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愛任紐殘篇 第 1-5 章

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1-5:1
ἼΔΩΜΕΝ νῦν καὶ τὴν τούτων ἄστατον ἀσύστ. γνώμην δύο που καὶ τριῶν ὄντων, πῶς περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν οὐ τὰ αὐτά λέγουσιν, ἀλλὰ τοῖς πράγμασι καὶ τοῖς ὀνόμασιν ἐναντία ἀποφαίνονται·Ὁ μὲν γὰρ πρῶτος, ἀπὸ τῆς λεγομένης γνωστικῆς αἱρέσεως τὰς ἀρχὰς εἰς ἴδιον χαρακτῆρα διδασκαλείου μεθαρμόσας Οὐαλεντῖνος, οὕτως ἐξηροφόρησεν, ὁρισάμενος εἶναι δοάδα ἀνονόμαστον, ἧς τὸ μέν τι καλεῖσθαι Ἄῤῥητον, τὸ δὲ Σιγήν. Ἔπειτα ἐκ ταύτης τῆς δυάδος δευτέραν δυάδα προβεβλῆσθαι, ἧς τὸ μέν τι Πατέρα ὀνομάζει, τὸ δὲ Ἀλήθειαν. Ἐκ δὲ τῆς τετράδος ταύτης καρτοφορεῖσθαι Λόγον καὶ Ζωὴν, Ἄνθρωπον καὶ Ἐκκλησίαν· εἶναί τε ταύτην ὀγδοάδα πρώτην. Καὶ ἀπὸ μὲν τοῦ Λόγου καὶ τῆς Ζωῆς δέκα δυνάμεις λέγει προβεβλῆσθαι, καθὼς προειρήκαμεν· ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου καὶ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας δώδεκα, ὧν μίαν ἀποστᾶσαν καὶ ὑστερήσασαν, τὴν λοιπὴν πραγματείαν πεποιῆσθαι. Ὅρους τε δύο ὑπέθετο, ἕνα μὲν μεταξὺ τοῦ Βυθοῦ καὶ τοῦ λοιποῦ Πληρώματος, διορίζοντα τοὺς γεννητοὺς Αἰῶνας ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀγεννήτου Πατρός· ἕτερον δὲ τὸν ἀφορίζοντα αὐτῷ αὐτῶν τὴν μητέρα ἀπὸ τοῦ Πληρώματος. Καὶ τὸν Χριστὸν δὲ οὐκ ἀπὸ τῶν ἐν τῷ Πληρώματι Αἰώνων προβεβλῆσθαι, ἀλλὰ ὑπὸ τῆς μητρὸς, ἔξω δὲ γενομένης, κατὰ τὴν γνώμην τῶν κρειττόνων ἀποκεκυῆσθαι μετὰ σκιᾶς τινος. Καὶ τοῦτον μὲν, ἅτε ἄρρενα ὑπάρχοντα, ἀποκόψαντα ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ τὴν σκιὰν, ἀναδραμεῖν εἰς τὸ Πλήρωμα. Τὴν δὲ μητέρα ὑπολειφθεῖσαν μετὰ τῆς σκιᾶς, κεκενωμένην τε τῆς πνευματικῆς ὑποστάσεως, ἕτερον υἱὸν προενέγκασθαι· καὶ τοῦτον εἶναι τὸν Δημιουργὸν, ὃν καὶ παντοκράτορα λέγει τῶν ὑποκειμένων. Συμπροβεβλῆσθαι δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ ἄριστον ἀριστερὸν ἄρχοντα ἐδογμάτισεν, ὁμοίως τοῖς ῥηθησομένοις ὑφʼ ἡμῶν ψευόωνύμως Γνωστικοῖς. Καὶ τὸν Ἰησοῦν ποτὲ μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ συσταλέντος ἀπὸ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτῶν, συναναχυθέντος τε τοῖς ὅλοις προβεβλῆσθαί φησι, τουτέστι τοῦ Θελητοῦ· ποτὲ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀναδραμόντος εἰς τὸ Πλήρωμα, τουτέστι τοῦ Χριστοῦ· ποτὲ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου καὶ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας. Καὶ τὸ Πνεῦμα δὲ τὸ ἅγιον ὑπὸ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας Ἀληθείας φησὶ προβεβλῆσθαι εἰς ἀνάκρισιν καὶ καρποφορίαν τῶν Αἰώνων, ἀοράτως εἰς αὐτοὺς εἰσιόν· δἰ οὗ τοὺς Αἰῶνας καρποφορεῖν τὰ φυτὰ τῆς ἀληθείας
現在讓我們也來看看這些人那不穩定、不連貫的見解;他們不過兩三個人,論到同樣的事卻不說同樣的話,反倒在實質和名稱上都作出彼此矛盾的論斷。他們中的第一位瓦倫提努(Valentinus),把所謂諾斯底(Gnostic)異端的原理改編成適合他自己學派的特殊面貌,如此宣稱:他立論說,有一個不可名狀的二元(Dyad),其一部分稱為『不可言喻者』(Ineffable),另一部分稱為『沉默』(Sige)。然後他說,從這二元產生出第二個二元,其一部分他名之為『父』,另一部分名之為『真理』。而從這四元(Tetrad),結出果子來的是道與生命、人與教會;這就是第一個八元。他說,從道與生命產生了十個能力(power),如我們先前所說;從人與教會產生了十二個,其中一個墮落並有所虧缺,便造成了其餘的事端。他又設立了兩個『界限』(Horos):一個在深淵(Bythos)與其餘普累若麻之間,把那些受生的伊涌與那未受生的父分開;另一個則把他們的『母親』與普累若麻分開。他說,基督並不是從普累若麻內的伊涌產生的,乃是由那位『母親』所生——是在她按著那些更高存有的記念而來到外面之後,連同某個影子一同生出的。而這基督,既是陽性的,便把那影子從自己身上割除,奔回普累若麻去了;至於那位母親,被撇在外面與影子同在,又被掏空了屬靈的本體,便產生了另一個兒子;這就是那造物主(Demiurge),他也稱之為那在下之物的全能者。他又教導說,與這造物主一同被產生的,還有一個左手的執政者,類似於下文我們將要論到的那些假冒為善、妄稱『諾斯底』的人。他說,至於耶穌,有時被說成是從那位由他們的母親分離出來、又與『全體』調和的那位所產生的——也就是從那『所願者』(Theletos);有時是從那奔回普累若麻的那位——也就是從基督;有時又是從人與教會所產生的。他又說,聖靈是由『真理之教會』所產生的,為要查驗眾伊涌並使之結果子,無形地進入它們裡面;眾伊涌便藉著聖靈結出真理的果子來。
Let us now look also at the unstable, incoherent opinion of these men, who, being but two or three, do not say the same things concerning the same matters, but make assertions contrary both in the realities and in the names. For the first of them, Valentinus, having adapted the principles of the so-called Gnostic heresy to the particular character of his own school, declared thus: he laid down that there is an unnameable Dyad, of which one part is called the Ineffable and the other Silence (Sige). Then from this Dyad, he said, a second Dyad was brought forth, of which he names one part Father and the other Truth. And from this Tetrad were borne as fruit Logos and Life, Man and Church; and this is the first Ogdoad. And from the Logos and Life, he says, ten powers were brought forth, as we said before; and from Man and Church, twelve, of which one, having fallen away and come short, brought about the rest of the proceedings. He posited also two Limits (Horoi): one between Bythos and the rest of the Pleroma, separating the begotten Aeons from the unbegotten Father; the other separating their Mother from the Pleroma. And the Christ, he says, was not brought forth from the Aeons within the Pleroma, but was produced by the Mother—after she had come to be outside, in accordance with the remembrance of the higher beings—together with a certain shadow. And this Christ, being male, cut off the shadow from himself and ran back up into the Pleroma; but the Mother, left behind with the shadow and emptied of the spiritual substance, brought forth another son; and this is the Demiurge, whom he also calls the Almighty of the things below. He also taught that, brought forth together with him, was a left-hand ruler, similarly to those who are to be spoken of by us, the falsely-named Gnostics. And Jesus, he says, was at one time brought forth from him who was separated off from their Mother and mingled together with the All—that is, from the Desired One (Theletos); at another time from him who ran back up into the Pleroma—that is, from the Christ; and at another time from Man and Church. And the Holy Spirit, he says, was brought forth by the Church of Truth, for the examination and fruit-bearing of the Aeons, entering into them invisibly; through whom the Aeons bore as fruit the plants of truth.
1-5:2
Σεκοῦνδος λέγει εἶ- Σεκοῦνδος μέν τις κατὰ ναι τὴν πρώτην ὀγδοάδα, τὸ αὐτὸ ἅμα τῷ Πτολεμαίῳ τετράδα δεξιὰν καὶ τετράδα γενόμενος, οὗτος λέγει τετράἀριστεράν, οὕτως παραδιδοὺς δα εἶναι δεξιὰν καὶ τετράδα καλεῖσθαι, τὴν μὲν μίαν φῶς, δὲ ἄλλην σκότος· τὴν δὲ ἀποστᾶσάν τε καὶ ὑστερήσασαν δύναμιν μὴ εἶναι ἀπὸ τῶν τριάκοντα Αἰώνων, (ἀλλὰ) ἄλλος ἀριστερὰν καὶ φῶς καὶ σκότὴν τος· καὶ τὴν ἀποστᾶσαν δὲ καὶ ὑστερήσασαν δύναμιν οὐκ ἀπὸ τῶν τριάκοντα Αἰώνων λέγει γεγενῆσθαι, ἀλλʼ ἀπὸ· τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν. Ἄλλος ἐπὶ τὸ ὑψηλότερον καὶ γνωστικώτερον ἐπεκτεινόμενος, τὴν πρώτην τετράδα οὕτως· Ἔστι τις πρὸ πάντων προαρχὴ, προανεννόητος, ἄῤῥητός τε καὶ ἀνονόμαστος, ἣν ἐγὼ μονότητα ἀριθμῶ. Τατῃ δέ τις ἐπιφανὴς διδάσκαλος αὐτῶν οὕτως λέγει· Ἦν πρώτη ἀρχὴ ἀνεννόητος, ἀῤῥητός τε καὶ ἀνονόμαστος, ἣν μονότητα καλεῖ· ταύτῃ δὲ τῇ μονότητι συνυπάρχει δύναμις, ἣν καὶ αὐτὴν ὀνομάζω ἑνότητα. Αὕτη ἑνότης, τε μονότης, τὸ ἓν οὖσαι, προήκαντο, μὴ προέμεναι, ἀρχὴν ἐπὶ πάντων νοητὴν, ἀγέννητόν τε καὶ ἀόρατον, ἣν ἀρχὴν λόγος μονάδα καλεῖ. Ταύτῃ τῇ μονάδι συνυπάρχει δύναμις ὁμοούσιος αὐτῇ, ἣν καὶ αὐτὴν ὀνομάζω τὸ ἕν. Αὗται αἱ δυνάμεις, τε μονότης καὶ ἑνότης, τε καὶ τὸ ἓν, προήκαντο τὰς λοιπὰς προβολὰς τῶν συνυπάρχ ειν δύναμιν, ἣν ὀνομάζει ἑνότοτα. Αὕτη ἑνότης εἴτε τε μονότης προήκαντο, καντο, μὴ προέμεναι, ἀρχὴν ἐπὶ πάντων νοητῶν ἀγέννητόν τε καὶ ἀόρατον, ἣν μονάδα καλεῖ. Ταύτῃ τῇ δυνάμει συνυπάρχει δύναμις ὁμοούσιος αὐτῇ, ἣν καὶ αὐτὴν ὀνομάζω τὸ ἕν. Αὗται αἱ τέσσαρες δυνάμεις προήκαντο τὰς λοιμονάς πὰς τῶν αἰώνων προβολάς. Αἰώνων. Ἰοῦ ἰοῦ, καὶ φεῦ φεῦ. Τὸ τραγιὸν γὰρ ὡς ἀληθῶς ἐπειπεῖν ἔστιν ἐπὶ τῇ τοιαύτῃ σιμφορᾷ τῶν τὰ γελοιώδη ταῦτα γεγραφότων τῆς τοιαύτης ὀνοματοποιΐας, καὶ τῇ τοσαύτῃ τόλμῃ, ὡς ἀπερυθριάσας τῷ ψεύσματι αὐτοῦ ὄνομα ὀνόματα τέθεικεν· ἐν γὰρ τῷ λέγειν, ἔστι τις προαρχὴ πρὸ πάντων, προανεννόητος, ἣν ἐγὼ μονάδα μονότητα καλῶ· καὶ πάλιν, ταύτῃ τῇ μονάδι μονότητι συνυπάρχει δύναμις, ἣν καὶ αὐτὴν ἑνότητα ὀνομάζω· σαφέστατα, ὅτι τε πλάσμα πλάσματα αὐτοῦ ἐστι τὰ εἰρημένα, ὡμολόγηκε, καὶ ὅτι αὐτὸς ὀνόματα τέθεικε τῷ πλάσματι, ὑπὸ μηδενὸς πρότερον ἄλλου τεθειμένα. Καὶ σαφές ἐστιν, ὅτι αὐτὸς ταῦτα τετόλμηκεν ὀνοματοποιῆσαι· καὶ εἰ μὴ παρῆν τῷ βίῳ αὐτὸς, οὐκ ἂν ἀλήθεια εἶχεν ὄνομα. Οὐδὲν οὖν κωλύει, καὶ ἄλλον τινὰ ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτῆς ὑποθέσεως οὕτως ὁρίσασθαι ὀνόματα
塞昆都斯(Secundus)說,第一個八元是由一個右手的四元和一個左手的四元組成的,他教導說一個稱為光、另一個稱為黑暗;又說那墮落並有虧缺的能力,不是出於那三十個伊涌,乃是出於它們的果子。(有一位塞昆都斯,與托勒密(Ptolemy)同時代,他說有一個右手四元和一個左手四元,一個稱為光、另一個稱為黑暗;他又說那墮落並有虧缺的能力,不是出於那三十個伊涌,乃是出於它們的果子。)他們中另有一人,伸展自己去追求更高深、更『有知識』的境界,如此描述第一個四元:『在萬有之先,有某個「先起初」(Proarche,元始),是先於一切構想、不可言喻、不可名狀的,我把它算作「獨一性」(Monotes,獨存)。與它共存的有一個能力,我也把它名為「合一性」(Henotes)。這「合一性」和「獨一性」,既然是一,便產生了——卻又不算產生——一個凌駕萬有之上、屬理智的、未受生且不可見的「起初」,這「起初」言語稱之為「單一」(Monad,單子)。與這「單一」共存的,有一個與它同質(homoousios,同本質)的能力,我也把它名為「那一」(to Hen)。於是這些能力——獨一性、合一性與「那一」——便產生了其餘眾伊涌的諸般流出。』唉,唉,悲哉,悲哉!對於那些寫下這些荒謬之事的人所造成的這等災禍、這等杜撰名目、這等大膽妄為,人實在可以發出悲劇式的哀號;因為他厚顏地為自己的謊言、為自己的虛構命名;因為他說『在萬有之先有某個「先起初」,先於一切構想,我稱之為單一—獨一性』,又說『與這單一—獨一性共存的有一個能力,我也把它名為合一性』——他已最清楚不過地承認,他所說的乃是他自己的編造,是他自己給這虛構命的名,是在他以先沒有任何人立過的名。顯然是他自己膽敢杜撰這些名目;他若不曾活在世上,真理便要無名了。那麼,沒有什麼能攔阻另一個人,照樣在同一個假設上如此定下名目:……
Secundus says that the first Ogdoad consists of a right-hand Tetrad and a left-hand Tetrad, teaching that the one is called light and the other darkness; and that the power which fell away and came short is not from the thirty Aeons, but from their fruits. (One Secundus, becoming a contemporary of Ptolemy, says that there is a right-hand Tetrad and a left-hand Tetrad, and that the one is called light and the other darkness; and the power that fell away and came short he says came to be not from the thirty Aeons, but from their fruits.) Another of them, stretching himself out toward the more lofty and the more 'gnostic,' (describes) the first Tetrad thus: "There is, before all things, a certain Fore-beginning (Proarche), unconceived-before, ineffable and unnameable, which I number as Solitariness (Monotes). With this there co-exists a power, which I likewise name Oneness (Henotes). This Oneness and this Solitariness, being one, brought forth—without bringing forth—a beginning over all things, intelligible, unbegotten and invisible, which the discourse calls Monad. With this Monad there co-exists a power consubstantial with it, which I likewise name 'the One' (to Hen). These powers, then—Solitariness and Oneness, and the One—brought forth the remaining productions of the Aeons." Alas, alas, and woe, woe! For one may truly cry the tragic cry over such a calamity of those who have written these ridiculous things, over such name-coining and over such audacity, since, shameless in his lie, he has given names to his fiction; for in saying, "There is a certain Fore-beginning before all things, unconceived-before, which I call Monad-Solitariness," and again, "With this Monad-Solitariness there co-exists a power, which I likewise name Oneness," he has most plainly confessed that the things he has said are his own fabrication, and that he himself has assigned names to his fiction, names laid down by no one else before him. And it is plain that he himself has dared to coin these names; and if he had not been present in this life, the truth would have had no name. Nothing, then, prevents another also from defining names upon the same hypothesis in this way:
1-5:3
Ἄλλοι δὲ πάλιν αὐτῶν τὴν πρώην καὶ ἀρχέγονον ὀγδοάδα τούτοις τοῖς ὀνόμασι κεκλήκασι· πρῶτον προαρχὴν,. Ἄλλοι δὲ πάλιν αὐτῶν τὴν πρώτην καὶ ἀρχαιόγονον ἀρχέγονον ὀγδοάδα τούτοις τοῖς ὀνομάσιν ἐκάλεσαν ἔπειτα ἀνεννόητον, τὴν δὲ τρίτην ἄῤῥητον, καὶ τὴν τετάρτην ἀόρατον· καὶ ἐκ μὲν τῆς πρώτης Προαρχῆς προβεβλῆσθαι πρώτῳ καὶ πέμπτῳ ἀρχὴν, ἐκ δὲ τῆς ἀρχῆς τῆς ἀνεννοήτου δευτέρῳ καὶ ἕκτῳ τόπῳ ἀκατάληπτον, ἐκ δὲ τῆς ἀῤῥήτου τρίτῳ καὶ ἑβδόμῳ τόπῳ ἀνονόμαστον, ἐκ δὲ τῆς ἀοράτου ἀγέννητον, πλήρωμα τῆς πρώτης ὀγδοάδος. Ταύτας βούλονται τὰς δυνάμεις προϋπάρχειν τοῦ τετάρτην ἀόρατον. Καὶ ἐκ μὲν τῆς πρώτης προαρχῆς προβεβλῆσθαι πρώτῳ καὶ πέμπτῳ τόπῳ ἀρχήν· ἐκ δὲ τῆς ἀνεννοήτου, δευτέρῳ καὶ ἕκτῳ ἀκατάληπτον· ἐκ δὲ τῆς ἀῤῥήτου τρίτῳ καὶ ἑβδόμῳ τόπῳ, ἀνονόμαστον· ἐκ δὲ τῆς ἀοράτου, ἀγέννητον, πλήρωμα τῆς πρώτης ὀγδοάδος. Ταύτας βούλονται τὰς δυνάμεις προϋπάρχειν τοῦ Βυθοῦ καὶ τῆς Σιγῆς Βυθοῦ καὶ τῆς Σιγῆς, ἵνα τελείων τελειότεροι φανῶσιν ὄντες, καὶ Γνωστικῶν γνωστικώτεροι· πρὸς οὓς δικαίως ἄν τις ἐπιφωνήσειεν· ληρολόγοι σοφισταί. Καὶ γὰρ περὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ Βυθοῦ πολλαὶ καὶ διάφοροι γνῶμαι παῤ αὐτοῖς. Οἱ μὲν γὰρ αὐτὸν ἄζυγον λέγουσι, αήτε ἄῤῥενα, θήλειαν, μήτε ὅλως ὄντα τι. Ἄλλοι δὲ ἀῤῥενόθηλυν αὐτὸν λέγουσιν εἶναι, ἑρμαφροδίτου φύσιν αὐτῷ περιάπτοντες. Ἄλλοι δὲ περὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ Βυθοῦ ἀδιαφόρως κινούκενοι, οἱ μὲν αὐτὸν ἄζυγον λέγουσι, μήτε μήτε ἄῤῥενα μήτε θῆλυν, ἄλλοι δὲ τὴν Σιγὴν θήλειαν αὐτῷ συμπαρεῖναι, καὶ εἶναι ταύτην πρώτην συζυγίαν. Σιγὴν δὲ πάλιν ἄλλοι συνευνέτιν αὐτῷ προσάπτουσιν, ἵνα γένηται πρώτη συζογία
他們中又有別人,用這些名字稱呼那第一個、原初的八元:第一是『先起初』(Proarche),其次是『不可構想者』(Anennoetos),第三是『不可言喻者』(Arrhetos),第四是『不可見者』(Aoratos)。從第一個『先起初』,在第一和第五的位置上產生出一個『起初』;從『不可構想者』,在第二和第六的位置上產生『不可領會者』(Akataleptos);從『不可言喻者』,在第三和第七的位置上產生『不可名狀者』(Anonomastos);從『不可見者』則產生『未受生者』(Agennetos)——這就是第一個八元的豐盛。他們希望這些能力是先於深淵(Bythos)和沉默(Sige)而存在的,好叫他們顯得比完全者更完全、比諾斯底(Gnostics)更有知識;對這等人,人盡可正當地喊一聲:『胡言亂語的詭辯家!』因為即便論到深淵本身,他們中間也有許多彼此不同的見解。有人說他是無配偶的,既非陽性、亦非陰性,甚至根本不是任何東西。另有人說他是雌雄同體的,把雌雄同體(hermaphrodite)的性質歸給他。還有人對於這同一個深淵漫不經心、莫衷一是:有的說他無配偶,既非陽性亦非陰性;另有的則說那陰性的『沉默』與他同在,這便是第一對配偶。又有別人把『沉默』作為他的同寢者歸給他,好叫第一對配偶得以產生。
Others again of them have called the first and primordial Ogdoad by these names: first Fore-beginning (Proarche), then Inconceivable (Anennoetos), the third Ineffable (Arrhetos), and the fourth Invisible (Aoratos). And from the first, the Fore-beginning, there was brought forth, in the first and fifth place, a Beginning; from the Inconceivable, in the second and sixth place, the Incomprehensible (Akataleptos); from the Ineffable, in the third and seventh place, the Unnameable (Anonomastos); and from the Invisible, the Unbegotten (Agennetos)—the fullness of the first Ogdoad. These powers they wish to have existed before Bythos and Sige, that they may appear more perfect than the perfect and more gnostic than the Gnostics; to whom one might justly cry out: "Babbling sophists!" For even concerning Bythos himself there are among them many and differing opinions. For some say that he is without a consort, neither male nor female, nor indeed anything at all. Others say that he is male-female, attaching to him the nature of a hermaphrodite. Still others, being indifferently moved concerning this same Bythos, some say that he is without consort, neither male nor female, while others say that Silence (Sige), being female, is present with him, and that this is the first conjunction. And again others attach Silence to him as a bed-fellow, that there may come to be a first conjunction.
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