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希波的奧古斯丁
書信與論戰集（CSEL） 第 7 章
拉丁文原文．10 節．此語言尚無詞彙資料
7:1
II. COMMONITOBIUM SANCTI AUGUSTINI Quomodo sit agendum cum Manichaeis, qui confitentur prauitatem huius nefandi erroris. Cum anathemauerint eandem haeresim per hanc formam infra scriptam libellumque dederit unusquisque eorum confessionis et paenitentiae suae atque, anathematis eis petens in ecclesia uel catechumeni uel paenitentis locum, si libellus eius episcopo placuerit eumque acceptauerit, det ei epistulam cum die et consule, ut nullam de superiore tempore molestiam uel de publicis legibus uel de disciplina ecclesiastica patiatur. et post ipsum diem si aliquibus indiciis Manichaeus adparuerit, sentiat iustitiae seueritatem, quae talibus adhibenda est:
二、聖奧古斯丁的備忘錄，論當如何對待那些承認此可憎謬誤之敗壞的摩尼教徒。當他們藉下文所載的格式咒詛同一異端，且各人皆呈上其認罪與悔改的文書，藉咒詛他們而在教會中尋求領洗慕道者或悔罪者的地位時——若其文書為主教所嘉許，主教也已接納了他，就讓主教給他一封註明日期與執政官名號的書信，使他不致因先前的時日而遭受任何騷擾，無論是來自國家的律法，或是來自教會的紀律。而在那一日之後，若他憑任何跡象顯出仍是摩尼教徒，就讓他嘗到公義的嚴厲，此嚴厲乃當施於這等人的：
II. A MEMORANDUM OF SAINT AUGUSTINE, on how one is to deal with the Manichaeans who confess the depravity of this abominable error. When they have anathematized that same heresy by the form written below, and each of them has presented a document of his confession and repentance, seeking, by anathematizing them, a place in the Church either as a catechumen or as a penitent — if his document is approved by the bishop and the bishop has accepted him, let the bishop give him a letter bearing the day and the consul, so that he may suffer no molestation on account of the earlier time, whether from the public laws or from ecclesiastical discipline. And after that very day, if by any tokens he shall appear to be a Manichaean, let him feel the severity of justice, which is to be applied to such men:
7:2
id est, ut ab eius consortio uel amicitia uel quacumque societate christiani se abstineant secundum apostolicam disciplinam. commendentur autem religiosis catholicis uicinis uel cohabitatoribus suis, siue clericis siue laicis, per quorum erga se curam frequentent audientiam sermonis dei et quorum testimonio possint innotescere; nec facile admittantur ad baptismum, si catechumeni sint, nec ad reconciliationem, si paenitentiae locum acceperint, nisi periculo mortis urguente, uel si eos aliquanto tempore probatos esse cognouerit episcopus per eorum testimonium, quibus fuerint commendati. Forma ergo, secundum quam debent hanc haeresim qui corriguntur anathemare, haec est.
就是說，基督徒當按照使徒的紀律，戒絕與他的交往、友誼，以及任何往來。但當把這等人託付給作他們鄰舍或同住者的虔誠大公信徒，無論是聖職人員或平信徒，藉著這些人對他們的照顧，他們可常去聽神的道，並可藉這些人的見證而為人所認識；也不可輕易准他們受洗（若他們是慕道者），或准他們復和（若他們已領受悔罪者的地位），除非死亡的危險緊逼，或主教藉那些託付人的見證，得知他們已經受過一段時日的考驗。因此，那些正在受矯正的人當據以咒詛此異端的格式如下。
that is, that Christians should abstain from his fellowship, his friendship, and every association with him, according to the apostolic discipline. But let such men be commended to religious Catholics who are their neighbours or fellow-dwellers, whether clergy or laity, through whose care toward them they may frequent the hearing of the word of God and by whose testimony they may become known; nor let them be readily admitted to baptism, if they are catechumens, nor to reconciliation, if they have received the place of penance, unless the peril of death presses hard, or if the bishop shall have learned, through the testimony of those to whom they were commended, that they have for some time been proved. The form, therefore, according to which those who are being corrected ought to anathematize this heresy is this.
7:3
Qui credit esse duas naturae diuersis principiis existentes, unam bonam. quod est deus, alteram malam, quam non creauit deus, (habentem principes suos et mala sua, quae non creauit deus), anathema sit. Qui credit duas naturas bellum inter se gessisse et partem naturae dei in eodem bello principibus tenebrarum et omnibus generibus ad malam naturam pertinentibus fuisse permixtam ab eis teneri conligatam, obpressam, inquinatam, per quod et credi facit dei naturam esse mutabilem et coinquinabilem, anathema sit.
凡相信有兩種本性，出於不同的本原而存在，一善，就是神，一惡，非神所造（有其自己的首領與自己的諸惡，皆非神所造）者，該受咒詛。凡相信那兩種本性彼此交戰，且神本性的一部分在那場戰爭中與黑暗的首領們並一切屬於惡本性之類的事物相混，被他們所束縛、壓制、玷污——藉此也使人相信神的本性是可變的、可被玷污的——者，該受咒詛。
Whoever believes that there are two natures existing from diverse principles, one good, which is God, the other evil, which God did not create (having its own princes and its own evils, which God did not create) — let him be anathema. Whoever believes that the two natures waged war between themselves, and that a part of the nature of God was in that same war mingled with the princes of darkness and with all the kinds of things belonging to the evil nature, and was by them held bound, oppressed, and defiled — whereby he causes it also to be believed that the nature of God is changeable and defilable — let him be anathema.
7:4
Qui credit partem dei ligatam et inquinatam teneri in daemonibus et in omnibus animalibus fruticumque generibus et per escas Manichaeorum electorum solui atque purgari, ut credatur pars dei polluta teneri in cucumeribus et melonibus et radicibus et porris et quibuscumque uilissimis herbulis, et ei subueniri, cum ab electis Manichaeorum ista comeduntur, anathema sit.
凡相信神的一部分被束縛、被玷污地拘留在群魔以及一切動物與各類草木之中，並藉摩尼教「選民」的食物而得釋放、得潔淨——以致相信神被玷污的一部分被拘留在黃瓜、甜瓜、根莖、韭蔥以及任何最卑賤的小草裡，且當這些被摩尼教的選民吃下時，神的那一部分就得了救援——者，該受咒詛。
Whoever believes that a part of God is held bound and defiled in demons and in all animals and kinds of plants, and is loosed and purged through the food of the Manichaean 'elect' — so that it is believed that a polluted part of God is held in cucumbers and melons and roots and leeks and in whatever most worthless little herbs, and that it is succoured when these are eaten by the elect of the Manichaeans — let him be anathema.
7:5
Qui credit hominem primum, qui est appellatus Adam, non a deo factum, sed a principibus tenebrarum genitum, at pars dei, quae in eorum membris captiua tenebatur, copiosius et abundantius in terra teneatur, et isto modo creatum, cum masculi et feminae principes tenebrarum concubuissent et fetus suos maiori principi tenebrarum dedissent t, et ille omnes comedisset et cum sua coniuge concubuisset atque ita ex illa Adam generasset, ligans in illo magnam partem dei, quae ligata fuerat in omnibus fetibus principum tenebrarum. quos ei manducandos dederunt, anathema sit.
凡相信那名叫亞當的頭一個人並非由神所造，乃是由黑暗的首領們所生，為要使那被囚在他們肢體中的神的一部分能更豐盛、更充裕地被拘留在地上；並相信他是這樣被造的：當黑暗中雄性與雌性的首領們同房、將其後裔交給黑暗中更大的首領，那首領便將牠們盡都吞吃，又與自己的配偶同房，如此從她生出亞當，將神的一大部分束縛在他裡面——那部分原是被束縛在黑暗首領們一切後裔（就是他們給那首領吃的）之中的——者，該受咒詛。
Whoever believes that the first man, who is called Adam, was not made by God, but was begotten by the princes of darkness, in order that the part of God which was held captive in their members might be held on earth more copiously and abundantly, and that he was created in this manner: when the male and female princes of darkness had lain together and had given their offspring to the greater prince of darkness, and he had devoured them all and lain with his consort, and had thus begotten Adam from her, binding in him a great part of God which had been bound in all the offspring of the princes of darkness whom they gave him to eat — let him be anathema.
7:6
Qui credit principes tenebrarum ligatos esse in caelo habentes in se conligatam in angustiis atque angoribus uitalem substantiam, hoc est partem dei, et eo modo liberari de membris eorum, cum beatus pater qui lucidas naues habet diuersoria et habitacula, id est solem et lunam, uirtutes suas transfigurat in feminas pulchras, quas obponat concupiscendas masculis principibus tenebrarum, et in masculos pulchros. quos obponit concupiscendos feminis princ\'pibus tenebrarum, ut per ipsam concupiscentiam soluatur ex eis uitalis substantia id est pars dei. et ex eorum membris liberata purgetur, anathema sit.
凡相信黑暗的首領們被束縛在天上，在困厄與痛苦中把生命的實質（就是神的一部分）束縛在自己裡面；並相信它是這樣從他們的肢體中得釋放的：當那有光明之舟作寓所與居處——就是日與月——的有福之父，將自己的諸能力變化為美麗的女子，擺在黑暗中雄性的首領面前供其貪戀，又變化為俊美的男子，擺在黑暗中雌性的首領面前供其貪戀，好叫藉著那貪戀，生命的實質（就是神的一部分）能從他們裡面鬆解出來，脫離他們的肢體而得潔淨——者，該受咒詛。
Whoever believes that the princes of darkness are bound in heaven, having bound within themselves, in straits and anguish, the vital substance, that is, a part of God; and that it is freed from their members in this way: when the blessed Father, who has luminous ships as lodgings and dwellings — that is, the sun and the moon — transfigures his powers into beautiful females, which he sets before the male princes of darkness to be lusted after, and into beautiful males, which he sets before the female princes of darkness to be lusted after, so that through that very lust the vital substance, that is, the part of God, may be loosed out of them, and, freed from their members, may be purged — let him be anathema.
7:7
Qui credit partem dei, quae de commixtione gentis tunebrarum non potuerit liberari atque purgari. damnari et in aeternum adfigi horribili globo, in quo globo includitur gens tenebrarum, anathema sit Qui credit legem, quae data est per Moysen, non esse ab uno et uero deo datam dec spiritu boni dei et ueri locutos prophetas, qui fuerunt in populo Israhel et in canone diuinarum scripturarum habentur apud catholicam ecclesiam. anathema sit. Qui credit non habuisse ueram carnem filium dei, dominum nostrum Iesum Christum, neque natum esse de Maria uirgine neque ueram mortem fuisse perpessum et a mortuis resurrexisse, sed tantummodo spiritum fuisse sine carne, sic autem adparere uoluisse.
凡相信神的那一部分——就是那無法從與黑暗族類相混中得釋放、得潔淨的部分——被定罪，並永遠被釘附在一個可怕的球體上，那族黑暗被囚禁在此球體之內——者，該受咒詛。凡相信藉摩西所頒的律法並非由那獨一真神所賜，且那些在以色列民中、並在大公教會所持的神聖經典正典中所載的先知並非藉良善真神的靈說話者，該受咒詛。凡相信神的兒子、我們的主耶穌基督沒有真實的肉身，不是由童貞女馬利亞所生，未曾真正受死並從死裡復活，乃不過是一個沒有肉身的靈，只是願意這樣顯現，
Whoever believes that the part of God which could not be freed and purged from its commixture with the race of darkness is condemned and forever fastened to a horrible globe, in which globe the race of darkness is enclosed — let him be anathema. Whoever believes that the law which was given through Moses was not given by the one and true God; and that the prophets who were among the people of Israel and are held in the canon of the divine Scriptures with the Catholic Church did not speak by the Spirit of the good and true God — let him be anathema. Whoever believes that the Son of God, our Lord Jesus Christ, did not have true flesh, and was not born of the Virgin Mary, and did not suffer a true death and rise from the dead, but was only a spirit without flesh, and merely willed to appear thus,
7:8
ut et caro putaretur, quae non erat, atque hoc modo contradicit euangelio, ubi legitur domino ipso dicente: uidete manus meas et pedes meos : palpate et uidete, quia spiritus ossa et carnem non habet, sicut me uidetis habere: qui ergo sic confitetur deum ut uerum et integrum etiam hominem neget, anathema sit. Qui credit Manen siue Manichaeum, qui supra scripta omnia, quae anathemate et damnatione sunt digna. praedicauit et docuit, spiritum sanctum habuisse paracletum, cum ea omnia docere non potuerit spiritus ueritatis. sed spiritus falsitatis, anathema sit.
以致那本不存在的肉身被人以為是真有的，如此便牴觸了福音；福音記載主親自說：「你們看我的手、我的腳；摸我看看，因為靈無骨無肉，你們看，我是有的。」故此，凡承認神卻否認祂也是真實而完整之人者，該受咒詛。凡相信那摩尼（或稱摩尼教主）——他傳講並教導以上所載一切當受咒詛與定罪之事——曾以聖靈為保惠師者，該受咒詛，因為真理的靈不能教導那一切，唯有虛謊的靈才如此。
so that flesh, which was not there, might be supposed to exist, and in this way contradicts the Gospel, where it is read that the Lord himself says: 'See my hands and my feet; handle me and see, for a spirit does not have bones and flesh, as you see me to have' — whoever, then, so confesses God as to deny that he was also a true and complete man, let him be anathema. Whoever believes that Mani, or Manichaeus, who preached and taught all the things written above which are worthy of anathema and condemnation, had the Holy Spirit as Paraclete — whereas the Spirit of truth could not teach all those things, but rather the spirit of falsehood — let him be anathema.
7:9
Et praecipue ipse Manes siue Manichaeus, qui omnes supra scriptas inpietates et alias sacrilegas fabulas docuit et conscripsit et credendas miseris persuasit, intendens spiritibus seductoribus et doctrinis daemoniorum mendaciloquorum, anathema sit. Item forma epistulae, quam dat episcopus conuersis, ista est. Quoniam te Manichaeorum auditorem to paenitet fuisse, sicut ipse confessus es, anathema dicens blasphemiis et inpiissimae atque inmundissimae haeresi eorum. ex qua te nonnisi fides catholica saluum fecit : habebis hanc epistulam aduersus eos, qui tibi temporis praeteriti errorem, quantum ad istam nefariam pertinet sectam, obiciendum putauerint, quae scripta est die illo et consule illo.
尤其願那摩尼本人（或稱摩尼教主）——他教導並書寫以上一切不敬虔之事以及其他褻瀆的荒謬故事，並勸誘可憐的人去相信，聽從那迷惑人的邪靈與說謊之鬼魔的道理——受咒詛。同樣，主教發給悔改歸正者的書信格式如下。既然你如你自己所承認的，為曾作摩尼教的「聽者」而悔改，向那褻瀆之言並向他們那極不敬虔、極不潔淨的異端說「咒詛」——你唯獨藉大公信德才得脫離此異端而蒙保守——你就當持有這封信，以抗拒那些可能認為適宜將你過去時日的謬誤（就與那邪惡宗派有關的部分而言）加在你身上的人；此信寫於某日、某執政官任內。
And especially let Mani himself, or Manichaeus, who taught and wrote all the impieties written above and other sacrilegious fables, and persuaded wretched men to believe them, giving heed to seducing spirits and to the doctrines of lying demons — let him be anathema. Likewise, the form of the letter which the bishop gives to those who are converted is this. Since you repent of having been a Hearer of the Manichaeans, as you yourself have confessed, saying anathema to the blasphemies and to their most impious and most unclean heresy — from which nothing but the Catholic faith has made you safe — you shall have this letter against those who may think fit to cast up to you the error of past time, in so far as it pertains to that wicked sect: which letter was written on such a day and under such a consul.
7:10
Electis uero eorum, qui se conuerti dicunt ad catholicam fidem, etiamsi et ipsi secundum superiorem formam eandem haeresim anathemauerint, non facile dandae sunt litterae, sed cum dei seruis esse debebunt, sine clericis siue laicis in monasterio uel xenodochio, donec adpareat penitus ipsa superstitione caruisse. et tunc uel baptizentur, si non fuerint baptizati, uel reconcilientur, si paenitentiae locum acceperint. nec acceptis cito litteris loca mutent et per eandem scriptam incautis in se quaerendi sunt, si quos nouerunt, ut et ipsi sanari possint et sic suscipiantur.
但對於他們的「選民」，就是自稱要歸向大公信德的人，即或他們也已按上述格式咒詛了同一異端，仍不可輕易發給書信；他們反倒當與神的僕人同住，無論是聖職人員或平信徒，住在修道院或客旅之所，直到顯出他們已徹底擺脫那迷信為止。然後就讓他們受洗（若未曾受洗），或得復和（若已領受悔罪者的地位）。他們既領了書信，也不可迅即遷移他處；並要藉這同一份文書，在防範他們的事上把那些不慎之人查出——若他們認得任何這樣的人——好叫這些人也得醫治，如此被接納。
But to their 'elect' who say that they are converting to the Catholic faith, even if they too have anathematized that same heresy according to the form above, letters are not to be readily given; rather they ought to be with the servants of God, whether clergy or laity, in a monastery or a hospice, until it appear that they have wholly rid themselves of that very superstition. And then let them either be baptized, if they have not been baptized, or reconciled, if they have received the place of penance. Nor, when the letters have been received, let them quickly change places; and by this same written record the incautious are to be sought out against them, if they know any such, so that these too may be healed and thus received.