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Eusebius

Church History IX 1

Greek original · 11 verses · some words can be tapped for a gloss

ch. 2 →
1:1
Τὰ μὲν δὴ τῆς παλινῳδίας τοῦ προτεθέντος βασιλικοῦ νεύματος ἥπλωτο τῆς Ἀσίας πάντη καὶ πανταχοῦ, κατά τε τὰς ἀμφὶ ταύτην ἐπαρχίας· ὧν τοῦτον ἐπιτελεσθέντων τὸν τρόπον Μαξιμῖνος ἐπ ἀνατολῆς τύραννος, δυσσεβέστατος εἰ καί τις ἄλλος, καὶ τῆς εἰς τὸν τῶν ὅλων θεὸν εὐσεβείας πολεμιώτατος γεγονὼς, οὐδαμῶς τοῖς γραφεῖσιν ἀρεσθεὶς, ἀντὶ τοῦ προτεθέντος γράμματος λόγῳ προστάττει τοῖς ὑπ αὐτὸν ἄρχουσι τὸν καθ ἡμῶν ἀνεῖναι πόλεμον. ἐπεὶ γὰρ αὐτῷ μὴ ἐξῆν ἄλλως τῇ τῶν κρειττόνων ἀντιλέγειν κρίσει, τὸν προεκτεθέντα νόμον ἐν παραβύστῳ θεὶς, καὶ ὅπως ἐν τοῖς ὑπ αὐτὸν μέρεσι μὴ εἰς προὖπτον ἀχθείη φροντίσας, ἀγράφῳ προστάγματι τοῖς ὑπ αὐτὸν ἄρχουσι τὸν καθ ἡμῶν διωγμὸν ἀνεῖναι προστάττει. οἱ δὲ τὰ τῆς παρακελεύσεως ἀλλήλοις διὰ γραφῆς ὑποσημαίνουσιν.
Now the terms of the recantation of the imperial decree set forth above had been spread abroad throughout Asia, everywhere and in all parts, and through the provinces round about it. But when these things had thus been accomplished, Maximin, the tyrant of the East, the most impious of men if ever there was one, and a most bitter enemy of piety toward the God of all, was by no means pleased with what had been written; and instead of the letter set forth above he commanded the rulers under him by word of mouth to relax the war against us. For since he was not otherwise permitted to gainsay the judgement of his superiors, he laid aside in a corner the law already set forth, and, taking care that it should not be brought to light in the parts under his rule, by an unwritten command he ordered the rulers under him to relax the persecution against us. And they signified to one another the terms of this charge by writing.
如今那撤回前述皇帝詔令的條文,已傳遍亞細亞全境,無處不至,並傳及其四圍的諸省。然而這些事如此辦成之後,東方的僭主馬克西米努斯,若世上真有最不虔之人,此人正是其一,他向來是與敬拜萬有之神最為敵對的人,對所寫的詔書毫不喜悅;他不照前述的文書頒行,反而口頭吩咐他屬下的官長,要放鬆對我們所發動的戰爭。因他不得另以言語反駁上位者的裁定,便將那已頒的律法暗藏一隅,並謹慎使其在自己所轄之境不致公開,藉著未成文的命令,吩咐屬下的官長放鬆對我們的逼迫。他們便藉著書信彼此暗示這訓令的條文。
1:2
γοῦν παρ αὐτοῖς τῷ τῶν ἐξοχωτάτων ἐπάρχων ἀξιώματι τετιμημένος Σαβῖνος πρὸς τοὺς κατ ἔθνος ἡγουμένους τὴν βασιλέως ἐμφαίνει γνώμην διὰ Ῥωμαϊκῆς ἐπιστολῆς, ἧς καὶ αὐτῆς ἑρμηνεία τοῦτον περιέχει τὸν τρόπον
At all events, Sabinus, who among them had been honoured with the rank of most eminent prefect, made known the Emperor's mind to the provincial governors by a Latin epistle, the translation of which runs in the following manner:
於是在他們中間被尊以最尊貴總長之位的撒比努斯,藉一封拉丁文書信,向各省的長官表明皇帝的旨意;那書信的譯文如下:
1:3
Λιπαρωτάτῃ καὶ καθωσιωμένῃ σπουδῇ θειότης τῶν δεσποτῶν ἡμῶν θειοτάτων αὐτοκρατόρων πάντων τῶν ἀνθρώπων τὰς διανοίας πρὸς τὴν ὁσίαν καὶ ὀρθὴν τοῦ ζῆν ὁδὸν περιαγαγεῖν ἔτι πάλαι ὥρισεν, ὅπως καὶ οἶ ἀλλοτρίᾳ Ῥωμαίων συνηθείᾳ ἀκολουθεῖν δοκοῦντες τὰς ὀφειλομένας θρησκείας τοῖς ἀθανάτοις θεοῖς ἐπιτελοῖεν.
「With most assiduous and devoted zeal the Divinity of our lords, the most divine Emperors, long ago determined to lead the minds of all men into the holy and right path of life, so that even those who seemed to follow a custom foreign to that of the Romans might render the worship due to the immortal gods.
「我們眾主,那至神聖之諸皇帝的神性,早已以最殷勤、最虔誠的熱忱定意,要引導眾人的心思歸向那聖潔正直的生命之路,使那些看似隨從與羅馬人相異之習俗的人,也能向不朽的諸神獻上所當盡的敬拜。
1:4
ἀλλ τινῶν ἔνστασις καὶ τραχυτάτη βουλὴ εἰς τοσοῦτον περιέστη ὡς μήτε λογισμῷ δικαίῳ τῆς κελεύσεως δύνασθαι ἐκ τῆς ἰδίας προθέσεως ἀναχωρεῖν, μήτε τὴν ἐπικειμένην τιμωρίαν αὐτοὺς ἐκφοβεῖν.
But the obstinacy and most intractable resolve of certain persons reached such a point that they could neither be drawn back from their own purpose by the just reasoning of the command, nor were they frightened by the punishment that hung over them.
但有些人的頑梗與極其剛硬的心意竟到了這般地步,以致他們既不能因那命令中公正的理由而離棄自己的主張,也不因臨到他們頭上的刑罰而生懼怕。
1:5
ἐπειδὴ τοίνυν συνέβαινεν ἐκ τοῦ τοιούτου τρόπου πολλοὺς εἰς κίνδυνον ἑαυτοὺς περιβάλλειν, κατὰ τὴν προσοῦσαν εὐγένειαν τῆς εὐσεβείας θειότης τῶν δεσποτῶν ἡμῶν τῶν δυνατωτάτων αὐτοκρατόρων, ἀλλότριον εἶναι τῆς προθέσεως τῆς θειοτάτης τῆς ἰδίας δοκιμάζουσα τὸ ἐκ τῆς τοιαύτης αἰτίας εῖς τοσοῦτον κίνδυνον τοὺς ἀνθρώπους περιβάλλειν, ἐκέλευσε διὰ τῆς ἐμῆς καθοσιώσεως τῇ σῇ ἀγχινοίᾳ διαχαράξαι, ἵν᾿ εἴ τις τῶν Χριστιανῶν τοῦ ἰδίου ἔθνους τὴν θρησκείαν μετιὼν εὑρεθείη, τῆς κατ αὐτοῦ ἐνοχλήσεως καὶ τοῦ κινδύνου αὐτὸν ἀποστήσειας, καὶ μή τινα ἐκ ταύτης τῆς προφάσεως τιμωρίᾳ κολαστέον νομίσειας, ὁπότε τῇ τοσούτου χρόνου συνελεύσει συνέστη, αὐτοὺς μηδενὶ τρόπῳ πεπεῖσθαι δεδυνῆσθαι, ὅπως ἀπὸ τῶν τοιούτων ἐνστάσεων ἀναχωρήσαιεν.
Since, therefore, it came about that by such conduct many were involving themselves in danger, the Divinity of our lords, the most powerful Emperors, in accordance with their inborn nobility of piety, deeming it foreign to their own most divine purpose that men should for such a cause involve themselves in so great a danger, commanded that through my Devotedness it should be written to thy Sagacity, that if any of the Christians be found following the religion of his own nation, thou shouldest free him from molestation and danger directed against him, and shouldest not think that any one ought to be chastised with punishment on this pretext, since by the passage of so long a time it has been established that they can in no way be persuaded to depart from such obstinate ways.
因此,既然許多人因這樣的行徑使自己陷於危險,我們眾主,那最有權能之諸皇帝的神性,按其與生俱來的崇高虔敬,認為若人為這緣故竟使自己陷於如此大的危險,乃是有違他們自己至神聖的本意,便吩咐藉著我的盡忠,致書於你的明察:倘若見有任何基督徒隨從本族的信仰,你當免去那臨到他的騷擾與危險,也不可以為當以這藉口刑罰任何人;因經過這許久的時日已可確知,他們斷不能被勸服離棄這等頑梗的行徑。
1:6
ἐγγράψαι τοιγαροῦν πρὸς τοὺς λογιστὰς καὶ τοὺς στρατηγοὺς καὶ τοὺς πραιπωσίτους τοῦ πάγου ἑκάστης πόλεως σὴ ἐπιστρέφεια ὀφείλει, ἵνα γνοῖεν περαιτέρω αὐτοῖς τούτου γράμματος φροντίδα ποιεῖσθαι μὴ προσήκειν.
Therefore thy Solicitude ought to write to the curators and the magistrates and the praepositi of the district of every city, that they may know that it is not fitting for them to take any further notice of this matter.」
所以你的關懷當致書於各城轄區的稅吏、將官並區長,使他們知道,他們不宜再進一步留意此事。」
1:7
ἐπὶ τούτοις οἱ κατ ἐπαρχίαν, τὴν τῶν γραφέντων αὐτοῖς ἐπαληθεύειν προαίρεσιν νενομικότες, λογισταῖς καὶ στρατηγοῖς καὶ τοῖς κατ ἀγροὺς ἐπιτεταγμένοις τὴν βασιλικὴν διὰ γραμμάτων ἐμφανῆ καθιστῶσι γνώμην· οὐ μόνον δ αὐτοῖς διὰ γραφῆς ταῦτα προυχώρει, καὶ ἔργοις δὲ πολὺ πρότερον, ὡσὰν νεῦμα βασιλικὸν εἰς πέρας ἄγοντες, οὑς εἶχον ἐν δεσμωτηρίοις καθειργμένους διὰ τὴν εἰς τὸ θεῖον ὁμολογίαν, εἰς φανερὸν προάγοντες ἠλευθέρουν, ἀνιέντες τούτων δὴ αὐτῶν τοὺς ἐν μετάλλοις ἐπὶ τιμωρίᾳ δεδομένους· τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπ ἀληθείας βασιλεῖ δοκεῖν ὑπειλήφασιν ἠπατημένοι.
Hereupon those in charge of the provinces, having concluded that the purport of what had been written to them expressed a genuine intention, made the imperial mind manifest by letters to the curators and the magistrates and those set over the country districts. And not only did they carry out these things by writing, but much rather by action; for, with a view to bringing the imperial nod to fulfilment, those whom they kept shut up in prisons for their confession of the Deity they brought into the open and set free, releasing also such of these same men as had been consigned to the mines for punishment. For they had, in their error, supposed that this in truth was the Emperor's pleasure.
於是各省的官長斷定那寫給他們之事的旨意乃是出於真誠的意向,便藉書信向稅吏、將官並管理鄉間之人傳明皇帝的旨意。他們不單藉文書辦成此事,更藉行動而行;他們為要完成皇帝的旨意,便將那些因承認神而被囚於監牢的人帶到眾人面前釋放了,連那些被判罰下到礦坑的這等人也予以開釋。因他們受了矇蔽,竟以為這實在是皇帝的心意。
1:8
καὶ δὴ τούτων οὕτως ἐπιτελεσθέντων, ἀθρόως οἷόν τι φῶς ἐκ ζοφερᾶς νυκτὸς ἐκλάμψαν κατὰ πᾶσαν πόλιν συγκροτουμένας παρῆν ὁρᾶν ἐκκλησίας, συνόδους τε παμπληθεῖς, καὶ τὰς ἐπὶ τούτων ἐξ ἔθους ἐπιτελουμένας συναγωγὰς, καταπέπληκτο δ ἐπὶ τούτοις οὐ σμικρῶς πᾶς τις τῶν ἀπίστων ἐθνῶν, τῆς τοσαύτης μεταβολῆς τὸ παράδοξον ἀποθαυμάζων, μέγαν τε καὶ μόνον ἀληθῆ τὸν Χριστιανῶν θεὸν ἐπιβοώμενος.
And when these things had thus been accomplished, all at once, as though some light had shone forth out of a gloomy night, one might see churches thronged in every city, and assemblies exceedingly full, and the gatherings customarily held at them. And at this every one of the unbelieving heathen was struck with no small amazement, marvelling at the wonder of so great a change, and crying aloud that the God of the Christians alone was great and true.
這些事如此辦成之後,忽然之間,彷彿有光從幽暗的黑夜中照射出來,人便得見各城教會聚集滿了,會眾極其眾多,並有按習俗在其中所舉行的聚集。各個不信的外邦人都因此大為驚異,希奇這般大變化的奇妙,高聲稱頌惟有基督徒的神為大、為真。
1:9
τῶν δ ἡμετέρων οἱ μὲν τὸν τῶν διωγμῶν ἀγῶνα πιστῶς καὶ ἀνδρείως διηθληκότες τὴν πρὸς ἅπαντας αὖθις ἀπελάμβανον παρρησίαν, ὅσοι δὲ τὰ τῆς πίστεως νενοσηκότες τὰς ψυχὰς ἐτύγχανον κεχειμασμένοι, ἀσμένως περὶ τὴν σφῶν θεραπείαν ἔσπευδον, ἀντιβολοῦντες καὶ σωτηρίας δεξιὰν τοὺς ἐρρωμένους αἰτούμενοι, τόν τε θεὸν ἐλέων αὐτοῖς γενέσθαι καθικετεύοντες.
And of our own people, those who had faithfully and bravely fought through the contest of the persecutions once more recovered their boldness toward all men; but as many as had been sick in their faith and storm-tossed in their souls eagerly hastened after their own healing, beseeching and begging of the strong the right hand of salvation, and earnestly entreating God to be merciful to them.
至於我們自己的人,那些忠心勇敢經過逼迫之爭戰的,便重新在眾人面前得回坦然無懼;而那些信心生了病、靈魂遭風浪顛簸的人,則急切尋求自己的醫治,懇求堅固之人伸出拯救的右手,並切切祈求神向他們施憐憫。
1:10
εἶτα δὲ καὶ οἱ γενναῖοι τῆς θεοσεβείας ἀθληταὶ, τῆς εἰς τὰ μέταλλα κακοπαθείας ἐλευθερούμενοι, ἐπὶ τὰς ἑαυτῶν ἐστέλλοντο, γαῦροι καὶ φαιδροὶ διὰ πάσης ἰόντες πόλεως, εὐφροσύνης τε ἀλέκτου καὶ ἣν οὐδὲ λόγῳ δυνατὸν ἑρμηνεῦσαι παρρησίας ἔμπλεοι.
And then also the noble champions of godliness, set free from the hardship of the mines, were making their way to their own homes, going through every city proudly and with radiant faces, full of unspeakable gladness and of a boldness that cannot even be expressed in words.
其後那些敬虔的高貴鬥士,從礦坑的苦難中得釋放,便動身回各自的家鄉,昂然喜樂地經過各城,滿心懷著難以言喻的歡欣,並那連言語也無法述說的坦然。
1:11
στίφη δ οὖν πολυάνθρωπα κατὰ μέσας λεωφόρους καὶ ἀγορὰς, ᾠδαῖς καὶ ψαλμοῖς τὸν θεὸν ἀνυμνοῦντα, τὰ τῆς πορείας ἤνυε. καὶ τοὺς μετὰ τιμωρίας ἀπηνεστάτης μικρῷ πρόσθεν δεσμίους τῶν πατρίδων ἀπεληλαμένους εἶδες ἂν ἱλαροῖς καὶ γεγηθόσι προσώποις τὰς αὐτῶν ἑστίας ἀπολαμβάνοντας, ὡς καὶ τοὺς πρότερον καθ ἡμῶν φονῶντας, τὸ θαῦμα παρὰ πᾶσαν ὁρῶντας ἐλπίδα, συγχαίρειν τοῖς γεγενημένοις.
Thronging crowds of men, therefore, accomplished their journey along the midst of the highways and market-places, hymning God with songs and psalms. And you might have seen those who a little before had been prisoners undergoing the harshest punishment and driven from their native lands, now with cheerful and joyful faces recovering their own hearths, so that even those who formerly had thirsted for our blood, beholding the wonder beyond all expectation, rejoiced together with us at what had come to pass.
於是成羣結隊的人沿著大道與市集的中央前行,以詩歌與讚美歌頌神。你也得見那些不久之前還身為囚犯、受最殘酷的刑罰、被逐出本鄉的人,如今帶著歡欣喜樂的面容重得自己的家園;甚至那些從前渴飲我們之血的人,目睹這出乎一切意料的奇事,也與我們一同為所成就的事歡喜。
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