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Maximus of Turin

Sermons 131

Latin original · 9 verses · some words can be tapped for a gloss

← ch. 130ch. 132 →
131:1
447 Compiures esse codices video in quibus hic sermo sancto Maximo ascribitur; Vaticanos scilicet tres 1268, 4951 et 6452; Casinensem 117 pag. 209 a tergo, Laurentianum 167 pag. 157 a tergo bibl. olimædil. in eccles. Florentinæ, Vallicellanum XIX, Lectionarium Brixiensis Ecclesiæ pag. 298, et CLIII pag. 160 bibl. Sancti Marci Venetiarum. His addi poterit codex Remigianus, cujus monachi Sancti Mauri in appendice sermonum sancti Augustini pag. 180 edit. Antucrp. 1700 dubii de auctore sermonis meminerunt. Cum igitur codici Taurinensi sancto Maximo hunc sermonem num. 29 cum titulo: Item de Quadragesima asserenti plures alii codices optimæ fidei consonent, jure ipsi tribuendus est.
I see that there are several codices in which this sermon is ascribed to holy Maximus: namely the three Vatican ones, 1268, 4951, and 6452; the Cassinese 117, page 209 on the reverse; the Laurentian 167, page 157 on the reverse, of the library once belonging to the church of Florence; the Vallicellan XIX; the Lectionary of the Church of Brescia, page 298; and CLIII, page 160, of the library of Saint Mark in Venice. To these may be added the Remigian codex, of which the monks of Saint Maur, in the appendix of the sermons of Saint Augustine, page 180 of the Antwerp edition of 1700, made mention as being doubtful about the author of the sermon. Since, therefore, with the Turin codex asserting this sermon to holy Maximus under number 29 with the title Likewise on Lent, several other codices of the best reliability agree, it is rightly to be attributed to him.
我看到有數份抄本把此篇講道歸於聖馬克西姆:即三份梵蒂岡抄本 1268、4951、6452;卡西諾抄本 117 背面第 209 頁;曾屬佛羅倫斯教會圖書館的勞倫齊安抄本 167 背面第 157 頁;瓦利切拉抄本第十九號;布雷西亞教會讀經集第 298 頁;以及威尼斯聖馬可圖書館的第 153 號第 160 頁。此外還可加上雷米吉安抄本——聖毛爾的修士們在聖奧古斯丁講道集附錄(一七〇〇年安特衛普版第 180 頁)中曾提及此抄本,對講道的作者存疑。所以,既然都靈抄本以第 29 號、題名《同論四旬期》把此篇講道歸於聖馬克西姆,又有其他數份極可靠的抄本與之相合,此篇便理當歸於他。
131:2
Si quis vero dicendi formam scrutari velit, nihil Maximo inconveniens offendet; quin imo ejus ingenium in optimo sacrarum Scripturarum usu admirabitur. Exstat in cod. Perus. absque auctoris nomine. Hos sanctae Quadragesimæ dies, fratres a carissimi, debemus omni veneralione suscipere, nec longiorem numerum hujus temporis fastidire: quia quanto plures b dies jejunii, tanto major est causa remedii; quanto c prolixior abstinentiaecursus,d tanto redemptio copiosior est salutis; quanto austerior cura vulnerum, tanto medicina salubrior est peccatorum.
But if anyone should wish to scrutinize the manner of speaking, he will find nothing unbefitting Maximus; nay rather, he will admire his talent in the excellent use of the sacred Scriptures. It exists in the Perugian codex without the author's name. These days of holy Lent, dearest brethren, we ought to receive with all veneration, nor be wearied by the greater number of this season: for the more the days of fasting, the greater is the cause of remedy; the more prolonged the course of abstinence, the more abundant the redemption of salvation; the more austere the care of wounds, the more healthful the medicine of sins.
但若有人願意細察其言說的風格,必找不到任何與馬克西姆不相稱之處;不但如此,還會欽佩他在善用聖經上的才能。此篇存於佩魯賈抄本中,未署作者之名。至親愛的弟兄們,我們當懷著十足的崇敬領受這神聖四旬期的日子,不可因這時期日數眾多而生厭煩:因為禁食的日子越多,醫治的緣由就越大;節制的歷程越長,救恩的救贖就越豐富;對創傷的照料越嚴苛,罪的良藥就越有療效。
131:3
e Deus enim, qui nostrarum est medicus animarum, congruum tempus instituit, quod et justis ' satis ad orandum, et peccatoribus sufficiat ad rogandum, I illis requiem postulantibus, bis veniam deprecantibus. Congruum enim tempus est Quadragesimæ, b nec breve est ad exorandum, nec longum est ad promerendam. Quadraginta enim dierum jcjuniis quaevis iniquitas peccatoris i exorari potest, et quantavis severitas judicis mitigari. 448 Illi longum et fastidiosum forte sit tempus, qui nec orat de ealpa, nec sperat de venia. Desperatio enim'nec confiteri de scelere, nec indulgentiam novil sperare de judice. Sanctus igitur et salutaris Quadragesimæ cura.
For God, who is the physician of our souls, appointed a fitting time, one that may suffice both for the just to pray and for sinners to entreat—those asking for rest, these praying for pardon. For fitting is the time of Lent, neither short for entreating nor long for meriting. For by the fasts of forty days any iniquity of the sinner can be entreated away, and any severity of the judge softened. To him perhaps it is a long and tedious time who neither prays concerning his fault nor hopes concerning pardon. For despair knows neither how to confess concerning crime, nor how to hope for indulgence from the judge. Holy, therefore, and salutary is the care of Lent.
因為神,就是我們靈魂的醫師,設立了一個合宜的時候,這時候既足夠義人祈禱,也足夠罪人懇求——那些人求安息,這些人求赦免。因為四旬期的時候是合宜的,既不因懇求而顯得太短,也不因博取赦免而顯得太長。因為藉四十天的禁食,罪人的任何罪孽都能藉懇求得以消除,審判者的任何嚴厲都能得以緩解。對那既不為自己的過錯祈禱、也不指望赦免的人,這時候或許是漫長而令人厭煩的。因為絕望既不知道如何為罪過認罪,也不知道如何指望審判者的寬赦。所以,四旬期的操練是聖潔而有益於救恩的。
131:4
est, quo i judex adducitur ad misericordiam, peccator ad pœnitentiam, justus ad requiem. His enim diebus solito amplius et Divinitas miseretur, k et delinquentia deprecatur, et justitia promeretur. Patent enim omnia, et cœli ad indulgeudum, et peccator ad confitendum, et lingua ad postulandum. Salutaris, inquam, et mysticos est quadragenarius numerus. Nam primum cum mundi i faciem iniquitas hominum possideret, tot dierum curriculo, Deus effusis de coelo imbribus, universam terram diluvio superfudit. Vides ergo jam illo tempore mysterium in figura dispositum. m Nam siout tunc, ita nunc quadraginta diebus miseretur ad hominem purificandum.
For by it the judge is led to mercy, the sinner to penitence, the just to rest. For in these days more than usual both the Divinity shows mercy, and the sinner entreats, and righteousness is merited. For all things lie open—both the heavens for pardoning, and the sinner for confessing, and the tongue for petitioning. Salutary, I say, and mystical is the number forty. For first, when the iniquity of men held possession of the face of the world, in the course of so many days God, pouring rains from heaven, overwhelmed the whole earth with a flood. You see, then, that already at that time a mystery was arranged in figure. For as then, so now, by forty days He shows mercy to purify man.
因為藉此操練,審判者被引向憐憫,罪人被引向悔改,義人被引向安息。因為在這些日子裡,神性比平常更多施憐憫,罪人更多懇求,公義更多被博取。因為萬事都敞開——諸天為要赦免而敞開,罪人為要認罪而敞開,舌頭為要祈求而敞開。我說,四十這數目是有益於救恩且滿有奧祕的。因為起初,當人的罪孽佔據了世界的面貌時,神在如此多的日子裡從天傾降大雨,用洪水淹沒了全地。所以你看,早在那時,奧祕就已在預表中被安排好了。因為如同那時,如今祂也照樣用四十天施憐憫來潔淨人。
131:5
Quanquam et illius temporis diluvium misericordia dicenda est, quo iniquitas oppressa est, et justitia conservata. Pro misericordia enim factum est n ut justi evaderent, et injusti amplius non peccarent. Pro misericordia plane 449 ° videmus illud fuisse diluvium quo, veluti baptismo p quodam, totius mundi facies est innovata: scilicet ut qui perditorum hominum scelere sordebat ad crimina, beati Noe habitatione floreret ad gratiam; et qui iniquitatis erat q prostibulum tunc, modo fieret domicilium r sanctitatis. Diluvium, inquam, illud hujus nostri fuit similitudo baptismatis. Hoc enini tunc gestum est quod nunc agitur:
Although even the flood of that time must be called a mercy, by which iniquity was oppressed and righteousness preserved. For out of mercy it came to pass that the just escaped and the unjust sinned no more. Out of mercy plainly we see that flood to have been, by which, as by a certain baptism, the face of the whole world was renewed: namely, that what had been foul with the wickedness of lost men, unto crimes, might flourish unto grace by the habitation of blessed Noah; and what was then a brothel of iniquity might now become a dwelling of holiness. That flood, I say, was the likeness of this baptism of ours. For then was enacted what is now performed:
雖然那時的洪水也當被稱為憐憫,因藉此罪孽被壓制,公義被保全。因為義人得逃脫、不義者不再犯罪,乃是出於憐憫。顯然,我們看見那洪水乃是出於憐憫,藉此,如同藉某種洗禮一般,全世界的面貌得以更新:就是說,那因失喪之人的邪惡而在罪中污穢的,得以藉蒙福之挪亞的居住而在恩典中興旺;那時作罪孽淫窟的,如今得以成為聖潔的居所。我說,那洪水乃是我們這洗禮的預像。因為那時所發生的,正是如今所行的:
131:6
hoc est, ut, exuberanLibus aquarum fontibus, periclitarentur vitia, et justitia sola regnaret; mergerentur in profundum peccata, sanctitas vicina coelo portaretur. s Tunc enim, sicut dixi, hoc agebatur quod nunc agitur in Ecclesia Christi. t Nam sicut Noe aqua, submersis omnibus vitiis, peccatorum adulta ferebatur, ita baptismatis fonte coelo vicina portatur Ecclesia. et deietis omnibus superstitionibus idolorum, fides regnat in terris, quæ de Salvatoris area procedit. Sanctum ergo et sacratum Quadragesimæ tempus est, quod statim ab initio coepit inter justos injustosque discernere, bonos a malis quodam judicio separare.
that is, that, with the fountains of waters overflowing, vices might be endangered and righteousness alone reign; sins might be plunged into the deep, holiness be borne near to heaven. For then, as I have said, that was being done which is now done in the Church of Christ. For as by the water of Noah, all vices being drowned, the grown-up of sinners was borne away, so by the fountain of baptism the Church is borne near to heaven; and, all the superstitions of idols being cast down, faith reigns on earth, which proceeds from the ark of the Savior. Holy, therefore, and consecrated is the time of Lent, which from the very beginning at once began to discern between the just and the unjust, to separate the good from the evil by a certain judgment.
就是說,當眾水的泉源氾濫時,惡行遭遇危險,唯有公義掌權;罪被沉入深淵,聖潔被高舉近乎諸天。因為那時,如我所說,所行的正是如今在基督的教會中所行的。因為如同藉挪亞的水,一切惡行被淹沒,罪人的積聚被沖走,照樣藉洗禮的泉源,教會被高舉近乎諸天;並且偶像的一切迷信被拆毀,信德便在地上掌權,這信德是從救主的方舟而出的。所以,四旬期的時候是聖潔而被祝聖的,它從一開始就立即開始分辨義人與不義者,藉某種審判把善人與惡人分開。
131:7
Quod quidem similiter fieri etiam in hac nostra Quadragesimæ observatione perspicimus. Nam per hos quadraginta dies separantur mali a bonis, hoc est luxuriosus a casto, a jejuno u intemperans, a Christiano gentilis; separatur, inquam, maius a bono, hoc est peccator a justo, diabolus a sancto, hæreticus a fideli. Relictis enim his omnibus ad similitudinem diluvii, tanquam in 450 naufragio saeculi, sola ad instar arcæ iltius in altum cum suis virtutibus elevatur Ecclesia. Nam et nos, etsi peccatores, ad imitationem S. Noe annuntiamus vobis mundi futurum esse excidium; et illos tantummodo dicimus a periculum evasuros, quos triplex arca intra se gremio religionis incluserit.
And this indeed we perceive to happen likewise in this our observance of Lent. For through these forty days the evil are separated from the good—that is, the lustful from the chaste, the intemperate from the fasting man, the pagan from the Christian; separated, I say, is the evil man from the good, that is, the sinner from the just, the devil from the saint, the heretic from the faithful. For all these being left behind, after the likeness of the flood, as it were in the shipwreck of the world, the Church alone, like that ark, is lifted up on high with her virtues. For we too, though sinners, after the imitation of Saint Noah, announce to you that there is to be a destruction of the world; and we say that those only shall escape the peril whom the threefold ark shall have enclosed within itself in the bosom of religion.
而我們確實看見,同樣的事也在我們這四旬期的守節中發生。因為藉這四十天,惡人與善人被分開——就是說,淫蕩者與貞潔者、無節制者與禁食者、外邦人與基督徒被分開;我說,惡人與善人被分開,就是罪人與義人、魔鬼與聖徒、異端者與信徒被分開。因為這一切都被撇在後面,照著洪水的樣式,彷彿在世界的沉船之中,唯有教會如同那方舟,帶著她的眾美德被高舉到高處。因為我們雖是罪人,卻效法聖挪亞向你們宣告世界將要毀滅;並且我們說,唯有那些被三層的方舟接納在宗教的懷抱之內的人,才能逃脫危險。
131:8
Triplex enim area est Ecclesia, quia Trinitatis continet sacramentum. Nam cum dicit Scriptura bicameratam et tricameratam eam fuisse, utique demonstrat triplici Divinitatis illam gratia esse distinctam. Annuntiamus igitur, sicut Noe, mundi futurum esse nautragium, et ad hanc domum confugere omnes homines admonemus. Et sicut Noe filios suos in area recepit, ita et nos filios nostros optamus in ista area suscipere. Quisquis enim in hac domo vult habitare nobiscum, noster est filius. Sed dicit aliquis, S. Noe prædicationis vocem in Scripturis minime esse descriptam. Audi igitur, Noe etsi tacebat voce, opere loquebatur; silebat lingua, fabrica tione clamabat.
For the Church is a threefold ark, because it contains the sacrament of the Trinity. For when Scripture says that it was of two decks and of three decks, it certainly shows that it was distinguished by the threefold grace of the Divinity. We announce, therefore, as did Noah, that there is to be a shipwreck of the world, and we admonish all men to flee to this house. And as Noah received his sons into the ark, so we too desire to receive our sons into this ark. For whoever wishes to dwell in this house with us is our son. But someone says that the voice of the preaching of Saint Noah is by no means described in the Scriptures. Hear, then: Noah, though silent in voice, spoke by his work; though his tongue was silent, he cried out by his building.
因為教會是三層的方舟,因它包含三位一體的聖事。因為經上說方舟有兩層、有三層,這無疑顯明它是以神性三重的恩典來區分的。所以,我們像挪亞一樣宣告世界將要沉沒,並勸戒眾人逃奔到這房子裡。挪亞怎樣把兒子們接進方舟,我們也照樣渴望把我們的兒子們接進這方舟。因為凡願意與我們同住這房子裡的,就是我們的兒子。但有人說,聖經中並未記述聖挪亞傳道的聲音。那麼你要聽:挪亞雖然口中緘默,卻藉他的工作說話;他的舌頭雖然靜默,卻藉他的建造呼喊。
131:9
Nam utique cum operaretur opus novum, et nulli aliquando compertum, admonebat cunctos novis periculis nova tabernacula praeparari. Loquebatur ergo opere b, et dicebat illud evangelicum Domini dictum: Si mihi non creditis, operibus credite (Joan. x), et credendo periculum evadere poteritis, præstante Domino nostro Jcsu Christo, qui vivit et regnat cum Patre et Spiritu sancto in saecula saeculorum. Amen.
For certainly, when he was working a new work, one never at any time discovered by anyone, he was admonishing all men that new tabernacles must be prepared against new perils. He spoke, therefore, by his work, and was saying that evangelical word of the Lord: If you believe not Me, believe My works (John X); and by believing you shall be able to escape the peril, our Lord Jesus Christ granting it, who lives and reigns with the Father and the Holy Spirit forever and ever. Amen.
因為確實,當他作一件新的工作、一件從來無人發現過的工作時,他就是在勸戒眾人:為著新的危險,必須預備新的帳幕。所以他藉他的工作說話,並說著主那句福音的話:你們若不信我,就當因我所作的事信我(約翰福音第十章);你們藉著相信,就能逃脫危險,這是我主耶穌基督所賜的——祂與父並聖靈一同活著掌權,直到永永遠遠。阿們。
← ch. 130ch. 132 →
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