosed, but rather threatens more gravely the very man whom He had healed, as one bound, namely that it was a lesser fault to have offended before, when you did not yet know the discipline of God, but that there is no further pardon for offending after you have begun to know God. And indeed let this be observed and heeded—by men as well as women, by boys as well as girls, by every sex and every age—for the sake of the religion and faith which one owes to God, lest what is received as holy and pure from the Lord's favor be held with too little anxious fear. Now our discourse is to virgins, whose glory is the more sublime, and whose care is the greater.
4:6
flos est ille ecclesiastici germinis, decus adque ornamentum gratiae spiritalis, laeta indoles, laudis et honoris opus integrum adque incorruptum, Dei imago respondens ad sanctimoniam Domini, inlustrior portio gregis Christi. gaudet per illas adque in illis largiter floret ecclesiae matris gloriosa fecunditas, quantoque plus copiosa uirginitas numero suo addit, gaudium matris augescit. ad has loquimur, has adhortamur adfectu potius quam potestate nec quo extremi et minimi et humilitatis nostrae admodum conscii aliquid ad censuram licentiae uindicemus, sed quod ad sollicitudinem magis cauti plus de diaboli infestatione timeamus.
那是教會生長的花朵,是屬靈恩賜的華美與裝飾,是歡欣的心性,是讚美與尊榮全備無瑕的工作,是回應主之聖潔的神之形像,是基督羊群中更為光耀的部分。母教會榮耀的多產,藉著她們、在她們裏面歡喜,並大大繁茂;豐盛的童貞越是給她的數目增添,母親的喜樂便越是增長。我們是向這些人說話、向這些人勸勉,乃是出於情愛而非權柄——並非我們這最卑微、最微小、深知自己卑賤的人,要憑甚麼來責罰人的放縱,乃是因我們在憂慮中更加謹慎,對魔鬼的攻擊更存懼怕。
That is the flower of the Church's growth, the grace and ornament of spiritual gifts, a glad disposition, a whole and uncorrupted work of praise and honor, the image of God answering to the holiness of the Lord, the more illustrious portion of Christ's flock. Through them and in them the glorious fruitfulness of mother Church rejoices and flourishes abundantly; and by how much copious virginity adds to her number, by so much the joy of the mother increases. To these we speak, these we exhort, with affection rather than with authority—not that we, the lowest and least and altogether conscious of our humility, should claim anything by way of censuring license, but that, being more cautious in our solicitude, we may fear the more concerning the assaults of the devil.
4:7
Neque inanis haec cautio est et uana formido quae ad salutis uiam consulit, quae dominica et uitalia praecepta custodit, ut quae se Christo dicauerint et a carnali concupiscentia recedentes tam carne quam mente se Deo uouerint, consumment opus suum magno praemio destinatum nec ornari aut placere cuiquam nisi domino suo studeant, a quo et mercedem uirginitatis expectant dicente ipso: non omnes capiunt uerbum sed illi quibus datum est: sunt enim spadones qui ex utero matris nati sunt sic et sunt spadones qui coacti sunt ab hominibus et sunt spadones qui se ipsos castrauerunt propter regnum caelorum. denuo quoque per hanc angeli uocem continentiae munus ostenditur, uirginitas praedicatur:
這警惕並非虛空,這懼怕也非徒然,乃是為救恩之路籌謀、持守主賜生命之命令的——就是說,那些已將自己獻給基督、並從肉體情慾中退出、在肉體與心思上都向神許願的人,當成全他們那定為要得大賞賜的工作,並竭力裝飾自己、或討好的,惟有他們的主,她們也是從祂等候童貞的賞賜,因祂自己說:這話不是人都能領受的,惟獨賜給誰,誰纔能領受。因為有生來是閹人,從母腹生的;也有被人閹的;並有為天國的緣故自閹的。又藉天使的這聲音,節制的恩賜得以顯明,童貞得以被傳揚:
Nor is this caution empty, nor this fear vain, which takes counsel for the way of salvation, which keeps the Lord's life-giving precepts—namely, that those who have dedicated themselves to Christ and, withdrawing from carnal concupiscence, have vowed themselves to God in both flesh and mind, should consummate their work, destined for a great reward, and study to adorn themselves or to please no one but their Lord, from whom they also await the reward of virginity, since He Himself says: Not all receive this word, but those to whom it is given; for there are eunuchs who were born so from their mother's womb, and there are eunuchs who were made so by men, and there are eunuchs who made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven. And again, through this voice of the angel the gift of continence is shown forth, and virginity is proclaimed:
4:8
hi sunt qui cum mulieribus se non coinquinauerunt: uirgines enim permanserunt. hi sunt qui secuntur agnum, quocumque ierit. neque enim tantum masculis continentiae gratiam Dominus repromittit et feminas praeterit, sed quoniam uiri portio est femina et ex eo sumpta adque formata est, in scripturis fere omnibus ad protoplastum Deus loquitur, quia sunt duo in carne una et in masculo simul significatur et femina. Quodsi Christum continentia sequitur et regno Dei uirginitas destinatur, quid istae cum terreno cultu et cum ornamentis, quibus dum hominibus placere gestiunt, Deum offendunt non cogitantes esse praedictum:
這些是未曾與婦女沾染的,因為他們仍是童身。這些是無論羔羊往哪裏去都跟隨祂的。主賜下節制的恩典,並非只賜給男子而略過婦女,乃是因為婦女是男子的一部分,是從他取出並造成的,所以在幾乎全部的聖經中,神都向那受造之初的人說話,因為二人成為一體,男子裏面也包含著女子。但節制既跟隨基督,童貞既定為要進神的國,這些婦女與屬地的妝飾、與那些裝飾物有何相干?她們既藉這些妝飾切切要討人喜悅,卻得罪神,竟不思想經上早已預言說:
These are they who have not defiled themselves with women, for they have remained virgins. These are they who follow the Lamb whithersoever He goeth. Nor indeed does the Lord promise the grace of continence to males only and pass over the women, but, since woman is a portion of man and was taken and formed from him, in well-nigh all the Scriptures God speaks to the first-formed man, because they two are in one flesh, and in the male is signified the female also. But if continence follows Christ, and virginity is destined for the kingdom of God, what have these women to do with earthly adornment and with the ornaments by which, while they are eager to please men, they offend God—not considering that it has been foretold:
4:9
qui hominibus placent confusi sunt, quoniam Deus nihil fecit illos, et Paulo quoque gloriose et sublimiter praedicante: si hominibusplacerem, seruus Christi non essem? continentia uero et pudicitia non in sola carnis integritate consistit sed etiam in cultus et ornatus honore pariter ac pudore, ut secundum apostolum quae innupta est sancta sit et corpore et spiritu. instruit Paulus et dicit: caeleps cogitat ea quae sunt Domini, quomodo placeat Deo: qui autem matrimonium contraxit cogitat ea quae sunt mundi huius, quomodo placeat uxori. sic et mulier et uirgo innupta cogitat ea quae sunt Domini, ut sit sancta et corpore et spiritu. uirgo non esse tantum sed et intellegi debet et credi:
討人喜悅的,必致蒙羞,因為神已使他們歸於無有;保羅也榮耀崇高地宣告說:我若仍舊討人的喜悅,就不是基督的僕人了。然而節制與貞潔不僅在於肉體的純全,也在於衣著妝飾的端莊與穩重,好叫照使徒所說,那未嫁的女子身體靈魂都聖潔。保羅教導說:沒有娶妻的,是為主的事掛慮,想怎樣叫主喜悅;娶了妻的,是為世上的事掛慮,想怎樣叫妻子喜悅。婦女和未嫁的童女也是如此,為主的事掛慮,好叫身體靈魂都聖潔。童女不僅該是童女,更該被人看為、信為童女。
They who please men are put to confusion, for God hath brought them to nothing; and Paul also gloriously and sublimely declaring: If I yet pleased men, I should not be the servant of Christ. But continence and chastity consist not in integrity of the flesh alone, but also in the honor and likewise the modesty of dress and adornment, that, according to the apostle, she who is unmarried may be holy both in body and in spirit. Paul instructs and says: The unmarried man thinks on the things that are the Lord's, how he may please God; but he who has contracted marriage thinks on the things of this world, how he may please his wife. So also the woman and the unmarried virgin thinks on the things that are the Lord's, that she may be holy both in body and in spirit. A virgin ought not only to be one, but also to be understood and believed to be one.
4:10
nemo cum uirginem uiderit, dubitet an uirgo sit. parem se integritas in omnibus praestet nec bonum corporis cultus infamet. quid ornata, quid compta procedit, quasi maritum aut habeat aut quaerat? timeat potius placere, si uirgo est, nec periculum sui adpetat quae ad meliora et diuina se seruat. quae uirum non habet, cui placere se simulet, integre et pure non tantum corporaliter sed et spiritaliter perseueret. neque enim uirginem fas est ad speciem formae suae comi aut de carne et de eius pulchritudine gloriari, cum nulla sit illis magis quam aduersus carnem conluctatio et uincendi corporis ac domandi obstinata certatio. Paulus forti ac sublimi uoce proclamat:
人見了童女,不要懷疑她是否童女。要叫她的純全在凡事上顯為相稱,不要叫身體的妝飾玷污這善。她為何妝扮華麗、招搖而出,彷彿她已有丈夫或在尋找丈夫?她若是童女,倒當懼怕討人喜悅,不要自招危險,因她是為更美、神聖的事保守自己。那沒有丈夫可假裝去討喜悅的,當持守完全純潔,不僅在身體上,也在靈裏。因為童女裝飾自己以顯其美貌,或以其肉體與美麗誇口,乃是不合宜的,因為對她們而言,沒有比與肉體爭戰更大的爭戰,沒有比制伏、馴服身體更頑強的競賽。保羅以剛強崇高的聲音宣告說:
Let no one, when he has seen a virgin, doubt whether she be a virgin. Let her integrity show itself equal in all things, nor let bodily adornment defame the good. Why does she go forth adorned and decked out, as though she either had or sought a husband? Let her rather fear to please, if she is a virgin, nor let her court her own peril, who keeps herself for better and divine things. She who has no husband whom she may pretend to please, let her persevere whole and pure, not only bodily but also spiritually. For it is not lawful for a virgin to deck herself out for the appearance of her own beauty, or to glory in her flesh and its loveliness, since for them there is no greater struggle than against the flesh, and an obstinate contest of conquering and subduing the body. Paul proclaims with a strong and lofty voice:
4:11
mihi autem absit gloriari nisi in cruce Domini mei Iesu Christi, per quem mihi mundus crucifixus est et ego mundo: et uirgo in ecclesia de specie carnis ac de corporis pulchritudine gloriatur. addit Paulus et dicit: qui enim sunt Christi carnem crucifixerunt cum uitiis et concupiscentiis. et quae se concupiscentiis carnis et uitiis renuntiasse profitetur, in isdem quibus renuntiauerat inuenitur. deprehenderis, uirgo, detegeris: aliud te esse iactas et aliud adfectas. maculis te concupiscentiae carnalis aspergis, cum integritatis candidata sis et pudoris. clama, inquit Esaiae Deus, omnis caro faenum et omnis claritas eius ut flos faeni. aruit faenum et flos decidit.
但我斷不以別的誇口,只誇我們主耶穌基督的十字架;因這十字架,世界就向我釘了十字架,我也向世界釘了十字架。教會中的童女,豈可以肉體的姿色與身體的美麗誇口?保羅接著說:凡屬基督的人,是已經把肉體連肉體的邪情私慾,同釘在十字架上了。那聲稱已棄絕肉體之私慾與邪情的,竟在她所棄絕的事上被發現。童女啊,你被識破了,你被揭露了:你誇說自己是一樣,所追求的卻是另一樣。你雖身穿白衣,作純全與貞潔的候選人,卻以肉體情慾的污點玷污自己。以賽亞的神說,凡有血氣的盡都如草,他一切的美容都如草上的花。草必枯乾,花必凋殘。
But God forbid that I should glory, save in the cross of my Lord Jesus Christ, through whom the world is crucified to me, and I to the world. And shall a virgin in the Church glory in the comeliness of her flesh and the beauty of her body? Paul adds and says: For they who are Christ's have crucified their flesh with its vices and concupiscences. And she who professes that she has renounced the concupiscences and vices of the flesh is found in those very things which she had renounced. You are detected, O virgin, you are exposed: you boast yourself to be one thing and you affect another. You sprinkle yourself with the stains of carnal concupiscence, though you are robed in white as a candidate of integrity and modesty. Cry out, says the God of Isaiah, all flesh is grass, and all its glory as the flower of grass. The grass is withered, and the flower is fallen.
4:12
sermo autem Domini manet in aeternum. neminem Christianum decet et maxime uirginem non decet claritatem ullam conputare carnis et honorem, sed solum adpetere sermonem Dei, bona in aeternum mansura conplecti. aut si carne sit gloriandum, tunc plane quando in nominis confessione cruciatur, quando fortior femina uiris torquentibus inuenitur, quando ignes aut cruces aut ferrum aut bestias patitur ut coronetur. illa sunt carnis pretiosa monilia, illa corporis ornamenta meliora. Sed sunt aliquae diuites et facultatum ubertate locupletes, quae opes suas praeferant et se bonis suis uti debere contendant.
惟有主的道是永存的。任何基督徒,尤其是童女,都不該看重肉體的任何姿色或榮耀,惟當尋求神的道,懷抱那永遠長存的善。或若真要以肉體誇口,那顯然惟有在為主名受刑時,在婦人被發現比折磨她的男子更剛強時,在她忍受火焚、十字架、刀劍或野獸以致得冠冕時。這纔是肉體寶貴的項鍊,這纔是身體更美的妝飾。但有些婦女富有,財力豐厚,便炫耀她們的財富,爭辯說她們理當使用自己的財物。
But the word of the Lord abideth forever. It befits no Christian, and least of all befits a virgin, to reckon any comeliness or honor of the flesh, but only to seek after the word of God, to embrace the goods that shall abide forever. Or if one is to glory in the flesh, then plainly only when one is tortured in the confession of the Name, when a woman is found stronger than the men who torment her, when she suffers fires or crosses or the sword or wild beasts that she may be crowned. These are the precious necklaces of the flesh, these the better ornaments of the body. But there are some women rich and abounding in wealth of means, who flaunt their riches and contend that they ought to use their goods.
4:13
sciant primo illam diuitem esse quae Deo diues est, illam esse locupletem quae locuples in Christo est, bona esse illa quae sint spiritalia, diuina, caelestia, quae nos ad Deum ducant, quae nobiscum aput Deum perpetua possessione permaneant. ceterum quaecumque terrena sunt in saeculo accepta et hic cum saeculo remansura, tam contemni debent, quam mundus ipse contemnitur, cuius pompis et deliciis iam tum renuntiauimus, cum meliore transgressu ad Deum uenimus. Iohannes nos excitat et hortatur spiritali et caelesti uoce contestans: nolite, ait, diligere mundum neque ea quae in mundo sunt. si qui dilexerit mundum, non est caritas patris in illo:
她們首先當知道,惟有那向神富足的纔是富足的,惟有那在基督裏富足的纔是有財的,惟有那屬靈、神聖、屬天、引我們歸神、在神面前永遠歸我們所有的善纔是真善。至於凡屬地的,是在世上領受、要與世界一同留在此處的,都當像世界本身被輕看那樣被輕看;當我們藉更美的過渡來到神面前時,便已棄絕了它的浮華與享樂。約翰以屬靈屬天的聲音激勵勸勉我們,鄭重地說:不要愛世界和世界上的事。人若愛世界,愛父的心就不在他裏面了。
Let them know first that she alone is rich who is rich toward God, that she is wealthy who is wealthy in Christ, that those goods are good which are spiritual, divine, heavenly, which lead us to God, which abide with us in perpetual possession before God. But whatever things are earthly, received in the world and destined to remain here with the world, ought to be despised as the world itself is despised, whose pomps and delights we then renounced when, by a better passage, we came to God. John rouses and exhorts us, testifying with a spiritual and heavenly voice: Love not, he says, the world, nor the things that are in the world. If any man love the world, the charity of the Father is not in him.
4:14
quoniam omne quod in mundo est concupiscentia carnis est et concupiscentia oculorum et ambitio saeculi quae non sunt a patre sed ex concupiscentia saeculi. et mundus transibit et concupiscentia eius, qui autem fecerit uoluntatem Dei, manebit in aeternum, quomodo et Deus manebit in aeternum. aeterna igitur et diuina sectanda sunt et omnia de Dei uoluntate facienda sunt, ut Domini nostri uestigia et magisteria sectemur qui monuit et dixit: non descendi de caelo, ut faciam uoluntatem meam sed uoluntatem eius qui me misit. quodsi non est maior domino suo seruus et liberatori debet obsequium liberatus, qui esse cupimus christiani debemus quod Christus dixit imitari.
因為凡世界上的事,就是肉體的情慾、眼目的情慾並今生的驕傲,都不是從父來的,乃是從世界的情慾來的。這世界和其上的情慾都要過去,惟獨遵行神旨意的,是永遠常存,正如神是永遠常存的。所以當追求永遠、神聖的事,凡事都當照神的旨意而行,好叫我們跟隨我們主的腳蹤與教訓,祂勸誡說:我從天上降下來,不是要按自己的意思行,乃是要按那差我來者的意思行。僕人既不能大過主人,得釋放的也當順服那釋放他的,我們既願作基督徒,就當效法基督所說的話。
For all that is in the world is the concupiscence of the flesh and the concupiscence of the eyes and the ambition of the age, which are not of the Father but of the concupiscence of the world. And the world passeth away, and the concupiscence thereof; but he who doeth the will of God abideth forever, even as God abideth forever. Therefore eternal and divine things are to be followed, and all things are to be done according to the will of God, that we may follow the footsteps and teachings of our Lord, who admonished and said: I came not down from heaven to do my own will, but the will of Him who sent me. But if the servant is not greater than his lord, and the freedman owes obedience to his liberator, we who desire to be Christians ought to imitate what Christ said.
4:15
scriptum est et legitur et auditur et in exemplum nostri ecclesiae ore celebratur: qui dicit se in Christo manere debet quomodo ille ambulauit et ipse ambulare. ambulandum est uestigiis paribus, aemula ingressione nitendum. tunc respondebit ad fidem nominis sectatio ueritatis et credenti praemium datur, si quod creditur et geratur. Locupletem te dicis et diuitem. sed diuitiis tuis Paulus occurrit et ad cultum adque ornatum tuum iusto fine moderandum sua uoce praescribit. sint, inquit, mulieres cum verecundia et pudicitia conponentes se, non in tortis crinibus neque auro neque margaritis aut ueste pretiosa, sed ut decet mulieres promittentes castitatem per bonam conuersationem.
經上記著,又被宣讀、被聽見、被教會的口頌揚,作我們的榜樣:人若說他住在基督裏,就該照祂所行的去行。我們當以相同的腳步行走,當以效法的長進竭力前進。這樣,對真理的跟隨纔配得上對主名的信,所信的若也行出來,就有賞賜賜給信的人。你說你有財有富。但保羅迎著你的財富,親口規定你的衣著妝飾當在合理的界限內節制。他說:女人要以端莊貞潔妝飾自己,不以編髮、黃金、珍珠,或華貴的衣裳,乃以善行為妝飾,正合乎自承貞潔的婦女。
It is written, and read, and heard, and celebrated by the mouth of the Church for our example: He who says that he abides in Christ, ought himself also to walk even as He walked. We must walk with equal footsteps, we must strive with emulous progress. Then will the following of the truth answer to the faith of the Name, and a reward is given to the believer, if what is believed be also done. You say you are wealthy and rich. But Paul meets your riches and by his own voice prescribes how your dress and adornment are to be moderated within a just limit. Let women, he says, with modesty and chastity adorn themselves, not in braided hair, nor in gold, nor in pearls, nor in costly clothing, but, as becomes women professing chastity, by a good manner of life.
4:16
item Petrus ad haec eadem praecepta consentit et dicit: sit in muliere non exterior ornamenti aut auri aut uestis cultus sed cultus cordis. quodsi ille mulieres quoque admonet coercendas at ad ecclesiasticam disciplinam religiosa obseruatione moderandas quae excusare cultus suos soleant per maritum, quanto id magis obseruare uirginem fas est, cui nulla ornatus sui conpetat uenia nec deriuari in alterum possit mendacium culpae, sed sola ipsa remaneat in crimine. Locupletem te dicis et diuitem. sed non omne quod potest debet et fieri nec desideria prolixa et de saeculi ambitione nascentia ultra honorem ac pudorem uirginitatis extendi, cum scriptum sit: omnia licent, sed non omnia expediunt.
彼得也照樣贊同這些命令說:你們的妝飾,不要在乎外面的裝飾、黃金或衣裳,乃要在乎內心的妝飾。他既勸誡連婦女也當受約束,當以虔敬的持守照教會的紀律加以節制——這些婦女慣常藉丈夫為自己的妝飾辯解——那麼童女豈不更該謹守這事?她妝飾自己得不到任何寬恕,也不能把過錯的藉口推給別人,惟有她自己擔負罪責。你說你有財有富。但凡可行的,未必都該行;那些奢侈、出於屬世野心的慾望,也不該越過童貞的尊榮與端莊,因為經上記著:凡事都可行,但不都有益處。
Likewise Peter consents to these same precepts and says: Let there be in a woman not the outward adornment of ornament, or of gold, or of dress, but the adornment of the heart. But if he admonishes that women too are to be restrained and to be moderated by religious observance unto ecclesiastical discipline—women who are wont to excuse their adornments by appeal to their husband—how much more is it right that a virgin should observe this, for whom no pardon for her adornment is fitting, nor can the fault's pretext be transferred to another, but she alone remains in the guilt. You say you are wealthy and rich. But not everything that is possible ought also to be done, nor should desires that are extravagant and born of worldly ambition be extended beyond the honor and modesty of virginity, since it is written: All things are lawful, but not all things are expedient.
4:17
omnia licent, sed non omnia aedificant. ceterum si tu te sumptuosius comas et per publicum notabiliter incedas, oculos in te iuuentutis inlicias, suspiria adulescentium post te trahas, concupiscendi libidinem nutrias, sperandi fomenta succendas, ut etsi ipsa non pereas, alios tamen perdas et uelut gladium te et uenenum uidentibus praebeas, excusari non potes, quasi mente casta sis et pudica. redarguit te cultus inprobus et inpudicus ornatus, nec conputari iam potes inter puellas et uirgines Christi quae sic uiuis, ut possis adamari. Locupletem te dicis et dinitem. sed iactare diuitias suas uirginem non decet, cum dicat scriptura diuina:
凡事都可行,但不都造就人。但你若妝飾過於奢華,招搖過市,引動青年的眼目,惹起少年人的歎息,滋養情慾的渴望,點燃妄想的柴火,以致縱然你自己不沉淪,卻使別人敗亡,把自己當作刀劍和毒藥獻給看你的人——你便不能被原諒,彷彿你心思貞潔端莊似的。你那邪惡的妝飾與不端的衣著揭穿了你,你既如此生活,要叫人愛慕,就不能再算在基督的少女與童女之中了。你說你有財有富。但童女誇耀自己的財富是不合宜的,因為神的聖經說:
All things are lawful, but not all things edify. But if you deck yourself too sumptuously and walk conspicuously through the public, allure to yourself the eyes of youth, draw after you the sighs of young men, nourish the lust of desire, kindle the fuel of hope, so that, even if you yourself do not perish, you nevertheless ruin others and offer yourself as it were a sword and poison to those who behold you—you cannot be excused, as though you were chaste in mind and modest. Your wicked adornment and immodest dress refute you, nor can you any longer be reckoned among the maidens and virgins of Christ, you who so live that you may be loved. You say you are wealthy and rich. But it does not befit a virgin to boast of her riches, since the divine Scripture says:
4:18
quid nobis profuit superbia aut quid diuitiarum iactatio contuli nobis? transierunt omnia illa tamquam umbra, et apostolus rursum moneat et dicat: et qui emunt sic sint quasi non possidentes, et qui hoc mundo utuntur quasi non utantur. praeterit enim figura huius mundi. Petrus etiam, cui oues suas Dominus pascendas tuendasque conmendat, super quem posuit et fundauit ecclesiam, aurum quidem sibi esse et argentum negat, sed esse se dicit Christi gratia diuitem, esse fide eius et uirtute locupletem, quibus multa magnalia cum miraculo faceret, quibus ad gratiam gloriae bonis spiritalibus abundaret. has opes, has diuitias possidere non potest quae se diuitem saeculo mauult esse quam Christo.
驕傲於我們有何益處?財富的誇耀又賜給了我們甚麼?那一切都如影兒過去了。使徒又勸誡說:置買的,要像無有所得;用世物的,要像不用世物;因為這世界的樣子將要過去了。彼得,就是主將自己的羊交託他牧養看守、主在他身上設立並建造教會的,固然承認自己沒有金銀,卻說自己在基督的恩典上富足,在祂的信與能力上富有,他藉此行了許多伴隨神蹟的大能之事,藉此在屬靈的善上豐豐富富,以致得著榮耀的恩典。這些資產、這些財富,那寧願向世界富足、而不願向基督富足的女子,是不能擁有的。
What hath pride profited us? or what hath the boasting of riches bestowed on us? All those things have passed away like a shadow. And the apostle again admonishes and says: And let those who buy be as though they possessed not, and those who use this world as though they used it not; for the fashion of this world passeth away. Peter also, to whom the Lord commends His sheep to be fed and guarded, upon whom He set and founded the Church, denies indeed that he has gold and silver for himself, but says that he is rich in the grace of Christ, wealthy in His faith and power, by which he wrought many mighty works with miracles, by which he abounded in spiritual goods unto the grace of glory. These resources, these riches, she cannot possess who prefers to be rich to the world rather than to Christ.
4:19
Locupletem te dicis et diuitem et utendum putas his quae possidere te Deus uoluit. utere sed ad res salutares et bonas artes: utere ad illa quae Deus praecepit, quae Dominus ostendit. diuitem te sentiant pauperes, locupletem te sentiant indigentes, patrimonio tuo Deum faenera, Christum ciba: ut uirginitatis perferre gloriam liceat, ut ad Domini praemia uenire contingat, multorum precibus exora: commenda illic thesauros tuos, ubi fur nullus effodiat, quo nullus insidians grassator inrumpat: possessiones tibi sed caelestes magis conpara, ubi fructus tuos iuges ac perennes et ab omni contactu iniuriae saecularis inmunes nec rubigo adterat nec grando caedat nec sol urat nec pluuia corrumpat.
你說你有財有富,並認為必須使用這些神願意你擁有的東西。那就使用罷——但要用在有益的事和良善的用途上;要用在神所吩咐、主所指示的事上。讓窮人感到你富有,讓困乏的人感到你豐厚;將你的家業借給神,餧養基督;好叫你得以承受童貞的榮耀,得以來到主的賞賜,藉許多人的祈禱蒙允;把你的財寶積存在那裏,就是沒有賊能挖、沒有埋伏的強盜能闖入的地方:要為自己置產業,但要置屬天的,在那裏你的果子持續長存,免於世間一切損害的沾染,既不被鏽蝕損壞,不被冰雹擊打,不被烈日曝曬,也不被雨水朽壞。
You say you are wealthy and rich, and think you must use these things which God willed you to possess. Use them—but for things salutary and for good arts; use them for those things which God commanded, which the Lord pointed out. Let the poor feel you to be rich, let the needy feel you to be wealthy; lend your patrimony to God, feed Christ; that you may be permitted to bear the glory of virginity, that you may attain to come to the rewards of the Lord, win over many by their prayers; commit your treasures there, where no thief may dig them up, where no lurking robber may break in: get for yourself possessions, but rather heavenly ones, where your fruits, continual and perennial and immune from all contact of worldly injury, neither rust may wear away nor hail strike down nor sun scorch nor rain corrupt.
4:20
nam delinquis et hoc ipso in Deum, si ad hoc tibi ab illo diuitias datas credis, ut illis non salubriter perfruaris. nam et uocem Deus homini dedit, et tamen non sunt amatoria cantanda nec turpia, et ferrum esse ad culturam terrae Deus uoluit, nec homicidia sunt idcirco facienda: aut quia tura et merum et ignem Dominus instituit, sacrificandum est inde idolis, uel quia abundant pecudum greges in agris tuis, uictimas et hostias inmolare debebis? adquin temptatio est patrimonium grande, nisi ad usus bonos census operetur, ut patrimonio suo unusquisque locupletior magis redimere debeat quam augere delicta.
因為正在這事上你便得罪了神,你若以為神將財富賜給你,是要叫你無益地享用它。神既賜給人聲音,淫詞或卑鄙的歌卻不該唱;神既願有鐵以耕地,兇殺卻不因此可行;難道因主設立了乳香、酒與火,便該向偶像獻祭麼?難道因你田間牛羊成群,便該宰殺牲畜為祭麼?實在說,龐大的家業乃是試探,除非財富被用於良善的用途,好叫各人因家業越發豐厚,越該贖去而非增添自己的過犯。
For in this very thing you offend against God, if you believe that riches were given you by Him for this, that you should enjoy them unprofitably. For God gave a voice to man, and yet love-songs or base things are not to be sung; and God willed iron to exist for the tilling of the earth, and yet murders are not therefore to be committed; or, because the Lord instituted incense and wine and fire, are sacrifices therefore to be offered to idols? or, because flocks of cattle abound in your fields, ought you to immolate victims and sacrifices? But indeed a great patrimony is a temptation, unless wealth be made to work toward good uses, so that each one, the richer by his patrimony, ought rather to redeem than to increase his offenses.
4:21
Ornamentorum ac uestium insignia et lenocinia formarum non nisi prostitutis et inpudicis feminis congruunt et nullarum fere pretiosior cultus est quam quarum pudor uilis est. sic in scripturis sanctis, quibus nos instrui Dominus uoluit et moneri, describitur ciuitas meretrix compta pulchrius et ornata et cum ornamentis suis ac propter ipsa potius ornamenta peritura. et uenit, inquit, unus ex septem angelis habentibus phialas et adgressus est me dicens: ueni, ostendam tibi damnationem meretricis magnae sedentis super aquas multas, cum qua fornicati sunt reges terrae. et duxit me in spiritu et uidi mulierem sedentem super bestiam:
妝飾與衣裳的標記、美貌的誘惑,只配妓女與不端的婦女;幾乎沒有誰的妝飾比那些貞操卑賤之人更為昂貴。所以在聖經中,就是主願我們從中受教與勸誡的,那妓女之城被描寫為妝扮得更美、裝飾華麗,並要與她的妝飾一同、且更是因那些妝飾而滅亡。他說,拿著七碗的七位天使中,有一位前來對我說:你到這裏來,我要將那坐在眾水上的大妓女所要受的審判指給你看;地上的君王與她行淫。我被聖靈感動,天使帶我去,我就看見一個女人騎在獸上。
The insignia of ornaments and dress, and the enticements of beauty, befit none but harlots and immodest women; and the adornment of well-nigh none is more costly than of those whose modesty is cheap. So in the holy Scriptures, by which the Lord willed us to be instructed and admonished, the harlot city is described, more beautifully decked and adorned, and, with her ornaments and rather on account of those very ornaments, about to perish. And there came, it says, one of the seven angels having the vials, and he approached me, saying: Come, I will show thee the damnation of the great harlot who sitteth upon many waters, with whom the kings of the earth have committed fornication. And he led me in spirit, and I saw a woman sitting upon a beast.
4:22
et mulier illa amicta erat pallium purpureum et coccineum et adornata erat auro et lapidibus pretiosis et margaritis, tenens poculum aureum in manu sua plenum exsecrationum et inmunditiae et fornicationis totius terrae. fugiant castae uirgines et pudicae incestarum cultus, habitus inpudicarum, lupanarum insignia, ornamenta meretricum. Clamat etiam Spiritu sancto plenus Esaias et filias Sion auro et ueste corruptas increpat et obiurgat perniciosis opibus afluentes et a Deo per saeculi delicias recedentes. exaltatae sunt, inquit, filiae Sion et ambulauerunt alto collo et nutu oculorum et incessu pedum trahentes tunicas et pedibus simul ludentes.
那女人穿著紫色和朱紅色的外袍,用金子、寶石、珍珠為妝飾,手拿金杯,杯中盛滿了普天下的可憎之物,並她淫亂的污穢。讓貞潔端莊的童女躲避不貞之人的妝飾、不端之人的裝束、妓院的標記、娼妓的妝飾。以賽亞也被聖靈充滿,呼喊責備那被金子與衣裳敗壞的錫安女子,斥責她們充溢著毀滅性的財富,並藉今世的享樂離棄神。他說,錫安的女子驕傲,行走挺項,賣弄眼目,俏步徐行,腳下玎璫,拖著她們的衣裙。
And that woman was clothed in a purple and scarlet mantle, and adorned with gold and precious stones and pearls, holding a golden cup in her hand, full of the abominations and uncleanness and fornication of the whole earth. Let chaste and modest virgins flee the adornment of the unchaste, the garb of the immodest, the insignia of brothels, the ornaments of harlots. Isaiah, too, full of the Holy Spirit, cries out and rebukes the daughters of Zion corrupted by gold and dress, and upbraids them as overflowing with pernicious wealth and departing from God through the delights of the age. The daughters of Zion, he says, are lifted up, and they walked with a haughty neck and with winking eyes and a tripping gait, trailing their tunics and at the same time playing with their feet.
4:23
et humiliabit Deus principales filias Sion et reuelabit Dominus habitum earum: et auferet Dominus gloriam uestis illarum et ornamenta earum et crines et cincinnos et lunulas et discrimen et armillas et botronatum et dextralia et anulos et inaures et serica contexta cum auro et hyacintho. et erit pro odore suauitatis puluis et pro cingulo reste cingeris et pro ornamento capitis aureo caluitium habebis. hoc Deus culpat, hoc denotat: hinc corruptas esse, hinc a cultu uero adque diuino desciuisse pronuntiat. exaltatae ceciderunt, comptae turpitudinem foeditatemque meruerunt.
主必使錫安為首的女子卑微,必露出她們的裝束;主必除掉她們衣裳的華美與妝飾、她們的頭髮與鬈髮、新月形的飾物、分髮的帶子、手鐲、辮織之物、臂環、戒指、耳環,並金與紫晶織成的絲綢。必有臭爛代替馨香,必以繩索束腰代替華帶,必以禿頭代替金製的頭飾。這是神所責備、所烙記的:由此祂宣告她們已被敗壞,已從那真實神聖的妝飾上偏離。她們被高舉,卻已墮落;她們妝扮華麗,所得的卻是卑賤與醜陋。
And God shall humble the chief daughters of Zion, and the Lord shall lay bare their attire; and the Lord shall take away the glory of their dress and their ornaments, and their hair, and their curls, and their crescent ornaments, and their parting-bands, and their bracelets, and their plaited work, and their armlets, and their rings, and their earrings, and their silks woven with gold and hyacinth. And instead of a sweet odor there shall be dust, and instead of a girdle thou shalt be girded with a rope, and instead of the golden ornament of the head thou shalt have baldness. This God blames, this He brands: hence He declares that they have been corrupted, hence that they have fallen away from the true and divine adornment. Lifted up, they have fallen; decked out, they have earned baseness and foulness.
4:24
sericum et purpuram indutae Christum induere non possunt, auro et margaritis et monilibus adornatae ornamenta cordis ac pectoris perdiderunt. quis non id exsecretur et fugiat quod alii fuerit exitio P quis id adpetat et adsumat quod ad necem alterius.pro gladio fuerit et telo? si hausto poculo moreretur ille qui biberat, uenenum scires esse quod ille potauit: si accepto cibo qui acceperat interiret, scires esse letale quod acceptum potuit occidere nec ederes inde nec biberes, unde interisse alios ante conspiceres. nunc quanta ignorantia ueri est, animi quanta dementia id uelle quod et nocuerit semper et noceat, et putare quod inde ipsa non pereas, unde alios perisse cognoscas!
身披絲綢與紫衣的婦女不能披戴基督;以黃金、珍珠與項鍊妝飾的人,已喪失了心與胸的裝飾。有誰不憎惡並躲避那曾使他人滅亡的東西呢?有誰會貪求並取用那曾如刀劍與兵器般置他人於死地的東西呢?倘若有人飲盡一杯便死去,你就知道他所飲的乃是毒藥;倘若有人進食後便喪命,你就知道他所領受的乃是致命之物,因它能殺死領受者;你便不會從那曾使他人喪命之處去吃或去喝。如今對真理的無知何等之大,心智的瘋狂何等之深,竟去貪戀那向來有害且如今仍有害之物,竟以為自己不會從那已知別人喪命之處而滅亡!
Women clothed in silk and purple cannot put on Christ; adorned with gold and pearls and necklaces, they have lost the ornaments of heart and breast. Who would not abhor and shun that which has been another's ruin? Who would crave and take up that which has served, for the killing of another, as a sword and a weapon? If a man died after draining a cup, you would know that what he drank was poison; if one perished after taking food, you would know that what he received was deadly, since it could kill the taker; and you would neither eat nor drink from that source whence you had seen others die before. How great, then, is the ignorance of the truth, how great the madness of mind, to desire that which has always harmed and harms still, and to suppose that you yourself will not perish from that whence you know others to have perished!
4:25
Neque enim Deus coccineas aut purpureas oues fecit aut herbarum sucis et conchyliis tinguere et colorare lanas docuit nec distinctis auro lapillis aut margaritis contexta serie et numerosa conpage digestis monilia instituit, quibus ceruicem quam fecit absconderet, ut operiatur illud quod Deus in homine formauit et conspiciatur id desuper quod diabolus inuenit. an uulnera inferri auribus Deus uoluit, quibus innocens adhuc infantia et mali saecularis ignara crucietur, ut postea de aurium cicatricibus et cauernis pretiosa grana dependeant, grauia etsi non suo pondere, mercium tamen quantitate?
神並未造出緋紅或紫色的羊,也未曾教人用草汁與螺貝來染色羊毛;祂也未設立那些以黃金鑲嵌寶石、或以珍珠織成串列、繁複交結而成的項鍊,好叫婦女以此遮掩祂所造的頸項,使神在人身上所造之物被遮蓋,而魔鬼所發明之物反被注目。神豈願在耳上刺成傷口,使那尚未知曉世間罪惡的純真嬰孩受此折磨,好叫日後從耳上的疤痕與孔洞垂下珍貴的珠粒——其重不在於本身的分量,而在於那貨物的昂貴?
For God did not make sheep scarlet or purple, nor did He teach men to dye and color wool with the juices of herbs and with shellfish; nor did He establish necklaces of gems set apart with gold, or of pearls arranged in a woven sequence and a many-jointed structure, that with them a woman might hide the neck which He had made, so that what God formed in the human being is covered over and what the devil invented is gazed upon instead. Did God will that wounds should be inflicted upon the ears, by which an innocent infancy, as yet ignorant of the world's evil, is tortured, so that afterward precious beads might hang from the scars and hollows of the ears, weighty not so much by their own mass as by the costliness of the merchandise?
4:26
quae omnia peccatores et apostatae angeli suis artibus prodiderunt, quando ad terrena contagia deuoluti a caelesti uigore recesserunt. illi et oculos circumducto nigrore fucare et genas mendacio ruboris inficere et mutare adulterinis coloribus crinem et expugnare omnem oris et capitis ueritatem corruptelae suae inpugnatione docuerunt.
這一切都是那些犯罪而背道的天使,藉其詭術所傳授的;當他們墮入屬地的污穢、離棄了屬天的活力之時。正是他們教人用黑墨環塗眼眶來掩飾,用虛假的紅來染頰,用偽冒的顏色來改變頭髮,並藉其敗壞的攻擊來摧毀面容與頭部一切的真實。
All these things the sinful and apostate angels disclosed by their arts, when, having sunk down to earthly defilements, they withdrew from their heavenly vigor. They it was who taught the staining of the eyes with a smear of blackness round about, the tinting of the cheeks with a lying redness, the changing of the hair with adulterate colors, and the assault upon all truth of face and head through the onset of their corruption.
4:27
Et quidem isto in loco pro timore quem nobis fides suggerit, pro dilectione quam fraternitas exigit, non uirgines tantum aut uiduas sed et nuptas puto et omnes omnino feminas admonendas, quod opus Dei et factura eius et plastica adulterari nullo modo debeat adhibito flauo colore uel nigro puluere uel rubore aut quolibet denique liniamenta natiua conrumpente medicamine. dicit Deus: faciamus hominem ad imaginem et similitudinem nostram: et audet quisquam mutare et conuertere quod Deus fecit! manus Deo inferunt, quando id quod ille formauit reformare et transfigurare contendunt, nescientes quia opus Dei est omne quod nascitur, diaboli quodcumque mutatur.
在此處,出於信德激發於我們心中的敬畏,出於弟兄之愛所要求的,我以為不僅童貞女與寡婦,連已婚的婦人、以及一切的女子,都當受勸誡:神的工作、祂的造化與祂所塑造之物,斷不可藉塗上黃色、黑粉或胭脂,或藉任何敗壞天然輪廓的染料而被偽冒。神說:「我們要照著我們的形像、按著我們的樣式造人。」竟有人膽敢改變並更易神所造之物!當他們竭力去重塑並改造祂所造成之物時,便是向神伸手干犯;他們不知凡受生的都是神的工作,凡被更改的都是魔鬼的工作。
And indeed in this place, out of the fear which faith inspires in us, out of the love which brotherhood demands, I think that not only virgins and widows but also wives, and absolutely all women, are to be admonished that the work of God and His handiwork and His molding ought in no way to be adulterated by the application of yellow color or black powder or rouge, or finally by any dye that corrupts the native lineaments. God says: Let us make man after our image and likeness; and does anyone dare to change and transform what God has made! They lay hands upon God when they strive to refashion and transfigure that which He has formed, not knowing that whatever is born is the work of God, and whatever is altered is the work of the devil.
4:28
si quis pingendi artifex uultum alicuius et speciem et corporis qualitatem aemulo colore signasset et signato iam consummatoque simulacro manus alius adferret, iam formata, iam picta quasi peritior reformaret, grauis prioris artificis iniuria et iusta indignatio uideretur: tu te existimas inpune laturam tam inprobae temeritatis audaciam, Dei artificis offensam? ut inpudica circa homines et incesta fucis lenocinantibus non sis, corruptis uiolatisque quae Dei sunt peior adultera detineris. quod ornari te putas, quod putas comi, inpugnatio est ista diuini operis, praeuaricatio est ueritatis. Monentis apostoli uox est: expurgate uetus fermentum, ut sitis noua consparsio, sicut estis azymi:
倘若有位繪畫的藝師以巧色描繪了某人的面貌、形體與身形,當這肖像已然完成、業已成就之時,另一人卻動手干預,自以為更精巧,便去重塑那已成形、已繪就之像——那麼對前一位藝師的傷害必顯為重,其義憤也必顯為當。難道你以為你那如此邪惡之冒昧的膽量、那對藝師之神所行的冒犯,竟能逍遙無罰嗎?縱然你以那些引誘的染料對人並非不貞不潔,然而你藉敗壞並玷污屬神之物,卻被算為更惡的姦婦。你所以為的妝飾、你所以為的雅緻,正是對神之工作的攻擊,是對真理的背叛。這正是那勸誡之使徒的聲音:「你們要把舊酵除淨,好使你們成為新團,正如你們是無酵的一樣;
If some artist of painting had marked out the face and form and bodily quality of a person with rival color, and, when the likeness was already finished and complete, another were to set his hands to it, and, as though more skilled, were to refashion what was already shaped and already painted, the wrong done to the former artist would seem grave and his indignation just. Do you imagine that you will carry off with impunity the boldness of so wicked a rashness, the offense given to God the Artist? Granting that you are not unchaste and impure toward men by your enticing dyes, yet by corrupting and violating what is God's you are held to be a worse adulteress. What you suppose to be adornment, what you suppose to be elegance, is an assault upon the divine work, a betrayal of the truth. It is the voice of the admonishing Apostle: Purge out the old leaven, that you may be a new lump, even as you are unleavened;
4:29
nam et pascha nostrum inmolatus est Christus. itaque festa celebremus non in fermento ueteri neque in fermento malitiae et nequitiae sed in azymis sinceritatis et ueritatis. num sinceritas perseuerat et ueritas, quando quae sincera sunt polluuntur colorum adulteriis, medicaminum facis in mendacium uera mutantur? Dominus tuus dicit: non potes facere capillum unum album aut nigrum: et tu ad uincendam Domini tui uocem uis te esse potiorem, audaci conatu et sacrilego contemptu crines tuos inficis, malo praesagio futurorum capillos iam tibi flammeos auspicaris et peccas pro nefas capite id est corporis parte meliore! et cum scriptum sit de Domino:
因為我們逾越節的羔羊基督已被獻為祭了。所以我們守這節,不可用舊酵,也不可用惡毒邪惡的酵,只可用真誠真實的無酵餅。」當那些真誠之物被顏色的姦淫所玷污,當真實之物被脂粉的詭詐變為謊言時,真誠與真實豈能長存?你的主說:「你不能使一根頭髮變白或變黑。」你卻要勝過你主的話語,自以為更強;藉著冒昧的嘗試與褻瀆的藐視,你染你的頭髮,以對未來的凶兆,預先為自己預言那火焰般的髮色,並且犯罪——何等的罪惡!——竟犯在頭上,就是身體較尊貴的部分!且既有論到主的記載:
for our Passover also, Christ, has been sacrificed. Therefore let us keep the feast, not with the old leaven, nor with the leaven of malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth. Does sincerity endure, and truth, when the things that are sincere are polluted with the adulteries of colors, when by the deceits of cosmetics things true are changed into a lie? Your Lord says: You cannot make one hair white or black; and you, to overcome the voice of your Lord, would have yourself be the stronger, and by a daring attempt and a sacrilegious contempt you tinge your hair, with an evil omen of things to come you already prophesy for yourself flame-colored hair, and you sin — O the wickedness! — upon the head, that is, upon the better part of the body! And though it is written of the Lord:
4:30
caput autem eius et capilli erant albi uelut lana aut nix, tu execraris canitiem, detestaris alborem, qui sit ad Domini caput similis ! Non metuis, oro, quae talis es, ne cum resurrectionis dies uenerit, artifex tuus te non recognoscat, ad sua praemia et promissa uenientem remoueat et excludat et increpans uigore censoris et iudicis dicat: copus hoc meum non est nec imago haec nostra est. cutem falso medicamine polluisti, crinem adultero colore mutasti, expugnata est mendacio facies, figura corrupta est, uultus alienus est. Deum uidere non poteris, quando oculi tibi non sunt quos Deus fecit sed quos diabolus infecit.
「祂的頭與髮皆白,如白羊毛、如雪。」你卻憎惡那白色、厭棄那如主之頭的銀白!我懇求你,身為這樣的人,難道你不懼怕,唯恐當復活之日來到時,你的藝師竟認不出你,當你前來領受祂的賞賜與應許時,祂轉身將你排拒在外,並以察驗者與審判者的嚴厲斥責你說:「這不是我的工作,這也不是我們的形像。你以虛假的脂粉玷污了你的皮膚,以偽冒的顏色改變了你的頭髮,你的臉被謊言所勝,你的容貌被敗壞,你的面目成了別人的。」你將不能見神,因為你所有的眼睛,不是神所造的,而是魔鬼所染的。
His head and His hairs were white as wool or as snow; yet you execrate whiteness and detest the silver of age, which is like to the head of the Lord! Do you not fear, I beg, you who are such, lest, when the day of the resurrection comes, your Artist may not recognize you, may turn away and exclude you as you come to His rewards and promises, and, rebuking you with the severity of a censor and a judge, may say: This work of mine it is not, nor is this image ours. You have polluted your skin with a false cosmetic, you have changed your hair with an adulterate color, your face is overpowered with a lie, your figure is corrupted, your countenance is another's. You will not be able to see God, since the eyes you have are not those which God made but those which the devil has tinted.
4:31
illum tu sectata es, rutilos adque depictos oculos serpentis imitata es, de inimico tuo compta, cum illo pariter arsura. haec, oro, non cogitanda sunt Dei semis, non die semper ac nocte metuenda? uiderint quid sibi nuptae per placendi studium de coniugum solacio blandiantur, quos dum in excusationem suam proferunt, ad societatem criminosae consensionis adsciscunt. uirgines certe, quibus hic sermo non consulit, quae se eiusmodi artibus compserint, inter uirgines non putem debere numerari sed tamquam contactas oues et morbidas pecudes a sancto et puro grege uirginitatis arceri, ne contagio suo ceteras polluant, dum simul degunt, ne perdant alias quaecumque perierunt.
你跟隨了他,你效法了那蛇——紅染而塗繪的眼睛;你既受仇敵的裝扮,就必與他一同焚燒。我懇求,神的婢女豈不該思想這些事嗎?豈不該晝夜常常懼怕嗎?那些已婚的婦人,藉著討好的慾望、訴諸丈夫的安慰,為自己作何等諂媚的辯解——讓她們自己去看;她們既以丈夫為藉口推到前面,便是把他們招攬為同犯之罪的同夥。至於童貞女——本篇言論本非為她們而設的勸誡——凡以這等技倆妝飾自己的,我以為不當算在童貞女之列,倒當如染病的羊與患疾的牲畜一般,從童貞之聖潔純全的群中隔開,免得她們在同住之時以其傳染玷污了其餘的人,免得她們既已自取滅亡,又使別人滅亡。
Him you have followed, his red and painted eyes — the serpent's — you have imitated; from your enemy you are bedecked, and with him you shall likewise burn. Are these things, I beg, not to be pondered by the handmaids of God; are they not to be feared always, by day and by night? Let wives see to it what flattering excuse they make for themselves through the desire of pleasing, by appeal to the comfort of their husbands; whom, while they bring them forward as their excuse, they enlist as partners in a guilty consent. Virgins certainly — for whom this discourse does not provide counsel — who deck themselves out by such arts, I would not think ought to be numbered among virgins, but should be kept away, like infected sheep and diseased cattle, from the holy and pure flock of virginity, lest by their contagion they pollute the rest while they dwell together, lest they destroy others, whoever themselves have perished.
4:32
Et quoniam continentiae bonum quaerimus, perniciosa quaeque et infesta uitemus. nec illa praetereo, quae dum neglegentia in usum ueniunt, contra pudicos et sobrios mores licentiam sibi de usurpatione fecerunt. quasdam non pudet nubentibus interesse et in illa lasciuientium libertate sermonum conloquia incesta miscere, audire quod non decet, quod non licet dicere, obseruare et esse praesentes inter uerba turpia et temulenta conuiuia, quibus libidinum fomes accenditur, sponsa ad patientiam stupri, ad audaciam sponsus animatur. quis illi in nuptiis locus est cui animus ad nuptias non est, aut uoluptaria illic et laeta esse quae possunt, ubi et studia et uota diuersa sunt?
我們既在尋求節制之善,就當躲避凡有害於它、與它為敵的事。我也不略過那些事——它們因疏忽而漸成習慣,便藉著慣常的沿用,違背貞潔清醒的德行,為自己造出放縱的特權。有些婦人毫不羞愧地出席婚宴,在那放蕩之言的肆意嬉戲中攙雜不潔的交談,聽那不合宜的,說那不可說的,留意並親身廁身於污穢的言語與醉酒的筵席之中——這些都點燃情慾的火種,使新娘被激起去忍受玷污,新郎被激起放膽妄為。一個心思根本不在婚嫁之事上的人,在婚宴中有何位分?或者一個志趣與心願截然不同的人,在那裡又怎能以那些事為樂為喜呢?
And since we are seeking the good of continence, let us shun whatever is pernicious and hostile to it. Nor do I pass over those things which, while through negligence they come into use, have made for themselves a license out of mere habitual usage, against chaste and sober morals. Some women are not ashamed to be present at weddings and, amid that loose license of wanton talk, to mingle in unchaste conversations, to hear what is not seemly, to say what is not lawful, to observe and to be present amid foul words and drunken banquets, by which the kindling of lusts is fired, so that the bride is roused to the endurance of defilement, the bridegroom to boldness. What place is there for her at a wedding whose mind is not set upon wedding, or how can the things there be pleasurable and joyful to one whose pursuits and vows are otherwise?
4:33
quid illic discitur, quid uidetur? quantum a proposito suo uirgo deficit! quantum inpudicior, quae uenerat pudica, discedit! corpore licet uirgo ac mente permaneat, oculis, auribus, lingua minuit illa quod habebat. Quid uero quae promiscuas balneas adeunt quaeque oculis ad libidinem curiosis pudori ac pudicitiae corpora dicata prostituunt? quae cum uiris adque uiros nudae uident turpiter ac uidentur, nonne ipsae inlecebram uitiis praestant? non ad corruptelam et iniuriam suam desideria praesentium sollicitant et inuitant? uiderit, inquis, qua illuc mente quis ueniat, mihi tantum reficiendi corpusculi cura est et lauandi.
在那裡學到什麼,看到什麼?那童貞女離她的志向何等遙遠!本是貞潔而來的,離去時卻何等更加放蕩!縱然她身與心仍存童貞,然而在眼、在耳、在舌上,她已削減了她原有的。再說那些常去男女混雜浴池的人,又如何呢?她們把那獻給貞潔與端莊的身體,曝露於貪戀情慾的好奇眼目之下?她們赤身於眾男之中、向著眾男,可恥地觀看又被觀看,豈不正是自己給罪惡提供引誘嗎?豈不正是招惹並邀請在場之人的慾望,以致自取敗壞與傷害嗎?你說:「各人到那裡懷著什麼心思,由他自看;我惟一所掛念的,不過是清洗並潔淨我這微賤的身軀罷了。」
What is learned there, what is seen? How far does the virgin fall short of her resolve! How far more immodest does she depart, who had come modest! Though she remain a virgin in body and in mind, yet in eyes, in ears, in tongue she has diminished what she had. And what of those who frequent the promiscuous baths, who prostitute to eyes curious for lust the bodies that are dedicated to chastity and modesty? Who, naked among men and toward men, behold shamefully and are beheld, do they not themselves furnish an allurement to vices? Do they not solicit and invite the desires of those present to their own corruption and injury? 'Let each see,' you say, 'with what mind he comes thither; for my part my only care is to refresh and to wash my poor little body.'
4:34
non te purgat ista defensio nec lasciuiae et petulantiae crimen excusat. sordidat lauatio ista, non abluit, nec emundat membra sed maculat. inpudice tu neminem conspicis, sed ipsa conspiceris inpudice: oculos tuos turpi oblectatione non polluis, sed dum oblectas alios, ipsa pollueris. spectaculum de lauacro facis, theatro sunt foediora quo conuenis. uerecundia illic omnis exuitur, simul cum amictu uestis honor corporis ac pudor ponitur, denotanda et contrectanda uirginitas reuelatur. iam nunc considera an cum uestita est uerecunda sit inter uiros talis quae ad inuerecundiam profecit audacia nuditatis.
那樣的辯解並不潔淨你,也不能為放縱與輕浮之罪開脫。那種沐浴是污穢,不是洗淨;它不潔淨肢體,反而玷污肢體。你不曾不潔地觀看任何人,自己卻被人不潔地觀看;你不曾以污穢的歡愉玷污自己的眼目,但你在使別人歡愉之時,自己卻被玷污了。你把浴場弄成一場展演;你所聚集之處,比戲院更為污穢。在那裡,一切端莊都被剝去;衣裳既脫,身體的尊嚴與羞恥也一同放下,童貞被揭露,任人指點、任人撫摸。如今你且想想:一個藉赤身的放膽已淪於無恥的女子,當她在眾男之中穿著衣服時,又怎能算為端莊呢?
That defense does not cleanse you, nor does it excuse the crime of wantonness and petulance. That bathing soils, it does not wash away; it does not cleanse the limbs but stains them. You behold no one unchastely, but you yourself are beheld unchastely; you do not pollute your own eyes with foul delight, but while you delight others, you yourself are polluted. You make a spectacle of the bath; the places where you assemble are fouler than the theater. There all modesty is stripped off; together with the garment the honor and shame of the body are laid aside, and virginity is unveiled to be marked out and to be handled. Consider now whether such a woman is modest when clothed among men, who by the boldness of nakedness has advanced to immodesty.
4:35
Sic ergo frequenter ecclesia uirgines suas plangit, sic ad infomes earum ac detestabiles fabulas ingemescit: sic flos uirginum extinguitur, honor continentiae ac pudor caeditur, gloria omnis ac dignitas profanatur. sic se expugnator inimicus per artes suas inserit: sic insidiis per occulta fallentibus diabolus obrepit: sic dum ornari cultius, dum liberius euagari uirgines uolunt, esse uirgines desinunt, furtiuo dedecore corruptae, uiduae antequam nuptae, non mariti sed Christi adulterae, quam fuerant praemiis ingentibus uirgines destinatae, tam magna supplicia pro amissa uirginitate sensurae. Audite itaque uirgines, ut parentem: audite quaeso uos timentem pariter ac monentem:
所以教會屢屢為她的童貞女哀哭;因人所傳關於她們可恥可憎的言論而呻吟;童貞之花就這樣枯萎,節制的尊榮與端莊被砍倒,一切榮耀與尊嚴遭褻瀆。攻擊的仇敵就這樣藉其詭術潛入;魔鬼就這樣藉著暗中欺哄的詭計悄然爬進;童貞女既想要更雅緻地妝飾、更放縱地遊蕩,就這樣不再為童貞女,被隱密的羞辱所敗壞——未嫁而先成寡婦,不是丈夫的姦婦,乃是基督的姦婦。她們原被指定為童貞女、要得何等浩大的賞賜,如今為所喪失的童貞,就要受何等深重的刑罰。所以,眾童貞女啊,要聽,如同聽父母一般;我懇求你們,要聽那既為你們懼怕、又勸誡你們的人:
Thus, then, the Church frequently bewails her virgins; thus she groans over the shameful and detestable tales told of them; thus the flower of the virgins is extinguished, the honor and modesty of continence is cut down, all glory and dignity is profaned. Thus the assailing enemy insinuates himself by his arts; thus by snares that deceive through hidden ways the devil creeps in; thus, while virgins wish to be adorned more elegantly, to roam more freely, they cease to be virgins, corrupted by a stealthy disgrace — widows before they were wives, adulteresses not of a husband but of Christ. The greater the prizes for which they had been destined as virgins, the greater the punishments they will feel for virginity lost. Hear, therefore, O virgins, as you would a parent; hear, I beseech you, one who fears for you and admonishes you alike:
4:36
audite utilitatibus et commodis uestris fideliter consulentem. estote tales quales uos Deus artifex fecit, estote tales quales uos manus patris instituit: maneat in uobis facies incorrupta, ceruix pura, forma sincera: non inferantur auribus uulnera, nec brachia includat aut colla de armillis et monilibus catena pretiosa: sint a compedibus aureis pedes liberi, crines nullo colore fucati, oculi conspiciendo Deo digni. celebrentur lauacra cum feminis, quarum in uos pudica lauatio est. nuptiarum festa inproba et conuiuia lasciua uitentur, quorum periculosa contagio est. uince uestem quae uirgo es, uince aurum quae carnem uincis et saeculum.
要聽那忠心為你們的益處與好處籌謀的人。你們要照神——你們的藝師——所造的而為;你們要照天父之手所塑成的而為。願你的面容在你裡面保持不被敗壞,頸項潔淨,形體真純;不要在耳上刺成傷口,不要讓貴重的鏈子以鐲與項鍊纏繞你的臂與頸;願你的雙腳脫離金製的腳鐐,你的頭髮不染任何顏色,你的眼目配得仰望神。沐浴要與那些洗濯端莊的婦女一同進行。要躲避婚宴的邪惡筵席與放蕩的宴會,因其傳染甚危。你既是童貞女,就要勝過你的衣裳;你既勝過了肉體與世界,就要勝過你的黃金。
hear one who faithfully takes counsel for your advantages and benefits. Be such as God your Artist made you; be such as the hand of the Father formed you. Let the face remain in you uncorrupted, the neck pure, the form sincere; let no wounds be inflicted upon the ears, let no precious chain enclose the arms or the neck with bracelets and necklaces; let your feet be free from golden fetters, your hair tinged with no color, your eyes worthy to behold God. Let the baths be frequented with women among whom your washing is chaste. Let the wicked feasts of weddings and wanton banquets be shunned, whose contagion is perilous. Conquer your garment, you who are a virgin; conquer your gold, you who conquer the flesh and the world.
4:37
non est eiusdem non posse a maioribus uinci et inparem minoribus inueniri. arta et angusta est uia quae ducit ad uitam, durus et arduus limes qui tendit ad gloriam. per hunc uiae limitem martyres pergunt, eunt uirgines, iusti quique gradiuntur. lata et spatiosa itinera uitate: letales illic inlecebrae et mortiferae uoluptates: illic diabolus blanditur ut fallat, adridet ut noceat, inlicit ut occidat. primus cum centeno martyrum fructus est, secundus sexagenarius uester est. ut aput martyras non est carnis et saeculi cogitatio nec parua et lenis et delicata congressio, sic et in uobis, quarum ad gratiam merces secunda est, sit et uirtus ad tolerantiam proxima.
凡不能被較大之事所勝的人,竟在較小之事上顯為不及——這是不相稱的。引到永生的,那門是窄的,那路是狹的;通往榮耀的界路是艱難而陡峭的。眾殉道者沿這條路的界路前進,眾童貞女在此行走,凡義人都在此邁步。要躲避那寬闊廣大的道路:那裡有致命的引誘與帶來死亡的歡愉;在那裡魔鬼諂媚是為要欺哄,微笑是為要傷害,引誘是為要殺害。那帶著百倍的頭一份果子屬於殉道者;那六十倍的第二份是你們的。正如殉道者中沒有肉體與世界的念頭,也沒有輕微、柔和、嬌弱的爭戰,照樣在你們這些得恩典之第二份賞賜的人裡面,也當有那緊隨在後、足以堅忍的德能。
It is not consistent that one who cannot be overcome by greater things should be found unequal to lesser. Narrow and strait is the way which leads to life; hard and steep is the path which tends toward glory. By this path of the way the martyrs proceed, the virgins go, all the righteous walk. Avoid the broad and spacious roads: there are deadly allurements and death-bearing pleasures; there the devil flatters that he may deceive, smiles that he may injure, entices that he may slay. The first fruit, with its hundredfold, belongs to the martyrs; the second, the sixtyfold, is yours. As among the martyrs there is no thought of flesh and the world, nor a slight and gentle and dainty contest, so also in you, whose reward unto grace is the second, let your virtue unto endurance be the next.
4:38
non est ad magna facilis ascensus. quem sudorem perpetimur, quem laborem, dum conamur ascendere colles et uertices montium? quid ut ascendamus ad caelum? si praemium pollicitationis adtendas, minus est quod laboras. inmortalitas perseueranti datur, perpetua uita promittitur, regnum Dominus pollicetur. Sernate, uirgines, seruate quod esse coepistis. seruate quod eritis. magna uos merces habet, praemium grande uirtutis, munus maximum castitatis. uultis scire quo malo careat et quid boni teneat continentiae uirtus? multiplicabo, inquit mulieri Deus, tristitias tuas et gemitus tuos, et in tristitia paries filios, et conuersio tua ad uirum tuum et ipse tui dominabitur.
登向偉大之事並非易事。當我們竭力攀登丘陵與山巔之時,我們要忍受何等的汗水、何等的勞苦?何況我們是要升到天上呢?倘若你注目於那應許的賞賜,你所勞苦的就算為輕了。永不朽壞賜給那堅忍的,永恆的生命被應許,主應許一個國度。眾童貞女啊,要持守,要持守你們已開始所是的;要持守你們將要所是的。有極大的賞賜在等候你們,德行的宏大獎賞,貞潔至大的恩賜。你們願意知道節制之德能脫離何等的惡、又持有何等的善嗎?神對那婦人說:「我必多多加增你的愁苦與你的歎息,你必在愁苦中生產兒女,你必戀慕你的丈夫,你的丈夫必管轄你。」
The ascent to great things is not easy. What sweat do we endure, what toil, while we strive to climb hills and the peaks of mountains? What then, that we may ascend to heaven? If you attend to the reward of the promise, what you labor at is the less. Immortality is given to the persevering, perpetual life is promised, the Lord pledges a kingdom. Keep, O virgins, keep what you have begun to be; keep what you shall be. A great reward awaits you, a grand prize of virtue, the greatest gift of chastity. Do you wish to know from what evil the virtue of continence is free, and what good it holds? I will multiply, God says to the woman, your sorrows and your groanings, and in sorrow you shall bring forth children, and your turning shall be toward your husband, and he shall have dominion over you.
4:39
uos ab hac sententia liberae estis, uos mulierum tristitias et gemitus non timetis, nullus uobis de partu circa filios metus est: nec maritus dominus, dominus uester et caput Christus est ad instar et uicem masculi, sors uobis et condicio communis est. Domini uox est illa dicentis: filii saeculi huius generant et generantur: qui autem habuerint dignationem saeculi illius et resurrectionis a mortuis, non nubunt neque matrimonium faciunt: neque enim incipiunt mori. aequales enim sunt angelis Dei, cum sint filii resurrectionis. quod futuri sumus, iam uos esse coepistis. uos resurrectionis gloriam in isto saeculo iam tenetis, per saeculum sine saeculi contagione transitis:
你們已從這判語中得了自由;你們不必懼怕婦人的愁苦與歎息;你們不必為生育子女而有任何懼怕;丈夫也不是你們的主——你們的主、你們的頭乃是基督,居於丈夫的位分與地位;你們的份與境況是與祂同享的。這正是主說話的聲音:「今世之子有娶有嫁;惟有算為配得那世界、並從死裡復活的人,也不娶也不嫁;因為他們不再能死,乃和神的使者一樣,既是復活的人,就為神的兒子。」我們將要成為的,你們已開始成為了。你們在今世已經持有復活的榮耀;你們經過世界,卻不沾染世界的污穢。
You are free from this sentence; you do not fear the sorrows and groanings of women; no fear of childbearing touches you concerning offspring; nor is the husband your lord — your Lord and head is Christ, in the place and stead of the male; your lot and condition is shared in common. It is the Lord's voice that says: The children of this world beget and are begotten; but they who shall be counted worthy of that world and of the resurrection from the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage; for neither shall they begin to die; for they are equal to the angels of God, since they are children of the resurrection. What we are to be, you have already begun to be. You already hold in this world the glory of the resurrection; you pass through the world without the world's contagion.
4:40
cum castae perseueratis et uirgines, angelis Dei estis aequales. tantum maneat et duret solida et inlaesa uirginitas et ut coepit fortiter, iugiter perseueret nec monilium aut uestium quaerat ornamenta sed morum. Deum spectet et caelum neque oculos ad sublime porrectos ad carnis et mundi concupiscentiam deprimat, ad terrena deponat. Prima sententia crescere et multiplicari praecepit, secunda et continentiam suasit. dum adhuc rudis mundus et inanis est, copiam fecunditate generantes propagamur et crescimus ad humani generis augmentum : cum iam refertus est orbis et mundus inlicit, qui capere continentiam possunt spadonum more uiuentes castrantur ad regnum.
當你們堅守貞潔、持守童貞時,你們便與神的使者同等。惟願童貞堅固無損地長存、持守,正如它勇敢地開始,也讓它持續不斷地堅忍;不尋求項鍊或衣裳的妝飾,乃尋求德行的妝飾。願它仰望神與天,不把那高舉之目降向肉體與世界的私慾,不把它垂向屬地之物。頭一道判語吩咐要生養、要繁多;第二道則又勸人節制。當世界尚且粗陋空虛之時,我們藉著豐盛的生育而蕃衍增多,以增添人類;及至寰宇已滿、世界引誘之時,凡能接受節制的,就效法閹人的樣式而被閹割,為了天國。
When you persevere chaste and virgins, you are equal to the angels of God. Only let virginity remain and endure solid and unharmed, and as it has begun bravely, let it persevere continually; let it not seek the ornaments of necklaces or garments, but of morals. Let it look toward God and heaven, and let it not lower its eyes, stretched on high, to the concupiscence of flesh and world, nor cast them down to earthly things. The first sentence commanded to grow and to be multiplied; the second urged continence as well. While the world was as yet rude and empty, we are propagated and grow by begetting in abundance unto fruitfulness, for the increase of the human race; but when now the globe is full and the world entices, those who can receive continence are castrated unto the kingdom, living after the manner of eunuchs.
4:41
nec hoc iubet Dominus sed hortatur, nec iugum necessitatis inponit, quando maneat uoluntatis arbitrium liberum. sed cum habitationes multas aput patrem suum dicat, melioris habitaculi hospitia demonstrat. habitacula ista meliora uos petitis, carnis desideria castrantes maioris gratiae praemium in caelestibus obtinetis. omnes quidem qui ad diuinum munus et patrium baptismi sanctificatione perueniunt hominem illic ueterem gratia lauacri salutaris exponunt et innouati Spiritu sancto a sordibus contagionis antiquae iterata natiuitate purgantur. sed natiuitatis iteratae uobis maior sanctitas et ueritas conpetit, quibus desideria iam carnis et corporis nulla sunt.
主並非命令此事,乃是勸勉;祂也不加上必須的軛,因為意志自由的抉擇仍然存留。但當祂說在祂父的家裡有許多住處時,祂便指明那更美居所的寓所。這些更美的住處,正是你們所尋求的;當你們閹割肉體的慾望時,便在諸天上得著更大恩典的賞賜。誠然,凡藉著洗禮的成聖而得著那屬神、屬父之恩賜的人,都在那裡藉拯救之浴的恩典脫去舊人,並被聖靈更新,藉著再生從舊有污染的污穢中得潔淨。然而那再生更大的聖潔與真實,是屬於你們的——你們如今已無肉體與身體的慾望。
Nor does the Lord command this, but exhorts it; nor does He impose the yoke of necessity, since the free choice of the will remains. But when He says that there are many dwellings in His Father's house, He points to the lodgings of a better habitation. These better dwellings you seek, when, by castrating the desires of the flesh, you obtain in the heavens the reward of a greater grace. All indeed who attain to the divine gift and the Father's by the sanctification of baptism there lay aside the old man by the grace of the saving laver, and, renewed by the Holy Spirit, are purged from the filth of the old contagion by a repeated birth. But to you a greater holiness and truth of the repeated birth belongs, you who have now no desires of flesh and body.
4:42
sola in uobis quae sunt uirtutis et spiritus ad gloriam remanserunt. apostoli uox est quem Dominus uas electionis suae dixit, quem ad promenda mandata caelestia Deus misit. primus homo, inquit, e terrae limo, secundus e caelo: qualis ille e limo, tales et qui de limo, et qualis caelestis, tales et caelestes. quomodo portauimus imaginem eius qui de limo est, portemus et imaginem eius qui de caelo est.
惟獨在你們裡面,那屬德行、屬聖靈之物存留以致榮耀。這是那使徒的聲音——主稱他為祂揀選的器皿,神差他去宣揚屬天的誡命。他說:「頭一個人是出於地的塵土,第二個人是出於天;那屬土的怎樣,凡屬土的也怎樣;那屬天的怎樣,凡屬天的也怎樣。我們既有屬土之人的形像,也必有屬天之人的形像。」
In you alone the things which are of virtue and of the spirit remain unto glory. It is the voice of the Apostle, whom the Lord called the vessel of His election, whom God sent to set forth the heavenly commandments. The first man, he says, was from the slime of the earth, the second from heaven; such as was he of the slime, such also are they who are of the slime; and such as is the heavenly, such also are the heavenly. As we have borne the image of him who is of the slime, let us bear also the image of him who is from heaven.
4:43
hanc imaginem uirginitas portat, portat integritas, sanctitas portat et ueritas, portant disciplinae Dei memores, iustitiam cum religione retinentes, stabiles in fide, humiles in timore, ad omnem tolerantiam fortes, ad sustinendam iniuriam mites, ad faciendam misericordiam faciles, fraterna pace unanimes adque concordes. Quae uos singula, o bonae uirgines, obsernare, diligere, inplere debetis quae Deo et Christo uacantes ad Dominum, cui uos dicastis, et maiore et meliore parte praeceditis. prouectae annis, iunioribus facite magisterium: minores natu, praebete conparibus incitamentum. hortamentis uos mutuis excitate, aemulis de uirtute documentis ad gloriam prouocate.
這形像,童貞承載著,純全承載著,聖潔與真實承載著;凡顧念神之操練的也承載它——他們持守公義與虔敬,在信德上堅定,在敬畏中謙卑,能忍受一切,溫和地擔當凌辱,樂於施行憐憫,在弟兄的和睦中同心合意。良善的童貞女啊,這幾樣是你們所當遵守、所當愛慕、所當成全的——你們既為神與基督而得自由,便以那更大更美的份,先行歸向你們所獻身的主。你們這年長的,要教導年幼的;你們這年少的,要激勵你們的同伴。要彼此勸勉互相激發;以競相效法的德行榜樣,彼此挑旺,以致榮耀。
This image virginity bears, integrity bears, sanctity and truth bear it; they bear it who are mindful of the discipline of God, holding justice together with religion, steadfast in faith, humble in fear, brave for every endurance, gentle for the bearing of injury, ready for the doing of mercy, of one mind and concord in brotherly peace. These several things, O good virgins, you ought to observe, to love, to fulfill — you who, being free for God and Christ, go before, with both the greater and the better part, unto the Lord to whom you have dedicated yourselves. You who are advanced in years, give instruction to the younger; you who are lesser in age, furnish an incitement to your peers. Stir one another up with mutual exhortations; by emulous proofs of virtue provoke one another unto glory.
4:44
durate fortiter, spiritaliter pergite, peruenite feliciter. tantum mementote tunc nostri, cum incipiet in uobis uirginitas honorari.
要勇敢地堅持,要屬靈地前進,要有福地抵達。惟願到那時,當童貞在你們裡面開始得尊榮之際,要記念我們。
Hold out bravely, proceed spiritually, arrive happily. Only remember us then, when virginity shall begin to be honored in you.
← 第 3 章第 5 章 →
123456789101112131415