要理講授（全本） 第 11 章 第 10/12 段

'I will ask the Father, and he will give you another Paraclete.'

They sat awaiting the coming of the Holy Spirit, and when the day of Pentecost was being fulfilled, here in this very city of Jerusalem—for this dignity also is ours, and we speak not of good things that have happened among others, but of those graciously given among us—when, then, Pentecost had come, they sat, and the Paraclete came down from heaven, the guardian and sanctifier of the Church, the steward of souls, the helmsman of the storm-tossed, the light-bringer of the strayed, and the awarder of prizes to those who contend, and the crowner of the victors.

And he came down to clothe them with power and to baptize the apostles;

'you shall be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days from now.'

The grace was not partial, but the power was complete.

For just as he who plunges into the waters and is baptized is surrounded on every side by the waters, so also they were baptized wholly by the Spirit.

Water is poured around from without, but the Spirit baptizes also the soul within, leaving nothing out.

And why do you marvel? Take a bodily illustration, small indeed and trifling, but useful for the simpler sort.

If fire, passing through the thickness of iron, makes the whole within fire, and the cold becomes hot, and the black becomes shining—if fire, being a body, entering into the body of iron works thus unhindered—why do you marvel if the Holy Spirit enters into the innermost parts of the soul? And lest, when so great a grace was coming down, its magnitude should be unknown, a trumpet as it were heavenly sounded.

For suddenly there came from heaven a sound as of a violent rushing wind, signifying the coming of him who grants men to seize the kingdom of God by force, that both eyes might see the fiery tongues and ears hear the sound.

'And it filled the whole house where they were sitting.'

The house became a receptacle of the spiritual water.

The disciples sat within, and the whole house was filled.

They were therefore baptized without lack, according to the promise; they were clothed, in soul and body, with a divine and saving raiment.

'And there appeared to them divided tongues as of fire, and it sat upon each one of them, and they were all filled with the Holy Spirit.'

They partook of fire—not consuming, but saving fire, which destroys the thorns of sins but makes the soul shine.

This is about to come now upon you also, both to strip away and consume your thorny sins, and to make yet more shining the precious possession of your soul, and to give you grace.

For he gave it also then to the apostles;

in the form of fiery tongues he sat upon them, that they might put on newer spiritual diadems, by fiery tongues upon their heads.

A flaming sword formerly barred the gates of Paradise; a saving fiery tongue restored the grace.

'And they began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them to utter.'

Peter and Andrew were Galileans, who could speak neither Persian nor Median.

John and the rest of the apostles spoke every tongue to those from the nations.

For it was not just now, here, that multitudes of strangers began to gather from every quarter, but from that time.

What teacher so great is found, teaching all at once things they have not learned? For so many years through grammar and through the arts men learn only to speak Greek well,

and not even all speak alike.

But the rhetorician perhaps succeeds in speaking well, while the grammarian sometimes does not speak well, and he who knows grammar does not know the things of philosophy.

But the Holy Spirit teaches many tongues at once, which in all their lifetime those men do not know.

This is truly great wisdom, this is divine power.

What comparison is there between their long-time ignorance and the sudden and varied and strange working of tongues in an instant? A confusion came upon the multitude of those who heard.

A second confusion, in place of the first evil one at Babylon.

For at the confusion of tongues there was a division of purpose, since the mind-set was against God; but here there was a restoration and union of minds, since what was pursued was godly.

Through what the falling away came, through these came the return.

Whence they marveled, saying:

'how is it that we hear them speaking?' It is no wonder if you are ignorant.

For Nicodemus too was ignorant of the coming of the Spirit, and to him it was said:

'the wind blows where it wills, and you hear its sound, but you do not know whence it comes and whither it goes.'

But if even his sound, when I hear it, I do not know whence it comes, how can I describe what he himself is in his substance? But others, mocking, said that they were full of new wine—speaking truly indeed, but in mockery.

For the wine was truly new, the grace of the New Testament.

But this new wine was from a spiritual vine, which had often borne fruit already in the prophets, and had now budded in the New Testament.

For just as in the sensible realm the vine always remains the same, but at newer seasons

bears fruit: so also the same Spirit, remaining what he is, and having often wrought in the prophets, now displayed something new and wonderful.

For the grace reached even to the fathers, but here in surpassing measure.

For there they partook of the Holy Spirit, but here they were baptized in full perfection.

But Peter, having the Holy Spirit and knowing what he had, says:

'Men of Israel, you who proclaim Joel but do not know the things written, these are not drunk as you suppose.'

'For they are drunk—not as you suppose, but as it is written:'

'they shall be drunk with the fatness of your house, and you shall give them to drink from the torrents of your delight.'

They are drunk with a sober drunkenness, deadly to sin and life-giving to the heart, a drunkenness contrary to that of the body.

For the one produces forgetfulness even of things known, but this bestows the knowledge even of things not known.

They are drunk, having drunk the wine of the spiritual vine, which says:

'I am the vine and you are the branches.'

But if you do not believe me, understand from the time what is said:

'for it is the third hour of the day.'

For he who was crucified at the third hour, as Mark says, at the third hour now sent down the grace.

For the grace of the one is not different from the grace of the other, but he who was then crucified and made the promise fulfilled what he promised.

'But if you also wish to receive a testimony, hear,' he says:

'but this is that which was spoken through the prophet Joel:'

'and it shall come to pass afterward, says God, I will pour out of my Spirit.'

But the phrase 'I will pour out' hinted at a rich giving.

For God does not give the Spirit by measure.

The Father loves the Son and has given all things into his hand.

And he has given him the authority also to bestow the grace of the all-holy Spirit on whom he wills.

'I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh, and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy.'

'And even upon my menservants and upon my maidservants in those days I will pour out of my Spirit, and they shall prophesy.'

The Holy Spirit is no respecter of persons.

For he does not seek dignity, but reverence of soul.

Let neither the rich be puffed up, nor the poor be cast down.

But let each one only prepare himself for the reception of the heavenly grace.

Now many things have been said by us today, and perhaps the hearing has grown weary, yet the things left out are still more.

And there was indeed need in the teachings concerning the Holy Spirit of a third and yet more lectures.

But pardon is due us on both counts.

For the holy feast of Pascha being now at hand, the discourse was prolonged for us today, and there was no room to bring forward into the midst all the testimonies that should have been adduced from the New Testament.

For there still remain to us many things from the Acts of the Apostles, in which the grace of the Holy Spirit wrought in Peter and in all the apostles together; and many things remain also from the Catholic Epistles and from the fourteen Epistles of Paul;

of which we shall now attempt to cull a few, as it were from a great meadow, for the sake of reminder only.

For in the power of the Holy Spirit, by the will of the Father and the Son, Peter, standing with the eleven and lifting up his voice (according to what is said:

'lift up your voice with strength, you who bring good tidings to Jerusalem'), caught with the spiritual net of his words about three thousand souls, so great being the grace that wrought in all the apostles together, that of those Jews who had crucified Christ so many believed and were baptized in the name of Christ and continued steadfastly in the teaching of the apostles and in the prayers.

And again in the same power of the Holy Spirit, Peter and John, going up to the temple at the ninth hour of prayer, and having healed in the name of Jesus the man lame from his mother's womb for forty years at the Beautiful Gate (that the saying might be fulfilled:

'then the lame shall leap as a hart'), caught with the spiritual seine of teaching five thousand who believed together, and convicted the straying rulers of the people and the chief priests—and not by their own

wisdom (for they were unlettered and ordinary men), but through the working of the Spirit.

Then Peter, filled with the Holy Spirit, said to them.

And so great was the grace of the Holy Spirit that wrought through the twelve apostles in those who believed, that their heart and soul were one, and the enjoyment of possessions was held in common—the owners reverently bringing the prices of their possessions, and no one being in want among them; while Ananias and Sapphira, who attempted to lie to the Holy Spirit, suffered the fitting penalty.

And through the hands of the apostles many signs and wonders were done among the people.

And so great was the spiritual grace poured around the apostles, that they were fearsome even while they were gentle (for of the rest no one dared to join himself to them, but the people magnified them); and multitudes of those believing on the Lord, both men and women, were added; and the streets were filled with the sick on beds and pallets, that when Peter came his shadow at least might overshadow some of them; and the multitude of the surrounding cities gathered together to this holy Jerusalem, bringing the sick and those troubled by unclean spirits, who were all healed.

In this power of the Holy Spirit, the twelve apostles again, having been cast into prison by the chief priests because they preached Christ, and having been delivered from it marvelously by an angel during the night, and having been brought from the temple before them to the tribunal, used reproofs unabashedly in the things they spoke to them concerning Christ.

And adding this also, that God gave the Holy Spirit to those who obey him; and having been beaten, they went their way rejoicing, and ceased not teaching and preaching the good news of Christ Jesus.

And not only in the twelve apostles did the grace of the Holy Spirit work, but indeed also in the first-born children of this once-barren Church, I mean the seven deacons;

for these also were chosen, as it is written, full of the Holy Spirit and of wisdom.

Of whom Stephen, true to his name, the first-fruit of the martyrs, a man full of faith and of the Holy Spirit, did great wonders and signs among the people, and contended against the disputers;

for they could not withstand the wisdom and the Spirit by which he spoke.

And being slandered and brought to the tribunal, he shone with angelic rays (for all who sat in the council, fixing their eyes on him, saw his face as the face of an angel); and through his intelligent defense, having convicted the stiff-necked Jews, uncircumcised in heart and ears, who always resist the Holy Spirit, he beheld the heavens opened, and saw the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God.

And he saw it not by his own power, but as the divine Scripture says:

'but being full of the Holy Spirit, gazing into heaven, he saw the glory of God and Jesus standing at the right hand of God.'

In this power of the Holy Spirit, Philip too, in the name of Christ, at one time in the city of Samaria drove out the unclean spirits crying with a loud voice, and healed the paralyzed and the lame, and brought many multitudes of those who believed to Christ.

To whom Peter and John, having come down with prayer and the laying on of hands, imparted the fellowship of the Holy Spirit—of which Simon the magician alone was justly shown to be a stranger.

And at another time, being called by the angel of the Lord on the road on account of the most devout Ethiopian, the eunuch, having clearly heard from the Spirit himself:

'go up and join yourself to this chariot,' and having taught the Ethiopian and baptized him and sent him as a herald of Christ into Ethiopia, according to what is written:

'Ethiopia shall stretch out her hand to the Lord'—and having been caught up by the angel, he preached the good news to the cities that lay ahead.

With this Holy Spirit Paul too was filled, after the encounter with our Lord Jesus.

And let Ananias the devout, who was in Damascus, come as a witness to us of the words, saying to him:

'the Lord has sent me, Jesus who appeared to you on the road by which you came, that you may receive your sight and be filled with the Holy Spirit.'

Which Spirit, working at once, changed the blindness of Paul's eyes into sight, and bestowing the seal on his soul, made him a chosen vessel, to bear the name of the Lord who appeared to him before kings and the sons of Israel; and made the former persecutor a herald and a good servant, who from Jerusalem and as far as Illyricum fulfilled the gospel, and catechized even royal Rome, and extended the eagerness of his preaching even to Spain, and endured countless contests, and wrought signs and wonders—concerning whom for the present this is enough.

In the power of the same Holy Spirit, Peter too, the leader of the apostles and keyholder of the kingdom of heaven, in Lydda—now Diospolis—healed in the name of Christ the paralytic Aeneas, and in Joppa raised from the dead the benevolent Tabitha.

And on the housetop, in a trance, seeing heaven opened, and learning plainly through the vessel let down like a sheet, full of manifold and varied animals, that he should call no man common or unclean, even if he should chance to be of the Greeks, and being sent for by Cornelius, he heard plainly from the Holy Spirit:

'but arise, go down and go with them, doubting nothing, for I have sent them.'

And that this might be shown plainly, that those of the nations who believe also become partakers of the grace of the Holy Spirit, when Peter had come to Caesarea and was teaching the things concerning Christ, the Scripture says concerning Cornelius and those present with him:

'while Peter was still speaking these words, the Holy Spirit fell upon all those who heard the word,' so that those of the circumcision who had come with Peter, marveling and astonished, said that even upon the nations the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out.

And in Antioch of Syria too, a most notable city, while the preaching concerning Christ was at work, Barnabas was sent thence as a fellow-worker of the good things, as far as Antioch, a good man and full of the Holy Spirit and of faith, who, seeing the great harvest of those believing on Christ, brought from Tarsus as a fellow-laborer Paul to Antioch.

And when multitudes had been taught by them and gathered in the Church, it came to pass that the disciples were first called Christians in Antioch—the Holy Spirit, I think, conferring on those who believe the new name foretold by the Lord.

And when a greater measure of spiritual grace was being poured out by God in Antioch, there were prophets and teachers there, among whom was also Agabus.

And as they ministered to the Lord and fasted, the Holy Spirit said:

'set apart for me now Barnabas and Paul for the work to which I have called them.'

And when hands had been laid on them, they were sent out by the Holy Spirit.

It is clear that the Spirit who speaks and sends is living, subsistent, and active, as we have said.

This Holy Spirit, who by the concord of the Father and the Son established the New Covenant in the Catholic Church, set us free from the unbearable burdens of the Law—I mean those concerning the common and the clean, and foods, sabbaths and new moons, circumcision, sprinklings and sacrifices—which, given for a season, had a shadow of the good things to come, but rightly fell away when the truth had come.

For when there arose at Antioch the inquiry of those who said it was necessary to be circumcised and to keep the customs of Moses, Paul and Barnabas were sent; and the apostles who were here in Jerusalem, by a written letter, freed the whole world from all the legal and figurative observances.

Yet they did not arrogate to themselves the authority over such a matter, but acknowledged it in writing as they sent the letter, saying:

“For it seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us to lay upon you no greater burden than these necessary things: that you abstain from things offered to idols, and from blood, and from what is strangled, and from fornication.”

By these words they wrote, plainly declaring this: that although what was written was through human apostles, yet the decree is ecumenical, coming from the Holy Spirit—which Barnabas and Paul and their company received and made firm throughout the whole world.

Having come to this point in the discourse, I ask pardon of your love, or rather of the Spirit who dwells in Paul, if I am unable to go through everything, both because of my own weakness and because of the weariness of you who listen.

For when shall I worthily recount his wondrous deeds wrought by the working of the Holy Spirit in the name of Christ: those in Cyprus upon Elymas the magician, and those in Lystra in the healing of the lame man; those in Cilicia and Phrygia and Galatia and Mysia and Macedonia, or the things at Philippi (I mean the preaching, and the driving out of the spirit of divination in the name of Christ, and the salvation of the whole household of the jailer by baptism in the night after the earthquake), or the things at Thessalonica, and the public address in the midst of the Athenians on the Areopagus, or the teachings at Corinth and in all Achaia? And how shall I worthily recount the workings wrought through Paul by the Holy Spirit at Ephesus? Those there who formerly were ignorant came to knowledge through Paul’s teaching, and when Paul laid his hands upon them and the Holy Spirit came upon them, they spoke with tongues and prophesied.

So great was the spiritual grace upon him that not only did he heal by touch, but even the handkerchiefs and aprons that were brought from his skin cured diseases and drove out evil spirits; and already too those who had practised curious arts brought their books together and burned them before all.

I pass over also the things at Troas, and Eutychus, who was overcome by sleep and fell down from the third story and was taken up dead, but was saved by Paul.

I pass over too the prophecies to the elders of Ephesus who were called to Miletus, to whom he plainly said that “the Holy Spirit testifies to me in every city, saying”, and so forth.

For by saying “in every city” Paul made it clear that the wonders done by him in each city were from the working of the Holy Spirit, by the Spirit of God and in the name of Christ who spoke in him.

By the power of this Holy Spirit the same Paul hastened to this holy city Jerusalem, even though Agabus prophesied by the Spirit the things that would befall him; and he discoursed boldly, telling the things concerning Christ.

And being brought up to Caesarea, and in the midst of the tribunals of the judgment-seats—at one time before Felix, at another before Festus the governor and King Agrippa—Paul had from the Holy Spirit so victorious a grace in wisdom that King Agrippa of the Jews himself said:

“You almost persuade me to become a Christian.”

This Holy Spirit granted to Paul, when he was bitten by the viper on the island of Melita, to remain unharmed, and to accomplish various healings upon the sick.

This Holy Spirit guided him, the former persecutor, as a herald of Christ even to imperial Rome, where he persuaded many of the Jews there to believe in Christ, and to those who contradicted he said plainly:

“Well did the Holy Spirit speak through Isaiah the prophet to your fathers,” and so forth.

And that Paul was full of the Holy Spirit, and all the apostles like him, and those after them who believe in the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit [consubstantial], hear him writing plainly in his epistles:

“And my speech and my preaching were not in persuasive words of human wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power.”

“Now he who has sealed us for this very thing is God, who has given us the earnest of the Spirit.”

“He who raised up Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies…

…through his Spirit who dwells in you.”

And again, writing to Timothy:

“Guard the good deposit through the Holy Spirit who dwells in us.”

And that the Holy Spirit subsists and lives and speaks and foretells has often been said by us before; and Paul writes plainly to Timothy:

“Now the Spirit expressly says that in latter times some will depart from the faith.”

These things we see not only among those before us, but also in the schisms of our own day, since the error of the heretics is varied and manifold.

“which in other generations was not made known to the sons of men, as it has now been revealed to his holy apostles and prophets by the Spirit,” and so forth.

Therefore, as the Holy Spirit says…

And the Holy Spirit also bears witness to us…

And again he addresses the soldiers of righteousness, saying:

“And receive the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God, through all prayer and supplication.”

“Do not be drunk with wine, in which is dissipation, but be filled with the Spirit, speaking to one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs.”

“The grace of the Lord Jesus, and the love of God, and the communion of the Holy Spirit be with you all.”

Through all these things, and the many more that have been left out, there is established for those who understand the subsistent, sanctifying, and effectual power of the Holy Spirit.

For time would fail me in recounting, were I willing to speak of all that remains concerning the Holy Spirit from Paul’s fourteen epistles, in which he taught variously, completely, and reverently.

It would be the work of the power of the Holy Spirit himself, both to grant us pardon for that in which we have fallen short, because the few days allowed us, and to implant a more perfect knowledge of what is lacking in you the hearers—the diligent among you learning these things from the more frequent reading of the divine Scriptures, and already from these present catecheses and from what has been said by us before holding a more firm faith in one God the Father almighty, and in our Lord Jesus Christ his only-begotten Son, and in the Holy Spirit the Comforter.

The word and very name “Spirit” is set down in the divine Scriptures in common (for it is said of the Father, “God is Spirit,” as is written in the Gospel according to John; and of the Son, “The breath of our face, Christ the Lord,” as Jeremiah the prophet says; and of the Holy Spirit, “the Comforter, the Holy Spirit,” as has been said); but since the order in the faith is to be piously understood and drives away the error of Sabellius, let us return in the discourse to what is now pressing and profitable for you.

Take heed lest you ever come to the baptizers in pretence, like Simon, while your heart does not seek the truth.

Ours it is to testify, but yours to make sure.

If you stand in faith, you are blessed.

If you have fallen in unbelief, cast away the unbelief from this day, and be fully assured.

For at the time of baptism, when you come before the bishops or presbyters or deacons (for the grace is everywhere, both in villages and in cities, both among the unlearned and the learned, both among slaves and free—since the grace is not from men, but the gift is from God through men), you indeed come to the one baptizing; but come not regarding the face of him who appears, but remember this Holy Spirit, concerning whom is now our discourse.

For this Spirit is ready and at hand to seal your soul, and gives a seal at which demons tremble—a heavenly and divine seal—as it is also written:

“in whom also, having believed, you were sealed with the Holy Spirit of promise.”

But he tests the soul; he does not cast pearls before swine.

If you play the hypocrite, men now baptize you, but the Spirit will not baptize you.

But if you come in faith, men indeed minister in the outward thing, but the Holy Spirit…

You come to a great examination, to a great enlistment, in that one hour; which if you lose, the harm is past remedy.

But if you are counted worthy of the grace, your soul is enlightened; you receive a power which you did not have.

You receive weapons terrible to the demons.

And if you do not cast away the weapons, but keep the seal upon your soul, no demon approaches you;

and indeed by the Spirit of God the demons are cast out.

If you believe, you not only receive forgiveness of sins, but also do things above man.

And may you be worthy also of the prophetic gift.

For you receive as much of the grace as you can hold, and not as much as I tell.

For it is possible that I should say little, but you should receive greater things, since faith is a broad enterprise.

The guardian, the Comforter, abides with you continually.

He cares for you as for his own soldier—concerning your goings in and your goings out, and concerning those who plot against you—and gives you all manner of gifts of grace, if you do not grieve him by sin.

“And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.”

What then is it, beloved, to keep the grace? Be ready to receive the grace; and having received it, do not cast it away.