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赫爾米安的法昆杜斯

為三章辯護 第 3 章

拉丁文原文.12 節.部分字詞可點開查義

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3:1
Sed rogo, clementissime imperator, ut rationes meas vel gratanter, vel patienter accipias. Nam demonstrare proposui quoniam pro ejusdem fidei quam tenes defensione, et propter Chalcedonensium custodiam decretorum, quibus et manifesta est et firmata, his qui nuper contrariam eis sententiam protulerunt consentiendum esse non duxi. Inquietus enim et impudens hæreticorum spiritus, qui facilis et promptus ad impugnanda vetera constituta, in confusionem suam semper extollitur, quia sæpe frustratus est, cum evidenti contradictione Chalcedonensis decreta concilii subvertere niterctur; obliqua nunc et obtecta malignitate subrepens, intelligi non posse credidit suæ factionis insidias.
但我懇求,至仁慈的皇帝啊,願你或欣然、或耐心地接納我的論述。因為我已立意要證明:為著你所持守之同一信仰的辯護,並為著遵守卡爾西頓的諸項決議──信仰藉這些決議既得彰顯又得堅固──我認為不應苟同那些近來提出與這些決議相反之裁斷的人。因為異端那不安且無恥的靈,輕易而急切地攻擊古老的法令,總是高傲自負以致自取其辱,因它屢屢受挫;當它公然以反對企圖顛覆卡爾西頓會議的決議時,如今便以歪曲隱蔽的惡意潛入,以為它黨派的詭計不能被人察覺。
But I beg, most merciful emperor, that thou wouldst receive my reasonings either gladly or patiently. For I have set out to demonstrate that, for the defence of the same faith which thou holdest, and for the keeping of the Chalcedonian decrees, by which it is both made manifest and confirmed, I have not deemed it right to consent to those who have lately brought forward a sentence contrary to them. For the restless and shameless spirit of the heretics, which is ready and prompt to assail ancient ordinances, is always lifted up to its own confusion, because it has often been frustrated; and when, with evident contradiction, it strove to overturn the decrees of the Council of Chalcedon, now creeping in with crooked and hidden malice, it has believed that the snares of its faction cannot be perceived.
3:2
Invenit autem desideratam occasionem ex furore quorumdam qui sub nomine Christiano latenter in Ecclesia gentile Origcnis dogma sectantur. Et quia per instantiam tuæ religionis ejusdem profani dogmatis iterata damnatio est, hinc ejus sectatores exarserunt adversus Ecclesiam, quaerentes eam quacunque possent immissione turbare.
但它從某些人的瘋狂中找到了它所渴望的機會──這些人冒著基督徒之名,卻在教會中暗中追隨俄利根那異教的教義。又因著你虔敬熱忱的勤勉,那同一褻瀆教義再次受到定罪,於是它的追隨者便對教會發怒,企圖以一切可能的滲入手段攪擾教會。
But it found the occasion it desired out of the madness of certain persons who, under the Christian name, secretly follow in the Church the heathen dogma of Origen. And because, through the diligence of thy religious zeal, a renewed condemnation of that same profane dogma was made, hence its followers were inflamed against the Church, seeking to disturb it by whatever means of infiltration they could.
3:3
Et hoc totum publicam notitiam non effugit, præsertim cum et Domitianus Ancyrensis a quidem civitatis episcopus provinciæ primae Galatiæ, qui fuit ipsius Origenianæ hæresis manifestus assertor, per libellum quem ad beatissimum papam Vigilium scripsit, Deo extorquente confessus est, quod ejus complices Origeniani, cum viderent non se posse proprium dogma defendere, neque sibi quidquam spei de conflictu restare, ad ultionem eorum quae contra Origenem gesta sunt, hæc Ecclesiæ scandala commoverunt.
這一切並未逃過公眾的注意,尤其因為加拉太第一省安西拉城的主教多米提安──他曾是那俄利根異端的公開倡導者──在他寫給至福的教宗維吉利烏斯的訴狀中(天主從他口中逼出此言)承認:他的同夥俄利根派,見自己既不能護衛己方的教義、又無望於這場爭鬥,便為報復那些反對俄利根所行之事,興起了這些攻擊教會的醜聞。
And all this did not escape public notice, especially since even Domitian, bishop of the city of Ancyra in the first province of Galatia, who had been a manifest champion of that very Origenian heresy, confessed in a petition which he wrote to the most blessed Pope Vigilius — God wresting it from him — that his accomplices the Origenists, when they saw that they could not defend their own dogma, nor that any hope of the conflict remained to them, stirred up these scandals against the Church in revenge for the things that had been done against Origen.
3:4
Horum igitur satellitio fungens Eutychianorum perfidia, ea quæ per se contra Chalcedonense concilium nequidquam sæpe tentaverat, per ipsos latenter aggressa est qui nobis non videbantur in hac parte suspecti. Nec tamen et illi magnam synodum palam reprehendere præsumpserunt; magis autem sub quodam colore defensionis, quam tuæ pietati commendabat fallax eorum promissio, rubur ejus infirmare conati sunt.
於是歐迪克派的奸詐便藉這些人的協助──這奸詐單憑己力,曾屢次徒勞地企圖攻擊卡爾西頓會議──如今便藉著那些在此事上我們看來並不可疑的人,暗中加以攻擊。然而連他們也不敢公然指責這偉大的會議;倒是在某種辯護的幌子下──這幌子靠他們欺人的承諾而博得你虔敬的青睞──他們試圖削弱會議的力量。
Employing therefore the support of these men, the perfidy of the Eutychians, which by itself had often vainly attempted things against the Council of Chalcedon, secretly assailed it through those very men who did not seem to us suspect in this matter. Yet not even they presumed openly to reprehend the great synod; rather, under a certain colour of defence — which their deceitful promise commended to thy piety — they endeavoured to weaken its strength.
3:5
Jactabant enim, sicut optime nosti, quod omnes Eutychiani qui decretis ejus offenduntur, comminicarent Ecclesiæ, si epistola venerabilis Ibæ Edesseni episcopi ad Marim Persam scripta, quam praedicta synodus, cum pro ea memoratus Ibas tanquam injuriosus in beatum Cyrillum accusaretur, pronuntiavit orthodoxam, damnaretur quidem ut Nestoriana, sed approbata fuisse a synodo negaretur.
因為他們誇口說(正如你深知的):凡因卡爾西頓會議的決議而被冒犯的歐迪克派眾人,都願與教會共融,只要以德撒主教、可敬的伊巴斯致波斯人瑪利斯的書信──這封書信,前述會議在伊巴斯因此信被控對真福西里爾無禮時,曾宣判為正統──被定罪為聶斯托留派的,並且否認它曾為會議所贊同。
For they boasted, as thou knowest very well, that all the Eutychians who are offended by its decrees would communicate with the Church, if the letter of the venerable Ibas, bishop of Edessa, written to Maris the Persian — which the aforesaid synod, when the said Ibas was accused on its account as injurious to the blessed Cyril, pronounced orthodox — were indeed condemned as Nestorian, but it were denied that it had been approved by the synod.
3:6
Hoc agentes astute, ut dum nescios et ignaros advocant, quod per falsam et impudentissimam negationem dcfendi synodus possit, quaecunque mendacia Eutychiani in reprehensione ipsius epistolæ dictarent, nemine jam resistente, vel hinc satagente, scriberent nostrorum, quod valde lugendum est, subscriptionibus affirmanda: ut cum postea, quod facillimum erat 1 sola gestorum prolatione, suscepta fuisse ab illo concilio monstraretur, nil jam superesset, quod Eutychianis de Nestoriano dogmate semper illud infamantibus respondere possemus I.
他們狡詐地行此事,為要在他們招攬無知無識之人時──藉口說會議可以靠一種虛假而最無恥的否認來辯護──歐迪克派在指責那書信時所口授的任何謊言,既無人抵擋、無人為此奔忙,我們這邊的人(這實在大可哀歎)便可能寫下需用他們簽署來確認之事:以致日後當人顯明──僅憑出示記錄這極易之事──該書信曾為那會議所接納時,我們便再無餘地可以回應那些總把它誣為聶斯托留教義的歐迪克派了。
Doing this craftily, so that, while they call in the unwary and the ignorant — on the ground that the synod could be defended by a false and most shameless denial — whatever lies the Eutychians might dictate in reprehension of that letter, none now resisting or busying himself about it, our men (which is greatly to be lamented) might write things to be affirmed by their subscriptions: so that when afterwards it should be shown — which was very easy by the mere production of the records — that it had been received by that council, nothing now would remain that we could answer to the Eutychians, who were always defaming it as of Nestorian dogma.
3:7
His igitur ita fraudulenter agentibus, ac nescio quam promittentibus unitatem, quæ, si etiam sequeretur, confusio potius dicenda erat, illud exsecraulum horrendumque concessum est, ut epistola quam sancti illi venerabiles Patres orthodoxam probaterunt, non sola saltem, sed cum suis approbatoribus esset anathematizata I. Et ideo tam nefariæ occursurus audaciæ, quoniam satis ipsorum Eutycbianorum consuetudinem habemus expertam, quod omnibus pro veritate sibi resistentibus Nestorianorum crimen imponant, fidem meam imprimis quam de salutifera incarnatione Domini nostri Jesu Christi teneo, non solum simplici 4 sermone aperire, quod in tuæ confessionis approbatione jam feci.
於是當這些人如此詐偽行事、並許諾某種我不知為何的「合一」──這合一即使隨之而來,也寧可稱之為混亂──那可憎可怖之事便被讓步了:即那些聖潔可敬的諸聖父所贊許為正統的書信,竟被咒詛,且非僅它一封受咒詛,乃連同它的贊同者一併受咒詛。因此,為要對抗如此邪惡的膽大妄為,既然我們已充分領教那些歐迪克派的慣技──他們把聶斯托留派之罪名強加於凡為真理抵擋他們的人──我便決意首先要揭明我所持守、關於我們的主耶穌基督拯救性降生成人的信仰,不僅以樸實之言(這我在贊同你的宣認中已經做了),
While these men therefore acted so fraudulently, and promised I know not what unity — which, even if it had followed, ought rather to be called confusion — that execrable and horrible thing was conceded: that the letter which those holy and venerable Fathers had approved as orthodox should be anathematized, not alone at least, but together with its approvers. And therefore, in order to meet such wicked audacity, since we have sufficiently experienced the custom of those very Eutychians, that they impose the crime of the Nestorians upon all who resist them for the truth, I have resolved first of all to lay open the faith which I hold concerning the saving Incarnation of our Lord Jesus Christ, not only in plain speech — which I have already done in the approbation of thy confession,
3:8
sed etiam documenlis necessariis affirmare, atque adversus impugoantes defendere statui: ut eorum calumnias quanta valeo manifestatione veritatis evitem, quorum fraudes mendaciaque detegere, et errores proposui refutare. Id autem facio, ne animos quorumque simplicium qui nos ignorant, nostri nominis infamatione, a veritate agnoscenda quam insinuaturi sumus, avertant. Nam et hoc bene compertum est, quod non solum Eutychiani de sua vanitate convicti Nestorianos, verum etiam ipsi Nestoriani quos non minus redarguit fidei nostræ defensio, econtra nos de Eutycbiana hæresi criminantur.
也要以必要的文獻加以確立,並抵擋它的攻擊者:好叫我盡我所能,以真理最大的彰顯,避開那些人的誹謗──他們的詭詐與謊言我已立意要揭露,他們的謬誤我已立意要駁斥。我這樣做,是免得他們藉著毀謗我們的名聲,使任何不認識我們的純樸之人的心思,偏離我們即將要顯明的真理之認識。因為這也是確知的:不僅自取虛妄之證的歐迪克派指控我們是聶斯托留派,連聶斯托留派本身(我們護衛信仰同樣駁斥了他們)也反過來控告我們犯了歐迪克的異端。
but also to affirm it by necessary documents, and to defend it against its assailants: that I may avoid, by as great a manifestation of the truth as I am able, the calumnies of those whose frauds and lies I have proposed to expose, and whose errors I have proposed to refute. And I do this lest, by the defaming of our name, they turn aside the minds of any simple persons who do not know us from the recognition of the truth which we are about to make known. For this too is well ascertained, that not only the Eutychians, convicted of their own vanity, accuse us of being Nestorians, but the Nestorians themselves, whom no less our defence of the faith refutes, on the contrary charge us with the Eutychian heresy.
3:9
Et licet ista nec expavescamus, nec quasi nova miremur, quoniam sic aliquando etiam patres nostros Ariani velut Sabellianos, Sabeliiani vero velut Arianos mendaciter infamabant, oportet nos tamen, sicut monet Apostolus (Rom. III, 17), providere bona, non tantum coram Deo, sed etiam coram omnibus hominibus, criminationes detrahentium, praesertim in causa fidei, prævenire. Et hæc quidem dicta sint ad satisfactionem eorum qui cum eam necessitatem ignorent, etiam ea quæ dicuntur minus vigilanter attendunt. Intelligentiores autem profecto cognoscent, quid et defensioni præsentis causæ proficiat defensio fidei, quæ mihi cum tua pictate communis est.
雖然我們對這些事既不懼怕,也不以為新奇而詫異──因為從前亞流派也曾虛謊地誣我們的先輩為撒伯流派,又誣撒伯流派為亞流派──然而正如宗徒所勸(羅12:17),我們仍當謀求美善之事,不僅在天主面前,也在眾人面前,並當預先防備毀謗者的控告,尤其在信仰之事上。願這些話是為使那些人滿意而說的──他們因不知那必要,連所說的話也較不警醒地留意。但較有見識的人必定會認識到:信仰的辯護(這是我與你的虔敬所共有的)對於當前案件的辯護有何等的助益。
And although we neither dread these things, nor wonder at them as though new — since at one time the Arians likewise falsely defamed our fathers as Sabellians, and the Sabellians as Arians — yet it behoves us nevertheless, as the Apostle admonishes (Rom. 12:17), to provide things good not only before God, but also before all men, and to forestall the accusations of detractors, especially in a cause of faith. And let these things be said for the satisfaction of those who, being ignorant of that necessity, attend less vigilantly even to the things that are said. But the more intelligent will surely recognize how much the defence of the faith — which is common to me with thy piety — profits also the defence of the present cause.
3:10
Si enim probavero cam recte ac prudenter Nestorianis Eutychianisque resistere, quam supra jam docuimus magnæ synodi Chalcedonensis definitionibus convenire, uitiis absurdum videbitur ut Nestoriana credatur epistola quam illa synodus approbavit, quæ ipsis suis definitionibus Nestorianorum fallaciae tam solerter occurrite Deinde cum propter hæc eam, vel in sententia super epistola Ibæ prolata, vel in cæteris hinc atque inde Nestoriani et Eutychiani calumnientur, omnis eorum vana liet intentio, et frustra sc laborare co.
因為我若證明了那會議所贊同的書信正確而審慎地抵擋了聶斯托留派與歐迪克派──這一點我們在上文已經顯明,它與卡爾西頓大公會議的定義相符──那麼,認為那會議所贊同的書信是聶斯托留派的,便顯得全然荒謬,因為它正是憑著它自己的定義,如此巧妙地對抗聶斯托留派的詭詐。再者,既然聶斯托留派與歐迪克派為這些緣故而誹謗它──無論是在所頒關於伊巴斯書信的裁斷上,或在此彼其他事項上──他們一切的努力都將歸於徒然,他們也將枉費勞力。
For if I shall have proved that the letter which that synod approved rightly and prudently resists the Nestorians and Eutychians — which we have already shown above to agree with the definitions of the great Council of Chalcedon — it will seem altogether absurd that the letter which that synod approved should be believed to be Nestorian, seeing that by its very own definitions it so skilfully meets the deceit of the Nestorians. Then, since on account of these things the Nestorians and Eutychians calumniate it, whether in the sentence brought forth concerning the letter of Ibas, or in other matters this way and that, all their endeavour will be in vain, and they will labour to no purpose.
3:11
gnoscent, si cum fidem nostram asserimus, illi decreta ipsius synodi viderint confirmari, pro quibus infirmandis fallaci et longe circuitu auctoritatem ejus in aliis auferre conantur. Quoniam igitur cum defensori, tum etiam causae defensioni, propositus ordo conducit, tria quæ superius commemorata sunt breviter in hoc volumine defendemus. Quid enim nos contra calunaniantes Eutychianos manifestius probat a fallacia Nestorianorum penitus alienos, quam si duo hæc asseramus, id est, unum de Trinitate pro nobis crucifixum, et beatam Mariam recto vocari et vere et proprie matrem Dei?
當我們宣認我們的信德時,他們將會明白:那同一公會議的諸般決議已被確認——而他們為了削弱這些決議,竟以欺詐而迂迴的途徑,企圖在別的事上剝奪這些決議的權威。既然所提出的次序既有益於辯護者,也有益於對此案的辯護,我們便要在本卷中簡要地為上文所提及的三點作辯護。因為,對那些誣蔑我們的歐迪奇派而言,還有什麼能比我們宣認以下兩件事更明確地證明我們全然與聶斯多留派的欺詐無關呢?就是說:三位一體中的一位曾為我們被釘十字架,並且榮福瑪利亞被正確地、真實地、本來地稱為天主之母。
They will recognize, when we assert our faith, that the decrees of that very synod are confirmed—the very decrees which, in order to weaken them, they attempt by a deceitful and roundabout course to deprive of their authority in other matters. Since, therefore, the proposed order serves both the defender and the defense of the cause, we shall in this volume briefly defend the three points mentioned above. For what more clearly proves us, against the slandering Eutychians, to be utterly free from the deceit of the Nestorians, than if we assert these two things: namely, that one of the Trinity was crucified for us, and that blessed Mary is rightly called, truly and properly, the Mother of God?
3:12
Vel quid nos item contra calumniantes Nestorianos ab Eutychianorum discordia langius abesse demonstret, quam ut illud quoque terlium astruamus quia idem Dominus noster Jesus Christus in duabus naturis, hoc est in divinitate atque humanitate perfectus est ?
又或者,對那些誣蔑我們的聶斯多留派而言,還有什麼能更明確地顯示我們與歐迪奇派的紛爭相距甚遠呢?除非我們也加上這第三點:就是我們同一位主耶穌基督在兩個本性中,即在神性與人性中,是完全的。
Or again, what could demonstrate us, against the slandering Nestorians, to be further removed from the discord of the Eutychians, than that we should also add this third point: that the same Lord of ours Jesus Christ is perfect in two natures, that is, in divinity and humanity?
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