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都靈的馬克西姆斯

講道集 第 193 章

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193:1
615 Præcessit Muratorium, et Benedictinos monachos congr. S. Mauri in judicio nujus sermonis clarissimus cardinalis Baronius, qui in notis ad Martyrologium Romanum, ubi v non. April. memoriam agit de sanctis martyribus Ravennatensibus, docet sanctum Maximum ejus auctorem esse agnoscendum. Cum autem tam eximiorum virorum sententiæ utriusque codicis S. Crucis in Jerusaiem 90 et 99, et cod. Sangallensis accedant suffragia, eo tutius eidem S. antistiti Taurinensi contra codicem x Laurentianum Plut. XIY, et editionem Parisiensem Gillotii num. serm. 75 Ambrosio asserentes, a nobis ascribitur. Titulus in cod. S. Crucis 99 serm. 79. est: In natale sanctorum Cantianorum: in 90 vero serm. 13:
在穆拉托里烏斯和聖茂爾修會的本篤會修士之前,對於此篇講道的判斷,早有那最著名的巴洛尼烏斯樞機主教在先。他在《羅馬殉道錄》的註釋中,於四月九日(Nones 前第五日)記念拉溫納的聖殉道者時,教導說當承認聖瑪西模斯為此篇的作者。既然耶路撒冷聖十字堂的兩部抄本(編號 90 和 99)以及聖加倫抄本的證言,都附和這些卓越人士的見解,那麼我們就更穩妥地將它歸給這同一位都靈的聖主教——與勞倫齊亞納第十號抄本(第十四櫃)以及吉洛的巴黎版第 75 篇講道相反,後兩者將它歸給安波羅修。聖十字堂 99 號抄本第 79 篇講道的標題是:「論眾聖坎提亞尼的生辰」;而在 90 號抄本第 13 篇講道中則是:
Before Muratorius and the Benedictine monks of the congregation of St. Maur, in the judgment of this sermon there went the most illustrious Cardinal Baronius, who, in his notes on the Roman Martyrology, where on the fifth day before the Nones of April he treats of the memory of the holy Ravennate martyrs, teaches that holy Maximus is to be recognized as its author. And since the votes of both codices of Holy Cross in Jerusalem, 90 and 99, and of the codex of St. Gall, add to the opinion of such eminent men, the more safely is it ascribed by us to this same holy bishop of Turin — against the Laurentian codex X, Plut. XIV, and the Parisian edition of Gillot, sermon no. 75, which assign it to Ambrose. The title in the codex of Holy Cross 99, sermon 79, is: 'On the Birthday of the holy Cantiani'; but in 90, sermon 13:
193:2
De natale lictorum Canti, Cantiani et Cantianillæ; qui idem exstat In codice Sangallensi serm. 13. Hodie beatissimorum Canti, Caotiani et Cantianillæ natali; est. Quam bene et jucuode tres martyres uno pene vocabulo nuncupantur. Nec mirum a si similes sunt nomine qui sunt similes passione, si una est illis apud homines appellatio, quibus apud Deum una est vocatio. b Uniter enim vocati sunt a Domino, non interposito tempore aliter, et aliter passi, sed omnes eodem ictu pariter martyrium pertulerunt. Quod quidem illis c parentiva quadam a Cbristo affectione concessum est, ut congruerent meritis qui vocabulis concordabant; et qui erant consanguinitate fratres, fierent etiam sanctitate germani;
「論眾殉道者坎圖斯、坎提亞努斯和坎提亞尼拉的生辰」——這同一標題也載於聖加倫抄本第 13 篇講道中。「今日是至福的坎圖斯、坎提亞努斯和坎提亞尼拉的生辰。這三位殉道者以幾乎同一個名字被稱呼,是何等美好而愉悅。既然那些在受難上相同的人,在名字上也相同,這並不足為奇;那些在神面前有同一召命的人,在人間有同一稱呼,也不足為奇。因為他們是被主一同召的,不是在不同時候、以不同方式受苦,而是眾人一同以同一擊而忍受殉道。這確是基督以一種父親般的慈愛賜給他們的:使那些名字相合的人,功績也相稱;使那些憑血緣為兄弟的人,也在聖潔上成為真正的親兄弟;
'On the birthday of the martyrs Cantus, Cantianus, and Cantianilla' — which same title also stands in the St. Gall codex, sermon 13. 'Today is the birthday of the most blessed Cantus, Cantianus, and Cantianilla. How well and pleasantly are the three martyrs named by almost one name. Nor is it wonderful if they are alike in name who are alike in passion, if there is one appellation for them among men for whom there is one calling with God. For they were called together by the Lord, not suffering at one time in one way and at another in another way, but all alike endured martyrdom by the same blow. This indeed was granted to them by a certain fatherly affection on Christ's part, that those who agreed in their names might correspond in their merits; and that they who were brothers by kinship might become true brethren also in holiness;
193:3
et quorum membra unius corporis substantia vegetabat, eorum animas ejusdem fidei confessio coronaret. Refert autem de beatis supradictis historia, quod tempore passionis, cum eos persecutor ioquireret, ascenso vebiculo, junctis mulabus eos secedere voluisse, et cum non longe ab urbis moenibus Uer agerent, unum animat de. subjunctis subito corruisse, atque ita illos a persecutoribus comprehensos tentos ad pœnam. Quod factum, quam gloriosum sit, et a Divinitate dispositum, debemus. advertere. Nam, sicut Elias curru applicito quasi ascendit ad 616 coelum, ita et isti vehiculo admoto a4 martyrium pervenerunt; et quadriga sicut illum evexit ad requiem, ita et hos portavit ad gloriam.
「並使那些肢體因一個身體的實質而得生命的人,其靈魂也因同一信德的認信而得冠冕。如今那記述論及上述諸蒙福者說:在逼迫之時,當逼迫者搜尋他們,他們登上一輛套著騾子的車,想要退去;當他們行走離城牆不遠時,套車的牲口中有一頭忽然倒下,於是他們就被逼迫者所擒拿、扣押受刑。這件事是何等榮耀、又是由神性所安排的,我們當加以留意。因為正如以利亞藉著一輛靠近他的車彷彿升到天上,同樣,這些人也藉著一輛駛近的車抵達殉道;那四馬戰車怎樣將他載往安息,也照樣將這些人載往榮耀。
and that those whose members the substance of one body quickened, their souls the confession of the same faith might crown. Now the history relates concerning the above-mentioned blessed ones that, at the time of the persecution, when the persecutor was seeking them, they wished to withdraw, having mounted a vehicle with mules yoked to it; and when they were making their journey not far from the city walls, one of the harnessed beasts suddenly collapsed, and thus they were seized and held for punishment by the persecutors. How glorious this deed was, and disposed by the Godhead, we ought to observe. For, just as Elijah, with a chariot drawn up, as it were ascended to heaven, so these too, with a vehicle brought up, arrived at martyrdom; and as the four-horse chariot carried him to rest, so it carried these to glory.
193:4
Et quamvis illa ignea quadriga fuerit, hæc tamen inferior non habenda eat, quia illa unum gestavit prophetam, hæc tres martyres sustentavit. Sed dicet aliquis: gloriosius est gestari quadriga ignea quam terrena. d Non hoc plane defuit sanctis viris: nam, sicut Eliam ignea quadriga portabat, ita et martyres fides ignea jam ferebat. Ferebat, inquam, illos Christos, qui lumen eat, qui ignis est, de quo scriptum est: Dominus noster ignis consumens est (Deut. IV). Ergo cum beatos de quibus loquimur persecutor urgeret, vehiculum conscenderunt. Qua causa? ut fugerent? absit. Non ut fugerent, sed ut ad martyrium citius pervenirent;
「那雖是一輛火車,然而這一輛也不當看為遜色,因為那輛只載一位先知,這輛卻承載了三位殉道者。但有人要說:被火車載送比被地上的車載送更榮耀。這在聖人們身上顯然並不缺乏;因為正如火車載送以利亞,同樣,那火一般的信德也早已載送這些殉道者。我說,載送他們的是基督,祂是光、是火,論到祂經上記著:『我們的主乃是烈火』(申命記四章)。所以,當逼迫者逼近我們所論的那些蒙福者時,他們登上了那車。為甚麼緣故?為要逃跑嗎?斷乎不是。不是為要逃跑,而是為要更快抵達殉道;
And although that was a fiery chariot, yet this one is not to be held inferior, because that carried one prophet, this bore up three martyrs. But someone will say: it is more glorious to be carried by a fiery chariot than by an earthly one. This plainly was not lacking to the holy men; for just as the fiery chariot bore Elijah, so also the fiery faith already carried the martyrs. It carried them, I say — Christ, who is light, who is fire, of whom it is written: 'Our Lord is a consuming fire' (Deut. 4). Therefore, when the persecutor pressed upon the blessed ones of whom we speak, they mounted the vehicle. For what reason? That they might flee? Far from it. Not that they might flee, but that they might arrive at martyrdom more quickly;
193:5
non ut latitarent, sed ut Christianos se cunctis transeuntibus manifestius approbarent. Cæterum occultius inter plures in civitale latere potuerant, tutius per diversa singuli fugæ præsidium commendare. At vero, ubi quis congregatione habita stratis vehiculis apparatu disposito per aggerem publicum egreditur, illic non fuga dicenda est, sed profectus est. Sancti enim viri hoc facto velut in triumphall curru positi contestabantur, dicentes: Ecce persecutor, ecce proficiscimur, ecce præcedimus, quid resides ? quid moraris ? subsequere nostra vestigia; nolumus enim videri inviti duci ad poenam, qui præcedere nos profitemur ad floriam.
「不是為要隱藏,而是為要向一切過路人更明顯地證明自己是基督徒。否則他們原可更隱密地混在城中眾人之間隱藏,也可更安全地各自分道以逃跑作保障。但實在說來,當一個人聚集了一群人,把車套好、行裝備妥,沿著公路出去,那就不當稱為逃跑,乃是出征。因為聖人們藉這一舉,彷彿坐在凱旋的戰車上作見證說:『看哪,逼迫者,看哪,我們出發了,看哪,我們走在前頭;你為何逗留?你為何耽延?跟隨我們的腳蹤吧;因為我們既宣認要走在前頭奔向榮耀,就不願顯得是被勉強牽去受刑的。』」
not that they might lie hidden, but that they might more manifestly prove themselves Christians to all who passed by. Otherwise they could more secretly have lain hidden among the many within the city, and more safely, singly and through various ways, have entrusted themselves to the safeguard of flight. But truly, when a man, having gathered a company, with the vehicles harnessed and the equipage arranged, goes out along the public highway, that is not to be called a flight, but a setting-forth. For the holy men, by this deed, as though set in a triumphal chariot, bore witness, saying: 'Behold, persecutor, behold, we set forth, behold, we go before; why do you tarry? why do you delay? follow our footsteps; for we who profess to go before to glory do not wish to seem led unwillingly to punishment.'
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