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阿爾勒的凱撒里烏斯

生平·會規與作品 第 20 章

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20:1
Fratres charissimi, ad hoc in istum locum convcnimus, ut Domino nostro vacare possimus non his rebus quibus noster delectatur inimicus. Certum est enim quod quando ea quæ ad sæculum pertinent loquimur, aut iniquis murmurationibus nos mordemus, ille horas nostras [al. illic ora nostra] Deo subtrahi, et sibi gaudet acquiri. Quid prodest quod nos pretiosis vigiliis laboribusque conficimus, et ca quæ maxime Deus noster in nobis desiderat non habemus? Hoc est, cor mundum et liberum ab istis minutis negligentiis quas qui non observat, paulatim defluit [defluet], et ad majora prolabitur (Eccli. XIX). Illud ergo imprimis habere studeamus, quod in nobis Deus noster exspectat:
親愛的弟兄們,我們在此地聚集,正是為此:叫我們得以專心事奉我們的主,而不專務那些使我們仇敵喜悅的事。因為確實無疑:當我們談論屬世的事,或以惡毒的怨言彼此相咬時,他就歡喜我們的時光從神那裡被奪走,歸給了他。我們若以寶貴的守夜和勞苦使自己疲憊,卻沒有我們的神在我們裡面最切望的那件事,這有什麼益處呢?那件事就是:一顆潔淨的心,脫離那些微小的疏忽;凡不留意這些疏忽的人,就漸漸離失,墮入更大的過犯(德十九)。所以我們當首先竭力持守我們的神在我們裡面所期待的:
Dearly beloved brethren, for this we have gathered together in this place: that we may be free for our Lord, and not for those things in which our enemy delights. For it is certain that when we speak of the things pertaining to the world, or gnaw at one another with wicked murmurings, he rejoices that our hours are withdrawn from God and gained for himself. What does it profit that we wear ourselves out with precious vigils and labours, and yet have not that which our God most desires in us? This is: a heart clean and free from those trifling negligences which, whoever heeds them not, little by little slips away, and falls down into greater faults (Ecclus. XIX). Let us therefore study above all to have that which our God awaits in us:
20:2
id est, suavem benignumque sermonem. mentem ab omni maledicto, ab omni malitia liberam, et dcvitatis h s quibus Spiritus.auctus offenditur, humilitali et quicli operam dantem. Hæc sunt præcipua sacrificia, hæc pinguia holocausta, quæ in conspectu Domini in odorem suavitatis ascendunt. Hoc etiam maxime studeamus, ut illa quae in honorem Dei nostri agimus, cum hilari animo agamus, cum fidei gaudio et cum bonae ac devotæ voluntatis affectu. Quidquid vero inviti atque compulsi facimus, noveriinus nos ex eo non solum non habere profectum, sed maximum detrimentum.
就是:溫和良善的言語,一顆脫離一切咒詛、一切惡毒的心,並且——躲避那些使聖靈擔憂的事——竭力操練謙卑與安靜。這些乃是最上乘的祭物,這些乃是豐美的燔祭,在主面前作為馨香之氣上升。我們也當格外竭力,使我們為尊榮我們的神所行的事,都以歡欣的心去行,帶著信德的喜樂,帶著良善虔誠意志的情感。凡我們不情願、被強迫而作的,我們當知道,由此我們不但無益,反受最大的虧損。
that is, gentle and kindly speech, a mind free from every curse and every malice, and—shunning those things by which the Holy Spirit is grieved—devoting its effort to humility and quietness. These are the chief sacrifices, these the rich holocausts, which ascend before the Lord as an odour of sweetness. Let us also strive most of all that those things which we do in honour of our God, we do with a cheerful spirit, with the joy of faith and with the affection of a good and devout will. But whatever we do unwillingly and under compulsion, let us know that from it we not only have no profit, but the greatest loss.
20:3
Faciamus alicui potenti viro obsequium solvere, quod utique superiores personx a clientibus suis exspectare consueverunt, nonne si nos videret homo ille, debitum sibi officium invito atque extorto animo, et etiam cum quodam fastidio exhibere, nonne magis sibi factam in juriam judicarct, et exbonorari se potius quam excoli pronuntiaret, et hujusmodi negligenti atque indevoto offensam potius crederet referendam esse quam gratiam? Si ergo cultus nominis, devotionem, fidem, atque hilaritatem requirit, ubi interdum melior est ille qui colit quam qui colitur, ubi nullum fructum officiositas ipsa consequitur, sed hoc solum profectus est, si mereatur susceptus vocari:
假設我們向某位有權勢的人盡忠——這正是尊貴之人慣常向其門客所期望的——那人若看見我們以不情願、被強迫的心,甚至帶著某種厭煩來履行對他所欠的本分,豈不寧可斷定這是對他的侮辱,並宣稱自己是受了羞辱而非被尊崇嗎?他豈不認為,從這樣疏懶而不虔誠的人所該得的,是冒犯而非恩情嗎?既然對一個名分的敬奉尚且要求虔誠、忠信與歡欣——在那裡有時敬奉者反比受敬奉者更佳,在那裡這殷勤本身並無所得,唯一的收穫不過是被稱為蒙接納——
Suppose we render service to some powerful man—such as superiors are wont to expect from their clients—would not that man, if he saw us discharge the duty owed him with an unwilling and forced spirit, and even with a certain disdain, judge rather that an injury had been done him, and declare that he was being dishonoured rather than honoured? And would he not think that from one so negligent and undevout there was due to be rendered offence rather than favour? If then the worship of a name requires devotion, faith, and cheerfulness—where sometimes he who honours is better than he who is honoured, where the very officiousness gains no fruit, but this alone is the gain, if one deserve to be called received—
20:4
quanto magis nos in honore Dei nostri observare debemus, ne ad obsequia ejus in.. devoti atque compulsi, nec tristes atque ingrati invitique inveniamur, et non respecti ? At Deus ad muncera qar negligenti ac vili animo afferUntur non respicit. Non enim homini, sed illi potius fides nostra servituram se esse vel ipsam impendisse at imam, perum debet videre [ videri] cujus obsequiis atque beneficiis etiam ipsi angeli in paradiso confitentur: cui postremo cum totum debentur, nil tamen gratis solvitur.
那麼在尊崇我們的神時,我們豈不更當謹慎,免得被發現對祂的事奉不虔誠、勉強,並且憂愁、不感恩、不情願,以致被祂不顧念嗎?因為神不顧念那以疏懶卑劣之心所獻的禮物。因為我們的信心當看明:它所要事奉、甚至獻上自己性命的,不是向著一個人,而是向著那一位——連天上的眾天使在樂園中也承認祂的服事與恩惠——簡言之,向著祂雖萬物都當歸還,卻沒有一樣是白白(不配得地)獻上的。
how much more ought we, in the honour of our God, to take heed lest we be found undevout and compelled toward His service, and sad and ungrateful and unwilling, and so be disregarded? For God regards not the gifts that are brought with a negligent and mean spirit. For our faith ought to see that it will serve, and has laid out its very soul, not to a man, but rather to Him whose services and benefits even the angels themselves confess in paradise; to whom, in short, though everything is owed, yet nothing is rendered gratuitously (without His deserving it).
20:5
Pro hac ergo misera vita, laboribus et doloribus plena, in qua usus brevis cst, et ipsa brevitas semper incerta, contendimus iu obsequiis homini placere, et pro illa, ubi jam nibil laboraturi sumus, non contendimus modo Deo devotum servitium impendere, quam utique vitam etiamsi auctori suo offerre dissimulet devotio voluntatis, continuo a nobis est exactura lex mortis; et quod non datur ex voto, solvi ur ei debito. Pro ista itaque vita d abit illam vitam quæ nec oculis potest cerni, nec tacita mentis cogitatione perstringi [pertingi]: quam utique consequi est facilius quam enarrare:
為著這充滿勞苦與愁煩的可憐今生——其享用短暫,且這短暫本身又永遠無定——我們竟殷勤盡力去討一個人的喜歡;而為著那另一種生命,就是我們在其中不再勞苦的生命,我們如今卻不肯竭力向神獻上虔誠的事奉——這生命即使我們意志的虔誠不肯獻給那位創造它的主,死亡的定律也必立刻向我們索取;凡不憑甘願而獻的,都要作為欠債向祂償還。因此,為著這今生,祂要賜下那不能用眼睛看見、也不能用心中無聲的思念所測度的生命:這生命實在是得著它比描述它更容易——
For this wretched life, then, full of toils and sorrows, in which the use is brief and its very brevity always uncertain, we strive in services to please a man; and for that other life, where we shall labour no more, we do not strive now to render a devout service to God—a life which, even if the devotion of our will should refuse to offer it to its Author, the law of death will straightway exact from us; and what is not given by vow is paid to Him as a debt. In exchange for this present life, then, He will give that life which can neither be discerned by the eyes nor grasped by the silent thought of the mind: a life which indeed is easier to attain than to describe—
20:6
cujus erit cursus sine termino, usus sine fastidio, refectio sine cibo, adjutorium sine defectu, rcquies sine nocte, otiositas sine Metio a, indeficiens sub vultu Dei claritas, et sub antiquis perpetuisque gaudiis semper nova jucunditas, et sine ullo amittendi periculo felicitas. Hujus ergo vitæ dulcedinem relinquentes, jam nunc de futuris saeculis [de futuris illius sæculi] quotidie cogitando, etiam in hoc corpore prægustare conemur, et exclusa de sensibus nostris sx cularium desidlriorum amuritudine, quemdam beatitudinis illius dulcem saporem nostris cordibus attrahamus;
那生命的行程沒有終點,享用沒有厭倦,飽足不需食物,幫助永不缺乏,安息沒有黑夜,安閒不涉懶惰,在神的容光之下有永不衰退的光輝,在古舊而永存的喜樂之下有常新的歡愉,並有一種永無失去之危險的福樂。所以,讓我們撇下這今生的甘甜,就在如今,藉著天天思念將來的世代,甚至在這身體之內先嘗其滋味;把屬世私慾的苦澀從我們的官感中隔絕,將那福樂的一絲甘美滋味吸入我們心中;
whose course shall be without end, whose enjoyment without weariness, whose refreshment without food, whose help without failing, whose rest without night, whose leisure without idleness, an unfailing brightness beneath the countenance of God, and beneath ancient and everlasting joys an ever-new delight, and a felicity without any peril of losing. Leaving behind, therefore, the sweetness of this present life, let us strive even now, by daily meditating on the ages to come, to foretaste it even in this body; and having shut out from our senses the bitterness of worldly desires, let us draw into our hearts a certain sweet savour of that blessedness;
20:7
et discusso omni torpore omnique pigritia, cujus mater est infidelitas, illa jam hilaritate, illa alacritale Domino ac Deo nostro, illoque gaudio serviamius, quo gaudio ad muuera sua invitante veniamus, præstante Domino nostro Jesu Christo, qui cum Patre et Spiri u sancto vivit et regnat in sæcula sæculorum b. Amen.
並且抖落一切麻木、一切懶惰——這些的母親乃是不信——讓我們以那份歡欣、那份殷切、那份喜樂來事奉我們的主我們的神,好叫我們在祂邀請我們享受祂的恩賜時,帶著那喜樂前來。願我們的主耶穌基督成就這事,祂與父並聖靈同活著、同掌權,直到萬世萬代。阿們。
and having shaken off all torpor and all sloth—whose mother is unbelief—let us serve our Lord and God with that cheerfulness, that eagerness, and that joy, so that with that joy we may come when He invites us to His gifts. Our Lord Jesus Christ granting this, who with the Father and the Holy Spirit lives and reigns unto the ages of ages. Amen.
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