禧年書 第 4 章

53:7 Probably a reference to 1 Enoch lxxii.-lxxxii. ("The Book of the courses of the Heavenly Luminaries "). 53:8 There is nothing in 1 or 2 Enoch about "jubilees," etc. This statement is probably due solely to the author of _Jubilees_, who wished to invest the institution with a spurious antiquity. 54:1 The reference is probably to the "Dream-Visions" (1 Enoch lxxxiii.-xc.). 54:2 _i. e._ Enoch. The writings of Enoch are mentioned elsewhere (1 Enoch, _Test. XII. Patriarchs_). 54:3 _Edna_ in 1 Enoch lxxxv. 3. 54:4 Cf. Gen. V. 21. 54:5 1 Enoch xxiii.-xxxvi. 54:6 Cf. 1 Enoch lxx. 1-3. 54:7 Cf. 1 Enoch xii. 3 f., xiv. i. The title ("Scribe of the Knowledge of the Most High") is conferred upon Ezra in 4 Ezra xiv. 50 (Syriac text). 54:8 Cf. 2 Enoch xxxiv. 3. 55:1 Cf. x. 17. 55:2 Cf. Exod. xxx. 7. 55:3 Three of these places are connected with critical events in the history of the world; Eden (with Adam), Sinai (with Moses), Zion (with David). 55:4 The exact identification is uncertain; possibly the mount above Eden, where the Scthites live, is meant. Other suggestions are Mt. Ephraim, which would imply a Samaritan authorship, and Lubar, on Ararat, which would connect well with the history of Noah. 55:5 Cf. i. 29. 55:6 Cf. Gen. v. 25. 55:7 Cf. Gen. v. 29. 55:8 Cf. iii. 32. 55:9 This implies the view that Abel's body was not buried before Adam's. According to _Pirḳe de R. Eliezer_ (xxi.), Adam was at first uncertain what to do, but then buried Abel's corpse. 56:1 Cf. Gen. ii. 14. Notice that "day" here is interpreted as = 1000 years--a belief early current among Jews and Christians (cf. _Ber. rabba_ xix. on Gen. iii. 8), 2 Pet. iii. 8. Justin Martyr, _Trypho._ lxxxi; cf. also _Pirḳe de R. Eliezer_ xviii. 56:2 The _lex talionis_; cf. Exod. xxi. 24 ("eye for eye, tooth for tooth"); Lev. xxiv. 19. Similar examples are given in 2 Macc. v. 19 f., xv. 32 f. The rigorous application of this "law" was upheld by the Sadducees, as against the Pharisees. 56:3 Cf. Gen. V. 22. Note that Shem is represented as the eldest; cf. Gen. x. 21 (R.V.). Next: The Fall of the Angels and their Punishment; the Deluge foretold (v. 1-20)

And in the first (year) of the third jubilee, 78-84 A.M. Cain slew Abel because (God) accepted the sacrifice of Abel, and did not accept the offering of Cain.

And he slew him in the field: and his blood cried from the ground to heaven, complaining because he had slain him.

And the Lord reproved Cain because of Abel, because he had slain him, and he made him a fugitive on the earth because of the blood of his brother, and he cursed him upon the earth.

And on this account it is written on the heavenly tables, "Cursed is he who smiteth his neighbour treacherously, and let all who have seen and heard say, So be it; and the man who hath seen and not declared (it), let him be accursed as the other. "

And for this reason we announce when we come before the Lord our God all the sin which is committed in heaven and on earth, and in light and in darkness, and everywhere.

And Adam and his wife mourned for Abel four weeks of years, and in the fourth year of the fifth week they became joyful, and Adam knew 99-127 130 A.M. his wife again, and she bare him a son, and he 1 called his name Seth; for he said "God hath raised up a second seed unto us on the earth instead of Abel; for Cain slew him. "

And in the sixth week he 134-140 A.M. begat his daughter `Azúrâ.

And Cain took`Âwân his sister to be his wife and she bare him Enoch 2 at 190-196 A.M. the close of the fourth jubilee. And in the first year of the first week of the fifth jubilee, houses were built 197 A.M. on the earth, and Cain built a city, and called its name after the name of his son Enoch.

And Adam knew Eve his wife and she bare yet nine sons. 4 225-231 A.M.

And in the fifth week of the fifth jubilee Seth took 'Azürâ his sister to be his wife, and in the fourth 235 A.M. (year of the sixth week) she bare him Enos.

7 And in the seventh jubilee in the third week Enos took Nõåm his sister to be his wife, and she bare 325 A.M. him a son in the third year of the fifth week, and he called his name Kenan.

And at the close of the 386-392 A.M. eighth jubilee Kenan took Müalèlèlèh 8 his sister to be his wife, and she bare him a son in the ninth jubilee, 395 A.M. in the first week in the third year of this week, and 449-455 A.M. he called his name Mahalalel.

And in the second week of the tenth jubilee Mahalalel took unto him to wife Dinäh, the daughter of Baräki'ël the daughter of his father's brother, and she bare him a son in the third 461 A.M. week in the sixth year, and he called his name Jared; 9 for in his days the angels of the Lord descended on the earth, 1 those who are named the Watchers, 2 that they should instruct the children of men, 3 and that they should do judgment and uprightness on the earth.

And in the eleventh jubilee Jared took to himself a wife, and her name was Bärika, the daughter of Räsujäl, a daughter of his father's brother, in the fourth week of this jubilee, and she bare him a son in the fifth week, in the fourth year of the jubilee, and he called his name Enoch.

And he 5 was the first among men that are born on earth who learnt writing and knowledge and wisdom 6 and who wrote down the signs of heaven according to the order of their months in a book, 7 that men might know the seasons of the years according to the order of their separate months.

And he was the first to write a testimony, and he testified to the sons of men among the generations of the earth, and recounted the weeks of the jubilees, and made known to them the days of the years, 8 and set in order the months and recounted the Sabbaths of the years as we made (them) known to him.

And in the twelfth jubilee, in the seventh week thereof, he took to himself a wife, and her name was Ednī, the daughter of Dānēl. 587 AM. the daughter of his father's brother, and in the sixth year in this week she bare him a son and he called his name Methuselah.

And he was moreover with the angels of God these six jubilees of years, and they showed him everything which is on earth 5 and in the heavens, the rule of the sun, and he wrote down everything.

And he testified to the Watchers, who had sinned with the daughters of men; for these had begun to unite themselves, so as to be defiled, with the daughters of men, and Enoch testified against (them) all.

And he was taken from amongst the children of men, and we conducted him into the Garden of Eden in majesty and honour, and behold there he writhed down the condemnation and judgment of the world, and all the wickedness of the children of men.

And on account of it (God) brought the waters of the flood 8 upon all the land of Eden; for there he was set as a sign and that he should testify against all the children of men, that he should recount all the deeds of the generations until the day of condemnation.

For the Lord hath four places 3 on the earth, the Garden of Eden, and the Mount of the East, 4 and this mountain on which art this day, Mount Sinai, and Mount Zion (which) will be sanctified in the new creation for a sanctification of the earth; through it will the earth be sanctified from all (its) guilt and its uncleanness throughout the generations of the world.

And in the fourteenth jubilee Methuselah took unto himself a wife, Ednā the daughter of 'Ázriāl, the daughter of his father's brother, in the third week, in the first year of this week, and he begat a son and called his name Lamech.

And at the close of the nineteenth jubilee, in the seventh week in the sixth year thereof, Adam died, and all his sons buried him in the land of his creation, 8 and he was the first to be buried 9 in the earth.

And he lacked seventy years of one thousand years; for one thousand years are as one day in the testimony of the heavens and therefore was it written concerning the tree of knowledge: "On the day that ye eat thereof ye will die. " 1 For this reason he did not complete the years of this day; for he died during it.

At the close of this jubilee Cain was killed after him in the same year; for his house fell upon him and he died in the midst of his house, and he was killed by its stones, for with a stone he had killed Abel, and by a stone was he killed in righteous judgment.

For this reason it was ordained on the heavenly tables. "With the instrument with which a man killeth his neighbour with the same shall he be killed; after the manner that he wounded him, in like manner shall they deal with him. "

And in 1205 A.M. the twenty-fifth jubilee Noah took to himself a wife, and her name was 'Émzārā, the daughter of Rākē'ēl, the daughter of his father's brother, in the first year 1207 A.M. in the fifth week: and in the third year thereof she 1209 A.M. bare him Shem, in the fifth year thereof she bare him 1212 A.M. Ham, and in the first year in the sixth week she bare him Japheth. Footnotes 12. 15. 18. 1. 3. 21. 3. 17. 7. 29. 25. 29. 32. 14. Notice that "day " here is interpreted as = 1000 years--a belief early current among Jews and Christians (cf. Ber. rabba xix. on Gen. iii. 8), 2 Pet. iii. 8. Justin Martyr, Trypho. lxxxi; cf. also Pirḥ e de R. Eliezer xviii. 19. Similar examples are given in 2 Macc. v. 19 f., xv. 32 f. The rigorous application of this "law " was upheld by the Sadducees, as against the Pharisees. 22. Note that Shem is represented as the eldest; cf. Gen. x. 21 (R.V.).