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《教會史》卷五 第 20 章

希臘文原文.8 節.部分字詞可點開查義

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20:1
Ἐξ ἐναντίας δὲ τῶν ἐπὶ Ῥώμης τὸν ὑγιῆ τῆς ἐκκλησίας θεσμὸν παραχαραττόντων, Εἰρήναιος διαφόρους ἐπιστολὰς συντάττει, τὴν μὲν ἐπιγράψας πρὸς Βλάστον περὶ σχίσματος, τὴν δὲ πρὸς Φλωρῖνον περὶ μοναρχίας περὶ τοῦ μὴ εἶναι τὸν θεὸν ποιητὴν κακῶν. ταύτης γάρ τοι τῆς γνώμης οὗτος ἐδόκει προασπίζειν· δι ὃν αὖθις ὑποσυρόμενον τῇ κατὰ Οὐαλεντῖνον πλάνῃ καὶ τὸ περὶ ὀγδοάδος συντάττεται τῷ Εἰρηναίῳ σπούδασμα, ἐν καὶ ἐπισημαίνεται τὴν πρώτην τῶν ἀποστόλων κατειληφέναι ἑαυτὸν διαδοχήν.
為抵擋那些在羅馬敗壞教會純正規條的人,愛任紐撰寫了多封書信:一封題為《致布拉斯圖斯,論分裂》,另一封題為《致弗羅裏努斯,論獨一主權,或論神並非眾惡之源》(因為弗羅裏努斯似乎正在維護後一種見解)。也是為了他的緣故——因他又被引誘偏向了瓦倫提努的錯謬——愛任紐便撰寫了《論八元組》一文;他在文中也表明,他自己曾承接那從眾使徒而來的頭一代傳承。
Against those at Rome who were corrupting the sound ordinance of the church, Irenaeus composed various letters: one entitled 「To Blastus, concerning Schism,」 another 「To Florinus, concerning Monarchy, or that God is not the author of evils」 (for Florinus seemed to be championing this opinion). On whose account also—since he was again being drawn aside into the error of Valentinus—the treatise concerning the Ogdoad was composed by Irenaeus, in which he notes also that he himself had laid hold of the first succession from the apostles.
20:2
ἔνθα πρὸς τῷ τοῦ συγγράμματος τέλει χαριεστάτην αὐτοῦ σημείωσιν εὑρόντες ἀναγκαίως καὶ ταύτην τῇδε καταλέξομεν τῇ γραφῇ, τοῦτον ἔχουσαν τὸν τρόπον ὁρκίζω σε τὸν μεταγραψόμενον τὸ βιβλίον τοῦτο κατὰ τοὐ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ κατὰ τῆς ἐνδόξου παρουσίας αὐτοῦ, ἧς ἔρχεται κρῖναι ζῶντας καὶ νεκροὺς, ἵνα ἀντιβάλῃς μετεγράψω, καὶ κατορθώσῃς αὐτὸ πρὸς τὸ ἀντίγραφον τοῦτο, ὅθεν μετεγράψω, ἐπιμελῶς· καὶ τὸν ὅρκον τοῦτον ὁμοίως μεταγράψεις καὶ θήσεις ἐν τῷ ἀντιγράφῳ.
在那著作將近末了之處,我們發現了他一段極其雅緻的附語,便不得不在我們這篇文字中也將它記下;其文如下:「我囑咐你這要謄抄此書的人,憑著我們的主耶穌基督,並憑著祂榮耀的降臨——祂要在那時來審判活人死人——你要把所抄錄的細加核對,照著你所抄錄之底本仔細校正;你也要照樣把這囑咐謄抄下來,放在你的抄本中。」
There, near the end of the treatise, finding a most charming note of his, we must of necessity set it down also in this writing of ours; it runs in this manner: 「I adjure you who shall copy out this book, by our Lord Jesus Christ and by his glorious coming, in which he comes to judge the living and the dead, that you compare what you have copied and correct it carefully against this exemplar from which you copied; and that you likewise copy out this adjuration and place it in your copy.」
20:3
καὶ ταῦτα δὲ ὠφελίμως ὑπ᾿ ἐκείνου λελέχθω, πρὸς ἡμῶν τε ἱστορείσθω, ὡς ἂν ἔχοιμεν ἄριστον σπουδαιοτάτης ἐπιμελείας τοὺς ἀρχαίους ἐκείνους καὶ ὄντως ἱεροὺς ἄνδρας ὑπόδειγμα.
但願他這番話也是有益地說的,並且願它被我們記載下來,好叫我們以那些古時、真正聖潔的人,作為最殷勤盡心之關懷的絕佳榜樣。
And let this too have been profitably said by him, and let it be recorded by us, that we may have those ancient and truly holy men as an excellent example of the most diligent care.
20:4
ἐν γε μὴν προειρήκαμεν πρὸς τὸν Φλωρῖνον Εἰρηναῖος ἐπιστολῇ αὖθις τῆς ἅμα Πολυκάρπῳ συνουσίας αὐτοῦ μνημονεύει λέγων ταῦτα τὰ δόγματα, Φλωρῖνε, ἵνα πεφεισμένως εἴπω, οὐκ ἔστιν ὑγιοῦς γνώμης· ταῦτα τὰ δόγματα ἀσύμφωνά ἐστι τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ, εἰς τὴν μεγίστην ἀσέβειαν περιβάλλοντα τοὺς πειθομένους αὐτοῖς· ταῦτα τὰ δόγματα οὐδὲ οἱ ἔξω τῆς ἐκκλησίας αἱρετικοὶ ἐτόλμησαν ἀποφήνασθαί ποτε· ταῦτα τὰ δόγματα οἱ πρὸ ἡμῶν πρεσβύτεροι οἱ καὶ τοῖς ἀποστόλοις συμφοιτήσαντες οὐ παρέδωκάν σοι.
在我們前面提到那封致弗羅裏努斯的信中,愛任紐又追述他與坡旅甲交往的情形,如此說道:「弗羅裏努斯啊,這些教義——容我說得委婉些——並非出於健全的心思;這些教義與教會不相符,使凡被它們說服的人陷入最大的不敬虔之中;這些教義連教會之外的異端分子也從不敢宣稱;這些教義是我們之前那些曾與眾使徒同行的長老所未曾傳給你的。」
In the letter to Florinus which we mentioned before, Irenaeus again recalls his association with Polycarp, saying this: 「These doctrines, Florinus—that I may speak sparingly—are not of a sound mind; these doctrines are out of harmony with the church, casting those who are persuaded by them into the greatest impiety; these doctrines not even the heretics outside the church ever dared to declare; these doctrines the presbyters before us, who also walked with the apostles, did not deliver to you.」
20:5
εἶδον γάρ σε παῖς ἔτι ὢν ἐν τῇ κάτω Ἀσίᾳ παρὰ Πολυκάρπῳ, λαμπρῶς πράσσοντα ἐν τῇ βασιλικῇ αὐλῇ, καὶ πειρώμενον εὐδοκιμεῖν παρ᾿ αὐτῷ. μᾶλλον γὰρ τὰ τότε διαμνημονεύω τῶν ἔναγχος γινομένων.
「因為我還是孩童的時候,曾在下亞細亞看見你與坡旅甲在一處,那時你在帝王的朝廷中飛黃騰達,又設法博取他的賞識。因為那時候的事,我記得比近來所發生的事更為清楚。」
「For I saw you, when I was still a boy, in lower Asia in the company of Polycarp, faring brilliantly in the imperial court and trying to win his good opinion. For I remember the things of that time more clearly than those which have happened recently.」
20:6
αἱ γὰρ ἐκ παίδων μαθήσεις συναύξουσαι τῇ ψυχῇ ἑνοῦνται αὐτῇ, ὥστε με δύνασθαι εἰπεῖν καὶ τὸν τόπον ἐν καθεζόμενος διελέγετο μακάριος Πολύκαρπος, καὶ τὰς προόδους αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰς εἰσόδους, καὶ τὸν χαρακτῆρα τοῦ βίου, καὶ τὴν τοῦ σώματος ἰδέαν, καὶ τὰς διαλέξεις ἃς ἐποιεῖτο πρὸς τὸ πλῆθος, καὶ τὴν μετὰ Ἰωάννου συναναστροφὴν ὡς ἀπήγγελλε καὶ τὴν μετὰ λοιπῶν τῶν ἑωρακότων τὸν κύριον, καὶ ὡς ἀπεμνημόνευε τοὺς λόγους αὐτῶν, καὶ περὶ τοῦ κυρίου τίνα ἦν παρ ἐκείνων ἀκηκόει, καὶ περὶ τῶν δυνάμεων αὐτοῦ, καὶ περὶ τῆς διδασκαλίας, ὡς παρὰ τῶν αὐτοπτῶν τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ λόγου παρειληφὼς Πολύκαρπος ἀπήγγελλε πάντα σύμφωνα ταἴς γραφαῖς.
「因為自幼所學的事,隨著心靈一同長大,便與心靈合而為一;以致我甚至能說出那有福的坡旅甲昔日坐著講論的所在,他的出入往來,他生活的品格,他身體的相貌,他向眾人所作的講論,以及他怎樣述說他與約翰並其餘那些見過主之人的交往,他怎樣追憶他們的話語,並他從他們所聽見關乎主的事,關乎主神蹟與教訓的事——坡旅甲怎樣從那些親眼見過生命之道的人領受了這些,便將一切都與聖經相符地傳述出來。」
「For the things learned from childhood, growing up together with the soul, are united with it; so that I can tell even the place in which the blessed Polycarp used to sit and discourse, and his comings in and goings out, and the character of his life, and the form of his body, and the discourses which he made to the multitude, and how he reported his association with John and with the rest who had seen the Lord, and how he recalled their words, and what were the things he had heard from them concerning the Lord, and concerning his miracles and concerning his teaching—how Polycarp, having received them from the eyewitnesses of the life of the Word, reported all things in harmony with the Scriptures.」
20:7
ταῦτα καὶ τότε διὰ τὸ ἔλεος τοῦ θεοῦ τὸ ἐπ ἐμοὶ γεγονὸς σπουδαίως ἤκουον, μνηματιζόμενος αὐτὰ οὐκ ἐν χάρτῃ, ἀλλ ἐν τῇ ἐμῇ καρδίᾳ, καὶ ἀεὶ διὰ τὴν χάριν τοῦ θεοῦ γνησίως αὐτὰ ἀναμαρυκῶμαι· καὶ δύναμαι διαμαρτύρασθαι ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ θεοῦ, ὅτι εἴ τι τοιοῦτον ἀκηκόει ἐκεῖνος μακάριος καὶ ἀποστολικὸς πρεσβύτερος, ἀνακράξας ἂν καὶ ἐμφράξας τὰ ὦτα αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὸ σύνηθες αὐτῷ εἰπών καλὲ θεὲ, εἰς οἴους με καιροὺς τετήρηκας, ἔνα τούτων ἀνέχωμαι πεφεύγει καὶ τὸν τόπον ἐν καθεζόμενος ἑστὼς τῶν ούτων ἀκηκόει λόγων.
「這些事,當時藉著臨到我身上的神的憐憫,我便殷勤聆聽,不是記在紙上,乃是記在我的心裡;並且靠著神的恩典,我總是真切地反覆思想它們。我能在神面前作見證:那有福的、屬使徒的長老,若聽見任何這類的話,他必要呼喊出聲,掩住自己的耳朵,照他素常的話說:『慈愛的神啊,你竟把我存留到何等的時代,叫我須要忍受這些事』,並且必要從他坐著或站著聽見這等言語的那地方逃離。」
「These things even then, through the mercy of God which came upon me, I listened to diligently, recording them not on paper but in my heart; and always, by the grace of God, I genuinely ruminate upon them. And I am able to testify before God that, if that blessed and apostolic presbyter had heard any such thing, he would have cried out and stopped his ears, and, saying as was his custom, ‘O good God, for what times have you kept me, that I should endure these things,’ would have fled even from the place in which, sitting or standing, he had heard such words.」
20:8
καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἐπιστολῶν δὲ αὐτοῦ ὧν ἐπέστειλεν ἤτοι ταῖς γειτνιώσαις ἐκκλησίαις ἐπιστηρίζων αὐτὰς, τῶν ἀδελφῶν τισὶ νουθετῶν αὐτοὺς καὶ προτρεπόμενος, δύναται φανερωθῆναι. ταῦτα Εἰρήναιος.
這事從他所發的書信中也可顯明出來,那些信或是寄給鄰近的教會以堅固他們,或是寄給某些弟兄以勸誡並激勵他們。愛任紐所述的,就到此為止。
And this can be made plain also from his letters which he sent, either to the neighbouring churches, confirming them, or to certain of the brethren, admonishing and exhorting them. So much from Irenaeus.
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