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優西比烏
《教會史》卷三 第 7 章
希臘文原文．9 節．此語言尚無詞彙資料
7:1
Παραθεῖναι δ αὐτοῖς ἄξιον τὴν ἀψευδῆ τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν πρόρρησιν, δι ἧς αὐτὰ ταῦτα δηλοῖ ὧδέ πως προφητεύων οὐαὶ δὲ ταῖς ἐν γαστρὶ ἐχούσαις καὶ ταῖς θηλαζούσαις ἐν ἐκείναις ταῖς ἡμέραις· προσεύχεσθε δὲ, ἵνα μὴ γένηται ἡ φυγὴ ὑμῶν χειμῶνος, μηδὲ σαββάτῳ. ἔσται γὰρ τότε θλῖψις μεγάλη, οἵα οὐκ ἐγένετο ἀπ᾿ ἀρχῆς κόσμου ἕως τοῦ νῦν, οὐδὲ μὴ γένηται.
把我們救主那毫無差錯的預言擺在這些事旁邊，是值得的；祂在這預言中啟示出這些事，約略這樣豫言說：「當那些日子，懷孕的和奶孩子的有禍了。你們應當禱告，叫你們逃難的時候，不遇見冬天，也不遇見安息日；因為那時必有大災難，是從世界的起頭直到如今，從來沒有的，後來也必沒有。」
It is worth while to set beside these things the unerring prediction of our Saviour, in which he reveals these very things, prophesying somewhat in this manner: “But woe to those who are with child and to those who give suck in those days. And pray that your flight be not in winter, neither on a sabbath; for then shall be great tribulation, such as has not been from the beginning of the world until now, no, nor ever shall be.”
7:2
συναγαγὼν δὲ πάντα τὸν τῶν ἀνῃρημένων ἀριθμὸν ὁ συγγραφεὺς λιμῷ καὶ ξίφει μυριάδας ἑκατὸν καὶ δέκα διαφθαρῆναί φησι, τοὺς δὲ λοιποὺς στασιώδεις καὶ λῃστρικοὺς, ὑπ᾿ ἀλλήλων μετὰ τὴν ἅλωσιν ἐνδεικνυμένους, ἀνῃρῆσθαι, τῶν δὲ νέων τοὺς ὑψηλοτάτους καὶ κάλλει σώματος διαφέροντας τετηρῆσθαι θριάμβῳ, τοῦ δὲ λοιποῦ πλήθους τοὺς ὑπὲρ ἑπτακαίδεκα ἔτη δεσμίους εἰς τὰ κατ᾿ Αἴγυπτον ἔργα παραπεμφθῆναι, πλείους δὲ εἰς τὰς ἐπαρχίας διανενεμῆσθαι φθαρησομένους ἐν τοῖς θεάτροις σιδήρῳ καὶ θηρίοις, τοὺς δ᾿ ἐντὸς ἑπτακαίδεκα ἐτῶν αἰχμαλώτους ἀχθέντας διαπεπρᾶσθαι, τούτων δὲ μόνων τὸν ἀριθμὸν εἰς ἐννέα μυριάδας ἀνδρῶν συναχθῆναι.
這作者把被殺之人的總數合計起來，說有一百一十萬人死於飢荒和刀劍；其餘那些好生事端、慣於擄掠的人，在城陷之後彼此殘殺而死；少年人中身材最高、體格俊美出眾的，被留下來在凱旋禮中遊行；至於剩下的眾人，凡過十七歲的，都作囚犯被押送到埃及作苦工，更多的被分派到各省，在戲場中死於刀劍與野獸；那些不滿十七歲的，則被擄走變賣；單這一類人的數目，就達到九萬人。
Gathering together the whole number of those slain, the writer says that a hundred and ten myriads perished by famine and the sword; that the rest, being seditious and given to robbery, were killed by one another after the capture; that of the youths, the tallest and those distinguished for bodily beauty, were reserved for the triumph; that of the remaining multitude, those over seventeen years of age were sent as prisoners to the works in Egypt, while still more were distributed to the provinces to perish in the theatres by sword and wild beasts; and that those under seventeen were led away captive and sold; and that of these alone the number reached nine myriads of men.
7:3
ταῦτα δὲ τοῦτον ἐπράχθη τὸν τρόπον, δευτέρῳ τῆς Οὐεσπασιανοῦ βασιλείας ἔτει, ἀκολούθως ταῖς προγνωστικαῖς τοῦ κυρίου καὶ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ προρρήσεσιν, θείᾳ δυνάμει ὥσπερ ἤδη παρόντα προεωρακότος αὐτὰ, ἐπιδακρύσαντός τε καὶ ἀποκλαυσαμένου κατὰ τὴν τῶν ἱερῶν εὐαγγελιστῶν γραφὴν, οἳ καὶ αὐτὰς αὐτοῦ παρατέθεινται τὰς λέξεις, τοτὲ μὲν φήσαντος ὡς πρὸς αὐτὴν τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ
這些事是在維斯帕先在位第二年，按這樣的方式成就的，正應了我們的主和救主耶穌基督那些豫知的豫言；祂藉著神聖的能力，彷彿這些事已在眼前一般豫先看見了，並為這些事流淚哀哭，正如聖福音書作者所記的—他們把祂的原話記載下來。祂有時彷彿向著耶路撒冷本城說：
These things were done in this manner in the second year of the reign of Vespasian, in accordance with the prophetic predictions of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, who by divine power had foreseen them as though already present, and had wept and lamented over them, according to the writing of the holy evangelists, who have set down his very words — at one time saying, as though addressing Jerusalem itself:
7:4
εἰ ἔγνως. καί γε σὺ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτῃ τὰ πρὸς εἰρήνην σοι· νῦν δὲ ἐκρύβη ἀπὸ ὀφθαλμῶν σου· ὅτι ἥξουσιν ἡμέραι ἐπὶ σὲ, καὶ περιβαλοῦσί σοι οἱ ἐχθροί σου χάρακα, καὶ περικυκλώσουσί σε, καὶ συνέξουσί σε πάντοθεν, καὶ ἐδαφιοῦσί σε καὶ τὰ τέκνα σου·
「巴不得你在這日子，知道關係你平安的事；無奈這事如今在你眼前隱藏了。因為日子將到，你的仇敵必築起土壘攻擊你，四面環繞你，從各方困住你，又要拆毀你，並你裡頭的兒女。」
“If you had known, even you, in this your day, the things that belong to your peace! But now they are hidden from your eyes. For the days shall come upon you, when your enemies shall cast up a rampart about you, and shall encompass you, and keep you in on every side, and shall dash you to the ground, and your children within you.”
7:5
τοτὲ δὲ ὡς περὶ τοῦ λαοῦ ἔσται ἔσται γὰρ ἀνάγκη μεγάλη ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, καὶ ὀργὴ τῷ λαῷ τούτῳ. καὶ πεσοῦνται ἐν στόματι μαχαίρας καὶ αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς πάντα τὰ ἔθνη· καὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπὸ τῶν ἐθνῶν, ἄχρις οὗ πληρωθῶσι καιροὶ ἐθνῶν. καὶ πάλιν ὅταν δὲ ἴδητε κυκλουμένην ὑπὸ στρατοπέδων τὴν Ἰερουσαλὴμ, τότε γνῶτε ὅτι ἤγγικεν ἡ ἐρήμωσις αὐτῆς.
祂有時又彷彿論到那百姓說：「因為將有大艱難降在這地上，也有忿怒臨到這百姓；他們要倒在刀刃之下，又被擄到各國去；耶路撒冷要被外邦人踐踏，直到外邦人的日期滿了。」祂又說：「你們看見耶路撒冷被軍隊圍困，就可知道她成為荒場的日子近了。」
And at another time, as concerning the people: “For there shall be great distress upon the land, and wrath unto this people; and they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led away captive into all the nations; and Jerusalem shall be trodden down by the nations, until the times of the nations be fulfilled.” And again: “And when you see Jerusalem encompassed by armies, then know that her desolation is at hand.”
7:6
συγκρίνας δέ τις τὰς τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν λέξεις ταῖς λοιπαῖς τοῦ συγγραφέως ἱστορίαις ταῖς περὶ τοῦ παντὸς πολέμου πῶς οὐκ ἂν ἀποθαυμάσειεν θείαν ὡς ἀληθῶς καὶ ὑπερφυῶς παράδοξον τὴν πρόγνωσιν ὁμοῦ καὶ πρόρρησιν τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ὀμολογήσας;
凡將我們救主的話，與那作者論到整場戰爭其餘的記述相比較的人，怎能不希奇，並承認我們救主的豫知和豫言，實在是神聖的，是奇妙地超乎自然的呢？
And whoever should compare the words of our Saviour with the rest of the writer's accounts concerning the whole war, how could he fail to be astonished, and to confess that the foreknowledge and prediction of our Saviour were truly divine and marvellously beyond nature?
7:7
περὶ μὲν οὖν τῶν μετὰ τὸ σωτήριον πάθος καὶ τὰς φωνὰς ἐκείνας, ἐν αἷς ἡ τῶν Ἰουδαίων πληθὺς τὸν μὲν λῃστὴν καὶ φονέα τοῦ θανάτου παρῄτηται, τὸν δὲ ἀρχηγὸν τῆς ζωῆς ἐξ αὐτῶν ἱκέτευσεν ἀρθῆναι, τῷ παντὶ συμβεβηκότων ἔθνει, οὐδὲν ἂν δέοι ταῖς ἱστορίαις ἐπιλέγειν.
因此，論到那救恩之受難以後、並那些呼喊以後臨到全民族的事—在那些呼喊中，猶太羣眾求釋放那強盜和兇手免於死，卻懇求把那生命的元帥從他們中間除掉—就無須在這些歷史上再添甚麼了。
Concerning, then, the things that befell the whole nation after the saving passion and after those cries in which the multitude of the Jews begged off the robber and murderer from death, but entreated that the Author of life should be taken away from among them, there is no need to add anything to the histories.
7:8
ταῦτα δ ἂν εἴη δίκαιον ἔτι προσθεῖναι, ἃ γένοιτ ἂν παραστατικὰ φιλανθρωπίας τῆς παναγάθου προνοίας, τεσσαράκοντα ἐφ ὅλοις ἔτεσι μετὰ τὴν κατὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ τόλμαν τὸν κατ αὐτῶν ὄλεθρον ὑπερθεμένης, ἐν ὅσοις τῶν ἀποστόλων καὶ τῶν μαθητῶν πλείους, Ἰάκωβός τε αὐτὸς ὁ τῇδε πρῶτος ἐπίσκοπος, τοῦ κυρίου χρηματίζων ἀδελφὸς, ἔτι τῷ βίῳ περιόντες, καὶ ἐπ αὐτῆς τῆς Ἱεροσολύμων πόλεως τὰς διατριβὰς ποιούμενοι, ἕρκος ὥσπερ ἐχυρώτατον παρέμενον τῷ τόπῳ,
但仍當加上這些事，好顯明那全善之護理的慈愛—它在那干犯基督的膽大妄為之事以後，竟將向他們而來的毀滅延緩了整整四十年；在這期間，眾使徒和門徒中許多人，並那位被稱為主兄弟、當地第一任主教雅各本人，都還活在世上，並住在耶路撒冷城本處，像極其堅固的屏障一樣存留在那地方；
But it would be right to add still these things, which would set forth the loving-kindness of the all-good Providence, which for forty whole years after the daring deed against Christ deferred the destruction against them, during which time many of the apostles and disciples, and James himself, the first bishop there, who was called the brother of the Lord, were still alive in this life, and, making their abode in the very city of Jerusalem, remained there like a most secure bulwark to the place;
7:9
τῆς θείας ἐπισκοπῆς εἰσέτι τότε μακροθυμούσης, εἰ ἄρα ποτὲ δυνηθεῖεν ἐφ οἷς ἔδρασαν μετανοήσαντες συγγνώμης καὶ σωτηρίας τυχεῖν, καὶ πρὸς τῇ τοσαύτῃ μακροθυμίᾳ παραδόξους θεοσημίας τῶν μελλόντων αὐτοῖς μὴ μετανοήσασι συμβήσεσθαι παρασχομένης. ἃ καὶ αὐτὰ μνήμης ἠξιωμένα πρὸς τοῦ δεδηλωμένου συγγραφέως οὐδὲν οἷον τοῖς τῇδε προσιοῦσι τῇ γραφῇ παραθεῖναι.
那神聖的鑒察那時仍施忍耐，恐怕他們或者甚麼時候因自己所行的悔改了，得以蒙赦免和拯救；除了這樣大的忍耐之外，又賜下來自神的奇異徵兆，豫示那些若他們不悔改就將臨到他們的事。這些事既蒙前面所指明的那位作者認為值得提說，最好也擺在讀這書的人面前。
the divine watchfulness even then still showing forbearance, in case they might at any time, repenting of what they had done, be able to obtain pardon and salvation; and, in addition to such great forbearance, furnishing wondrous signs from God of the things that were about to befall them if they did not repent. These things also, deemed worthy of mention by the writer already indicated, it is best to set before those who come to this work.