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Caesarius of Arles

Life, Rule & Works 46

Latin original · 15 verses · some words can be tapped for a gloss

46:1

CAPUT PRIMUM. Imprimis si quis ad conversionem venerit, ea conditione excipiatur, ut usque ad mortem suam ibi perseveret. Vestimenta vero laica non ei mutentur, nisi antea de facultate sua chartas venditionis faciat, sicut Dominus praecepit dicens: Si vis perfectus esse, vade, vende omnia quæ habes, da pauperiMus, et t eni, sequere me (Matth. xix). Certe si non vult vendere, donationis chartas aut parentibus aut monasterio faciat, dummodo liber sit, et nibil habeat proprium. Si vero pater ejus aut mater vivat, et non habet potestatem faciendi, quando illi migraverint cogatur facere. Quæcunque secum eihibuit abbati tradat; nihil sibi reservet:

CHAPTER ONE. In the first place, if anyone come to conversion, let him be received on this condition, that he persevere there until his death. Let not his lay garments be changed for him, unless he first make deeds of sale concerning his property, as the Lord commanded, saying: 'If thou wilt be perfect, go, sell all that thou hast, give to the poor, and come, follow me' (Matt. 19). Certainly, if he will not sell, let him make deeds of donation either to his kinsfolk or to the monastery, provided that he be free and possess nothing of his own. But if his father or mother be living, and he have not the power of making the deeds, when they have departed let him be compelled to do so. Whatever he has brought with him, let him hand over to the abbot; let him reserve nothing for himself:

第一章。首先，若有人前來歸依，就當以此條件接納他，即他當在那裡持守至死。不可為他更換世俗的衣服，除非他先立契出售自己的產業，正如主所吩咐的說：「你若願意作完全人，可去變賣你所有的一切，分給窮人，然後來跟從我」（馬太福音十九章）。誠然，他若不願變賣，就當立贈與契給親屬或修道院，只要他是自由之身，且一無所有便可。但若他的父親或母親尚在，而他無權立契，待他們過世後，就當強制他立契。凡他隨身帶來的，都當交給院長；不可為自己留下任何東西：

46:2

et si aliquis de propinquis aliquid transmiserit, offerat abbati. Si ipsi est necessarium, ipso jubente habeat; si illi necesse non cst, in commune redactum, cui opus est tribuatur. II. Sint vobis omnia communia. III. Cellam peculiarem, aut armariolum, vel quamlibet clausuram nullus habeat; in una schola omnes maneant. IV. Non jurent; quia Dominus dixit: Nolite jurare omnino, sed ait sermo vester est est, non non (Matth. v). V. Mentiri qui inventus fuerit, disciplinam legitimam accipiat; quia Os quod mentitur occidit animam (Sap. I); et, Perdes eos qui loquuntur mendacium (Psal. v). VI. Non maledicant: quia scriptum est: Neque maledici regnum Dei possidebunt (1 Cor. VI). VII.

and if any of his kinsfolk send anything, let him offer it to the abbot. If it be necessary for him, let him have it at the abbot's bidding; if it be not needful for him, let it be brought into common stock, and given to him who has need of it. II. Let all things be common to you. III. Let no one have a private cell, or a little cupboard, or any enclosure of his own; let all remain in one common room. IV. Let them not swear; for the Lord said: 'Swear not at all, but let your speech be Yea, yea; Nay, nay' (Matt. 5). V. Whoever is found to lie, let him receive lawful discipline; for 'The mouth that lieth killeth the soul' (Wisd. 1); and, 'Thou shalt destroy them that speak a lie' (Ps. 5). VI. Let them not curse; for it is written: 'Nor shall the evil-speakers possess the kingdom of God' (1 Cor. 6). VII.

又若他的親屬送來任何東西，就當獻給院長。若那東西是他所需要的，就當憑院長的吩咐持有；若非他所必需，就當納入公共之物，分給有需要的人。二、你們凡物當公用。三、任何人不得擁有私人的斗室、小櫥或任何屬自己的封閉之所；眾人當同住一室。四、他們不可起誓；因為主說：「你們甚麼誓都不可起，你們的話，是就說是，不是就說不是」（馬太福音五章）。五、凡被查出說謊的，就當受合法的懲戒；因為「說謊的口殺害靈魂」（智慧篇一章）；又：「你必滅絕說謊言的人」（詩篇五篇）。六、他們不可咒罵；因為經上記著：「辱罵人的也不能承受神的國」（哥林多前書六章）。七、

46:3

Operam non quam unusquisque voluerit, sed quæ eis ordinata fuerit, faciant. VIII. Dum psallimus, nullus loqui praesumat. IX. Ad mensam dum manducant, nullus loquatur; sed unus legat quemcunque librum: ut sicut corpus reficitur cibo, ita anima reficiatur Dei verbo, sicut dicit Dominus: Non autem in solo pane vivit homo, ted ex omni verbo Dei (Matth. IV). Qualis est terra sine pluvia, et caro sine cibo, talis est anima si non reficiatur Dei verbo. X. Filium de baptismo nullus excipiat. XI. Mulieres in monasterio nunquam ingrediantur. Qui in remoto loco est a, signo tacto9ad omne opus Dei nullius tardius veniat. Si tardius venerit, statim de ferula in manus accipiat.

Let them do, not whatever work each one may wish, but that which has been appointed for them. VIII. While we chant the psalms, let no one presume to speak. IX. At table, while they eat, let no one speak; but let one read some book: that, as the body is refreshed by food, so the soul may be refreshed by the word of God, as the Lord says: 'Not in bread alone doth man live, but in every word of God' (Matt. 4). Such as is the earth without rain, and flesh without food, such is the soul if it be not refreshed by the word of God. X. Let no one receive a godchild from baptism. XI. Let women never enter into the monastery. Whoever is in a remote place, when the signal is struck, let none come too late to any work of God. If he come too late, let him at once take the rod in his hands.

他們所作的，不當是各人所隨意願作的工，而是那分派給他們的工。八、當我們詠唱聖詠時，任何人不得擅自說話。九、用餐時，眾人進食之際，任何人不得說話；當有一人誦讀某卷書：如同身體以食物得飽足，靈魂也以神的道得飽足，正如主所說：「人活著不是單靠食物，乃是靠神口裡所出的一切話」（馬太福音四章）。地若無雨，肉若無食，是何光景，靈魂若不以神的道得飽足，也是何光景。十、任何人不得從洗禮中作教子的代父。十一、婦女永不得進入修道院。凡在偏遠之處者，當信號敲響時，任何神的工作都不可有人來得太遲。若有人來遲了，就當立時將戒尺拿在手中。

46:4

Arguente abbate, aut præposito, aut quolibet seniore, respondere penitus non præsumat. XII. Lites inter vos non habeatis: sic enim dicit Apostolus: Servum Domini non oportet litigare, sed mansuetum esse (II Tim. II). Certe si excesserit, ut est humana fragilitas, ut se sermonibus duris exsumulenl, Sol non occidat super iracundiam vestram Ephes. IV). XIII. Sed nec ullus presumat iratum culpare; sed qui se sciunt fecisse quod non debuerunt, invicem sibi veniam petant, implentes illud Dei mandatum ubi dicit: Dimittite et dimittetur vobis. Si vos non dimiseritis, nec Pater vester cælestis dimittet vobis peccata vestra (Matth. VI). Ira viri justitiam Dei non operatur (Jac. i).

When the abbot, or the prior, or any elder reproves him, let him by no means presume to answer back. XII. Do not have quarrels among yourselves; for so says the Apostle: 'The servant of the Lord must not quarrel, but be gentle' (2 Tim. 2). Certainly, if anyone should go too far, as human frailty is wont, so that they provoke one another with harsh words, 'let not the sun go down upon your wrath' (Eph. 4). XIII. But let no one presume to blame the one who is angry; rather let those who know they have done what they ought not have done ask pardon of one another, fulfilling that command of God where He says: 'Forgive, and it shall be forgiven you. But if you do not forgive, neither will your heavenly Father forgive you your sins' (Matt. 6). 'The wrath of man does not work the justice of God' (James 1).

當院長、副院長或任何長者責備他時，他絕不可擅自頂嘴。第十二條：你們彼此不可爭鬥；因為使徒如此說：「主的僕人不可爭鬥，只要溫和」（提後二章）。誠然，若有人如人性軟弱一般過分了，以致以嚴厲的言語彼此激怒，「不可含怒到日落」（弗四章）。第十三條：但無人可擅自指責發怒的人；反倒那些知道自己行了不當之事的人，當彼此求恕，以成全神的誡命，就是祂所說的：「你們饒恕人，就必蒙饒恕。你們若不饒恕人，你們天父也不饒恕你們的過犯」（太六章）。「人的忿怒並不成就神的義」（雅一章）。

46:5

Si offers munus tuum ad altare, et recerdatus fueris quia frater tuus habet aliquid adversum te, vade prius reconciliari fratri tuo; et tunc veniens offeres munus tuum (Matth. v). Certus esto quia dum iratus es contra alium, oratio tua non recipitur; nec irato licet communicare. Et ideo implete quod Dominus dicit: Pacem meam do vobis, pacem meam diriMo vobis (Joan. XIV). In hoc cognoscent omnes homines quod mei discipuli estis, si vos invicem diligitis (Ibid., XIII. Dixit amplius Joannes: Qui odit fratrem suum, in fenebris eat, et in tenebris ambulat. Qui odit fratrem suum, homicida est. Charitas Deus est; qui manet in charitate, Deus in eo manet (I Joan. III).

'If you offer your gift at the altar, and there remember that your brother has something against you, go first to be reconciled to your brother; and then coming you shall offer your gift' (Matt. 5). Be assured that while you are angry against another, your prayer is not received; nor is it permitted for an angry man to receive Communion. And therefore fulfill what the Lord says: 'My peace I give you, my peace I leave with you' (John 14). 'By this shall all men know that you are my disciples, if you love one another' (John 13). John says further: 'He who hates his brother is in darkness, and walks in darkness. He who hates his brother is a murderer. God is love; he who abides in love, God abides in him' (1 John 3).

「你在祭壇上獻禮物的時候，若想起弟兄有甚麼虧欠你的事，就把禮物留在那裡，先去與弟兄和好，然後來獻你的禮物」（太五章）。你當確知：當你向別人發怒時，你的禱告不蒙悅納；發怒的人也不可領聖餐。所以你們當成全主所說的：「我把我的平安賜給你們，我把我的平安留給你們」（約十四章）。「你們若彼此相愛，眾人因此就認出你們是我的門徒了」（約十三章）。約翰又說：「恨弟兄的，就是在黑暗裡，且在黑暗裡行走。恨弟兄的，就是殺人的。神就是愛；住在愛裡面的，就住在神裡面，神也住在他裡面」（約壹三章）。

46:6

Et qui inimicos jubentur diligere, et bene eis facere, qua fronte fratre odimus ? XIV. Omni tempore usque ad tertiam legant; post tertiain unusquisque sibi opera injuncta faciat. XV. Nullus occulte aliquid accipiat, præcipue epistolas sine scientia abbatis nuilus acci iat nec transmittat. XVI. Victum et vestimenta abbas ministret. Quia sicut sancitum ut nihil proprium habeant, ita justum est ut omnes quæ necessaria fuerint a sancto abbate accipiant. XVII. Infirmi tractentur, ut citius convalescant. XVIII. Omne ministerium cum bona voluntate farile, ut impleatis illud: Voluntarie sacrificabo tibi (Psal. LIII):

And when we are commanded to love our enemies and to do good to them, with what face do we hate a brother? XIV. At all seasons let them read until Terce; after Terce let each one do the work assigned to him. XV. Let no one secretly receive anything, and above all let no one receive or transmit letters without the abbot's knowledge. XVI. Let the abbot provide food and clothing. For just as it is established that they should have nothing of their own, so it is just that all should receive from the holy abbot whatever is necessary. XVII. Let the sick be cared for, that they may recover the more quickly. XVIII. Perform every service with good will, that you may fulfill this: 'Willingly will I sacrifice to you' (Ps. 53).

我們既被命令去愛仇敵、善待他們，怎能厚顏地恨弟兄呢？第十四條：每逢時節，願他們誦讀直到第三時；第三時之後，各人當作分派給他的工作。第十五條：無人可暗中領受甚麼，尤其未經院長知曉，無人可收受或傳遞書信。第十六條：願院長供給食物與衣服。因為既已規定他們不得擁有任何私產，那麼眾人凡有所需，都當從聖潔的院長領受，這也是公義的。第十七條：願病者得到照顧，好使他們更快痊癒。第十八條：願你們以甘心樂意行各樣服事，好成全這話：「我甘心樂意獻祭給你」（詩五十三篇）。

46:7

quia satis alta merces erit illius qui volumarie, quam illius qui invitus facit quod jubetur. XIX. Contendite intrare per angustam portam, quia a rcta et laboriosa via eat quæ duci' ad vitam, luta et spatiosa qute ducit ad mortem (Luc. XIII). Vos vero sicut certamen habituri eratis, si in pugna contra gentem aliquam ambulassetis, at non ibi mortem faceretis; tanto magis in isto spiritali certamine pugnate, ut non vos adversarii animæ percutiant. Quanta vitia habueritis, tantos habebitis adversarios; eo.. ideo certate sicut milites Christi, ut cum ipso regnetis in cœlis, qui dixit: Si quis tulerit crucem suam et secutus me fuerit: si quia reliquerit patrem.

For far higher will be the reward of him who does willingly what is commanded than of him who does it unwillingly. XIX. 'Strive to enter through the narrow gate,' for straight and toilsome is the way that leads to life, but broad and spacious the way that leads to death (Luke 13). But you, as though you were about to enter a struggle, if you were marching into battle against some nation, and were not to meet death there, so much the more fight in this spiritual struggle, that the adversaries may not strike down your souls. As many vices as you have, so many adversaries will you have; therefore fight like soldiers of Christ, that with Him you may reign in heaven, who said: 'If anyone will take up his cross and follow me: if anyone forsakes father,'

因為甘心樂意遵行所命之事的人，其賞賜遠比勉強行的人為高。第十九條：「你們要努力進窄門」，因為引到永生的道路是狹窄而艱苦的，引到死亡的道路卻是寬闊而廣大的（路十三章）。你們正如將要面對爭戰一般：你們若出去與某國交戰，並不至於在那裡喪命；那麼在這屬靈的爭戰中就更當奮力作戰，免得仇敵擊殺你們的靈魂。你們有多少惡習，就有多少仇敵；所以你們當像基督的精兵一樣爭戰，好與那位說話的主一同在天上作王，祂說：「若有人背起他的十字架來跟從我：若有人撇下父」，

46:8

matrem, uxorem, filios et facultates, centuplum accipiet, et vitam æternam possidebit (Matth. XIX). Hoc certamen habete inter vos, qui alterum vincat per humilitatem, per charitatem: qui sit minor; qui sit in opus Dei vigilantior; qui palientiam habeat majorem; qui sii tacitus, mitis, blandus, compunctus: ut laetetur Deus et augeli ejus de vestra sancta conversatione, et confundatur diabolus hostis antiquus; qui semper cogitat miserum hominem contra Dei facere voluntatem, ne sit ibi unde ille pro sua praesumptione jactatus est: Sic currite ut apprehendatis (I Cor. IX), et possatis dicere: Viam mandatorum tuorum cucurri (Psal. CXVIII). Videte, fratres,quomodo caute ambuletis;

'mother, wife, children, and possessions, he shall receive a hundredfold, and shall possess eternal life' (Matt. 19). Have this contest among yourselves: who may surpass the other in humility, in charity; who may be the lesser; who may be more vigilant in the work of God; who may have the greater patience; who may be silent, meek, gentle, contrite: that God and His angels may rejoice over your holy manner of life, and that the devil, the ancient enemy, may be confounded, who always plots how to make wretched man act against the will of God, so that there may be nothing for which he was cast down through his own presumption. 'So run that you may obtain' (1 Cor. 9), and may be able to say: 'I have run the way of your commandments' (Ps. 118). See, brethren, how circumspectly you walk;

「母親、妻子、兒女與產業的，必得百倍，且要承受永生」（太十九章）。你們當在彼此之間有這樣的競賽：看誰能在謙卑上、在愛德上勝過別人；誰甘為最小的；誰在神的工作上更加儆醒；誰有更大的忍耐；誰是沉默、柔和、溫良、痛悔的：好使神和祂的眾天使因你們聖潔的生活而喜樂，也使那古老的仇敵魔鬼蒙羞——牠總是圖謀使可憐的人違背神的旨意行事，好使自己不至於因牠自身的狂傲而被拋下之處無以自誇。「你們要奔跑，好叫你們得著賞賜」（林前九章），並能說：「我奔跑你誡命的道路」（詩一百一十八篇）。弟兄們，你們要謹慎察看自己怎樣行事，

46:9

non quasi insipientes: redimentes tempus, quoniam dies mali sunt. Propterea nolite fieri imprudentes, sed. intelligentes quæ sit voluntas Dei. Et nolite inebriari vino, in quo est luxuria, sed implemini Spiritu sancto, loquentes a vobismetipuis in psalmis, et hymnis, et canticis spiritualibus, cantantes et psallentes in cordibus vestris Patri ei Deo: subjecti invicem in timore Christi (Ephes. v). XX. Vigilias a, a mense Octobri usque ad Pascha, duos noclurnos faciant, et tres misas b. Ab una tnissa legat frater folia tria, et orate; legat alia tria, et level Me. XXI. Dicite antiphonam, responsorium et aliam antiphonam;antiphonas ipsas de ordine Psalterii.

not as unwise, but redeeming the time, for the days are evil. Therefore do not be foolish, but understanding what is the will of God. And do not be drunk with wine, in which is riotousness, but be filled with the Holy Spirit, speaking to yourselves in psalms, and hymns, and spiritual canticles, singing and making melody in your hearts to the Father and God: subject to one another in the fear of Christ (Eph. 5). XX. For the vigils, from the month of October until Easter, let them do two nocturns and three lessons. At one lesson let the brother read three pages, and pray; let him read another three, and rise up. XXI. Say an antiphon, a responsory, and another antiphon; the antiphons themselves in the order of the Psalter.

不要像愚昧人，倒要愛惜光陰，因為現今的世代邪惡。所以不要作糊塗人，要明白神的旨意如何。不要醉酒，酒能使人放蕩；乃要被聖靈充滿，用詩章、頌詞、靈歌彼此對說，口唱心和地讚美父神：存敬畏基督的心，彼此順服（弗五章）。第二十條：至於守夜禱，自十月起至復活節，願他們作兩段夜課與三段誦讀。一段誦讀中，弟兄當讀三頁，然後禱告；再讀三頁，然後起立。第二十一條：當唱交替聖詠、應答詠，再唱一首交替聖詠；這些交替聖詠按詩篇的次序而定。