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Rufinus of Aquileia

Church History (Continuation) 73

Latin original · 6 verses · some words can be tapped for a gloss

← ch. 72ch. 74 →
73:1
Igitur praeparatur ad bellum non tam armorum telorumque, quam jejuniorum orationumque subsidiis: nec tam excubiarum vigiliis, quam obsecrationum pernoctatione munitus circumibat, cum sacerdotibus et populo omnia orationum loca, ante Martyrum et Apostolorum thecas jacebat cilicio prostratus, et auxilia sibi fida sanctorum intercessione poscebat. At Pagani, qui errores suos novis semper erroribus animant, innovare sacrificia, et Romam funestis victimis cruentare, inspicere exta pecudum, et ex fibrarum praescientia securam Eugenio victoriam nuntiare.
Therefore he prepared for war, not so much by the aids of arms and weapons as of fastings and prayers; and fortified not so much by the watches of sentries as by the night-long vigils of supplications, he went about with priests and people through all the places of prayer; before the shrines of the martyrs and apostles he lay prostrate in sackcloth, and besought for himself faithful aid by the intercession of the saints. But the pagans, who ever enliven their errors with new errors, renewed sacrifices, stained Rome with deadly victims, inspected the entrails of cattle, and from the foreknowledge of the fibres announced to Eugenius a sure victory.
因此他預備爭戰,所倚靠的與其說是兵器戈矛之助,不如說是禁食禱告之助;他所恃以為固的與其說是哨兵的守望,不如說是徹夜祈求的儆醒。他與祭司和百姓一同走遍各禱告之所;在殉道者與使徒的祭壇前,他披麻俯伏在地,藉聖徒的代求為自己懇求可靠的幫助。但異教徒——他們總以新的謬誤來助長舊的謬誤——重行祭祀,以致命的祭牲玷污羅馬,察看牲畜的臟腑,並按那臟器的「預知」向尤金尼烏斯宣告必勝。
73:2
Superstitiosius haec agente, et cum omni animositate, Flaviano tunc Praefecto, cujus assertionibus (magna enim erat ejus in sapientia praerogativa) Eugenium victorem fore pro certo praesumpserat. Sed ubi verae religionis fretus auxilio Theodosius, alpium fauces coepit urgere, primi illi, quibus nequicquam litatae sunt tot victimae, de fallaciae conscientia trepidi daemones, in fugam versi. Post etiam magistri horum et doctores errorum praecipue Flavianus, plus pudoris, quam sceleris reus, cum potuisset evadere eruditus admodum vir, mereri se mortem pro errore justius, quam pro crimine judicavit.
While Flavian, then Prefect, conducted these things more superstitiously and with all eagerness—on whose assertions (for great was his prerogative in 'wisdom') he had presumed for certain that Eugenius would be the victor. But when Theodosius, relying on the aid of the true religion, began to press upon the jaws of the Alps, first those demons, to whom so many victims had been sacrificed in vain, trembling from consciousness of their deceit, were turned to flight. Afterward the masters and teachers of these errors too, especially Flavian—guilty of more shame than crime—though, being a very learned man, he could have escaped, judged that he more justly deserved death for his error than for a crime.
那時的長官弗拉維安(Flavian)更迷信地、滿懷熱忱地行這些事——他憑這人的斷言(因他在「智慧」上享有極高的權威),便確信尤金尼烏斯必為勝者。但當狄奧多西倚靠真宗教之助,開始進逼阿爾卑斯山的隘口時,先是那些枉受了這麼多祭牲的鬼魔,因自知其詐而戰兢,掉頭逃竄。隨後這些謬誤的師傅與教師——尤其是弗拉維安,他可恥多於犯罪——他雖極博學,本可逃脫,卻判定自己為謬誤而死,比為犯罪而死更為公道。
73:3
Caeteri vero instruunt aciem, et collocatis in superiori jugo insidiis, ipsi pugnam in descensu montis exspectant. Verum ubi ad primos ventum est, et illico se legitimo Principi tradiderunt: cum caeteris imis vallibus deprehensis conflictus acerrimus geritur. Stetit aliquandiu anceps victoria: fundebantur auxilia Barbarorum, et terga jam hostibus dabant. Sed fiebat hoc non ut Theodosius vinceretur, sed ne per Barbaros vincere videretur. Tum ille ut conversas suorum acies vidit, stans in edita rupe, unde et conspicere et conspici ab utroque posset exercitu, projectis armis, ad solida se vertit auxilia, et prostratus in conspectu Dei:
But the rest drew up their battle line, and having placed an ambush on the higher ridge, they themselves awaited the fight on the descent of the mountain. But when it came to the first ranks, these straightway surrendered themselves to the lawful emperor; while with the rest, caught in the lowest valleys, a most bitter conflict was waged. For some time the victory stood doubtful; the auxiliaries of the Barbarians were being routed and were already turning their backs to the enemy. But this came to pass not that Theodosius should be conquered, but lest he should seem to conquer through the Barbarians. Then he, when he saw the ranks of his men turned, standing on a high rock, whence he might both behold and be beheld by either army, casting away his arms, turned himself to solid aids, and prostrate in the sight of God:
其餘的人卻擺開陣勢,在較高的山脊上設下埋伏,自己則在山坡下面待戰。但及至接觸前鋒時,這些人立刻向合法的皇帝投降;而那困在最低谷地的其餘之眾,便展開最激烈的衝突。一時間勝負難分;蠻族的援軍潰敗,已向敵人轉背。但這事的發生並非要叫狄奧多西被打敗,乃是免得他似乎是藉蠻族取勝。於是他見自己軍隊的陣列已轉背,便站在一塊高巖上,從那裡他既能觀看兩軍、又能被兩軍觀看,他拋下兵器,轉向那穩固的幫助,俯伏在神面前:
73:4
Tu, inquit, omnipotens Deus, nosti quia in nomine Christi Filii tui ultionis justae, ut puto, praelia ista suscepi: si secus, in me vindica. Si vero cum caussa probabili, et in te confisus, huc veni, porrige dexteram tuis, Ne forte dicant Gentes, ubi est Deus eorum (Psal. . 30.)? Quam supplicationem pii Principis, certi a Deo esse susceptam, hi qui aderant duces, animantur ad caedem: et praecipue Bacurius, vir fide, pietate, virtute et animi et corporis insignis, et qui comes esse et socius Theodosii mereretur, proximos quosque conto, telis, gladio passim sternit, agmina hostium conferta et constipata perrumpit.
'Thou,' he said, 'Almighty God, knowest that I have undertaken these battles, as I think, in the name of Christ Thy Son, for the sake of just vengeance: if otherwise, take vengeance on me. But if I have come hither with a probable cause and trusting in Thee, stretch forth Thy right hand to Thine own, lest perchance the Gentiles say, Where is their God? (Psalm 79[78]:10).' This supplication of the pious emperor, which those who were present were certain had been received by God, animated the leaders to the slaughter; and especially Bacurius, a man distinguished in faith, piety, and virtue both of mind and body, and one who deserved to be the companion and ally of Theodosius, struck down those nearest with pike, javelins, and sword on every side, and broke through the dense and crowded columns of the enemy.
他說:「全能的神啊,禰知道我以為自己是奉禰兒子基督的名,為著公義的報應而擔起這些爭戰:若不然,求禰向我追討。但我若是憑著正當的理由、信靠禰而來到這裡,求禰向禰的子民伸出禰的右手,免得外邦人說:『他們的神在哪裡呢?』(詩篇七十九10)」這虔誠皇帝的祈求,在場的人都確信已蒙神垂聽,便激勵眾將領奮力廝殺;尤其是巴庫里烏斯(Bacurius),一個在信德、虔敬,並心身之德上都卓越的人,配作狄奧多西的同伴與盟友,他用長矛、標槍、刀劍四面砍倒近旁的敵人,衝破敵人密集擁擠的隊列。
73:5
Iter per millia ruentium ad ipsum Tyrannum, ruptis agminibus, et acervatim fusis stragibus, agit. Vix fortasse ab impiis credantur, quae gesta sunt. Etenim compertum est, quod post illam Imperatoris precem quam Deo fuderat, ventus ita vehemens exortus est, ut tela hostium in eos qui jecerant, retorqueret. Cumque magna vi persistente vento, omne jaculum missum ab hostibus frustraretur , fracto adversariorum animo, seu potius divinitus repulso, Arbogasto duce nequicquam, Deo adverso, fortiter faciente, Eugenius ante Theodosii pedes, vinctis post terga manibus, adducitur. Ibique vitae ejus et certaminis finis fuit.
He made his way through thousands of those falling, right up to the tyrant himself, the ranks being broken and slaughter heaped up in piles. Hardly perhaps would the things that were done be believed by the impious. For it has been ascertained that, after that prayer of the emperor which he had poured out to God, a wind arose so violent that it hurled back the enemy's weapons upon those who had cast them. And when, the wind persisting with great force, every missile sent by the enemy was made vain, the spirit of the adversaries being broken, or rather divinely repulsed, with Arbogast their general acting bravely in vain (since God was against him), Eugenius was led before the feet of Theodosius, his hands bound behind his back. And there was the end of his life and of his struggle.
他在千萬倒下的人中殺出一條路,直到那僭主本人面前,敵陣被衝破,屍體堆積成堆。所行之事,不信的人或許難以置信。因為已查明,在皇帝向神傾倒那禱告之後,竟起了一陣猛烈的風,把敵人的兵器吹回到擲它們的人身上。當那風大力不停,敵人所射的每一支箭矢都歸於徒然,仇敵的心便被擊碎,或不如說是被神所驅退;他們的將領阿爾博加斯特儘管奮勇卻枉然(因神與他為敵),尤金尼烏斯便被帶到狄奧多西腳前,雙手反綁。他的性命與爭戰,便在那裡告終。
73:6
Tum vero religioso Principi gloriosior victoria de frustratis opinionibus Paganorum, quam de Tyranni interitu fuit: quibus spes vana et falsa divinatio minus in interitu contulit poenae, quam pudoris servavit in vita.
Then indeed for the religious emperor the victory over the frustrated opinions of the pagans was more glorious than that over the death of the tyrant; for whom their vain hope and false divination availed less in inflicting punishment by death than it preserved of shame in life.
那時,對這虔誠的皇帝而言,勝過異教徒落空之臆測的得勝,比勝過那僭主之死更為光榮;因為他們那虛妄的盼望與虛假的占卜,在加給人以死亡之刑罰上所成的,遠不及它在他們活著時所保留的羞辱。
← ch. 72ch. 74 →
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