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饗宴與殘篇 第 2-4 章

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2-4:1
ΟΡΘΟΔ. Τὴν μὲν προθυμίαν ἀποδέχομαι τὴν σήν, φίλε, καί σου τὴν περὶ τὸν λόγον σπουδὴν ἐπαινῶ· ὄτι δὲ περὶ τῶν ὄντων οὕτως διετέθης, ὡς ἄρα ἐξ ὑποκειμένης τινὸς οὐσίας ταῦτα ἐδημιούργησεν θεός, οὐ πάνυ τι μέμφομαι. ὡς ἀληθῶς γὰρ τῶν κακῶν γένεσις οὕτω τοὺς πολλοὺς διατεθῆναι ποιεῖ
正統者: 朋友啊,我接受你的熱忱,也稱讚你對這討論的殷勤。至於你對萬有所持的看法——就是神從某種底層的本質塑造出它們——我並不大加責備;因為實在說來,惡的起源使大多數人這樣設想。
ORTHODOXUS: I accept your eagerness, my friend, and I commend your zeal for the discussion. That you have been so disposed concerning things that are — namely, that God fashioned them out of some underlying substance — I do not greatly blame; for in truth the origin of evils disposes most people in this way.
2-4:2
καὶ γὰρ πρὸ σοῦ τε καὶ ἐμοῦ πολλοί τινες ἄνδρες ἱκανοὶ περὶ τούτου τὴν μεγίστην ζήτησιν ἐποιήσαντο. καὶ οἱ μὲν ὁμοίως διετέθησάν σοι, οἱ δ' αὖ πάλιν τὸν θεὸν τούτων δημιοργὸν ἀπεφήναντο, σύγχρονον αὐτῷ ὑπόστασιν δοῦναι πεφοβημένοι· κάκεῖνοι ἐκ τοῦ φοβηθῆναι τῶν κακῶν ποιητὴν εἰπεῖν τὸν θεὸν σὐγχρονον αὐτῷ δοῦναι τὴν ὕλην ἔδοξαν. καὶ συνέβη ἑκατέροις ἐκ τοῦ μὴ κατ ἐπιστήμην τοῦ ἀληθοῦς φοβηθῆναι τὸν θεὸν τὸ μὴ καλῶς εἰπεῖν
在你我以先,實有許多有才幹的人對此作過最大的探究。有些人與你看法相同,另有些人卻宣稱神是這些事的工匠,因懼怕承認有一與祂同時的存在;而前者出於懼怕稱神為惡的製造者,便想把物質視為與祂同時。雙方都因不按真理的知識而懼怕神,以致說得不妥。
For indeed, before you and me, many capable men made the greatest inquiry concerning this. Some were disposed like you, while others again declared God to be the craftsman of these things, fearing to grant a subsistence contemporaneous with Him; and those, out of fear to call God the maker of evils, thought to grant matter as contemporaneous with Him. And it befell both parties, out of fearing God not according to knowledge of the truth, that they spoke amiss.
2-4:3
ἔτεροι δὲ τὴν ἀρχὴν καὶ] περὶ τοῦ τοιούτου ζητεῖν παρῃτήσαντο, ὡς οὐκ ἔχοντος τέλος τοῦ τοιούτου ζητήματος. ἐμὲ δὲ τὰ κοινὰ τῆς πρὸς σὲ φιλίας παραιτεῖσθαι τὸ ζητούμενον οὐκ ἐᾷ· καὶ μάλιστα ὅτε τὴν προαίρεσιν ἀπαγγέλλεις τὴν σὴν, ὡς οὐ προλήψει κρατούμενος εἰ καὶ τὰ μάλιστα οὕτω πως ἐξ ὡν ὑπενόησας ἔδοξας ἔχειν τὰ πράγματα), ἀλλ ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ τῆς τοῦ ἀληθοῦς γνώσεως καθεστάναι λέγεις. λέγεις. ὅθεν προθύμως κἀγὼ ἐπὶ τὸν τῆς ζητήσεως τραπήσομαι λόγον
另有些人從起初就連探究這事都拒絕,理由是這樣的探究無有終局。但我與你之間友誼的共同情分,不容我推辭所探究的——尤其當你宣告你自己的志向:你並非被成見所擄(縱使你確似從所揣測的而這樣看待這些事),乃說你站在渴慕認識真理的地步上。因此,我也要熱切地轉向這探究的討論。
Others again refused at the outset even to inquire about such a thing, on the ground that such an inquiry has no end. But the common bond of friendship with you does not allow me to decline what is sought — especially when you declare your own resolve: that you are not held captive by prejudice (even if you do seem to hold matters thus, from what you have surmised), but say that you stand in a desire for the knowledge of the truth. Wherefore I too will eagerly turn to the discussion of the inquiry.
2-4:4
βούλομαι δὲ καὶ τουτονὶ τὸν ἑταῖρον ἀκροατὴν γενέσθαι τῶν ἡμετέρων λόγων· καὶ γὰρ δοκεῖ πως κατά τι περὶ τούτων ὁμοίως σοὶ δοξάζειν καὶ αὐτός. διὸ κοινὸν κοινὸν πρὸς ἀμφοτέρους τὸν λόγον ποιεῖσθαι βούλομαι·ἅ γὰρ ἂν εἴποιμι πρὸς σὲ οὕτως ἔχοντα, ταῦτα καὶ πρὸς τοῦτον ὁμοίως λέξω. εἴ σοι τοίνυν ἀληθῶς περὶ τοῦ κρείττονος λέγειν εὐγνωμόνως δοκεῖ, πρὸς ἔκαστον ἀπόκριναι ὡν ἐρωτῶ· ἐκ γὰρ τούτων γενήσεται καὶ σὲ μὲν τὸ ἀληθὲς μανθάνειν, κἀμὲ δὲ μὴ μάτην τοὺς λόγους ποιεῖσθαι πρὸς σέ
我也願這位在場的同伴成為我們討論的聽眾;因為他在某方面似乎也與你持相同的看法。因此我願使這討論為你們二人所共有;凡我向你所說的,既是這樣看待這些事,同樣的我也向他說。那麼,你若真心覺得當公正地論述那更高者,就請逐一回答我所問的;因為由這些,必使你既學得真理,我向你所說的話也不致徒然。
I wish also that this companion here should become a hearer of our discussion; for he too seems somehow in some respect to hold an opinion like yours about these matters. Therefore I wish to make the discussion common to you both; for whatever I say to you, holding things thus, the same I will say likewise to him. If, then, it truly seems good to you to speak fairly about the Higher One, answer each of the things I ask; for from these it will come about both that you learn the truth, and that I do not make my words to you in vain.
2-4:5
ΟΥΑΔ. ταῦθ' ἅπερ εἶπας πράττειν ἑτοίμοως ἔχω, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο μετὰ πάσης προθυμίας ἐκεῖνα πυνθάνου, ἐξ ωνπερ νομίξεις δύνασθαί με τὴν ἐπιστήμην τοῦ κρείττονος μαθεῖν. οὐ γάρ μοι τὸ νικῆσαι πρόκειται κακῶς ἀλλὰ τὸ ἀληθὲς ἐκμαθεῖν καλῶς· οὕθεν ἔχου τὸ λοιπὸν τοῦ λογου
瓦倫提尼安: 你所說的這些事,我都樂意去作,所以求你以滿心的熱忱,問那些你認為能使我學得對那更高者之認識的事。因為我的目標不是不正當地取勝,乃是好好地學得真理;所以請接續其餘的討論。
VALENTINIANUS: I am ready to do these things which you have said, and therefore with all eagerness inquire those things from which you think I am able to learn the knowledge of the Higher One. For my aim is not to win badly, but to learn the truth well; therefore proceed with the rest of the discussion.
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