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都靈的馬克西姆斯

講道集 第 201 章

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201:1
Exstat hic quoque sermo S. Maximi inscriptus nomine in Veneto codice S. Marci, cujus memini admonitione superiore. Neque vero quin ei sancto antistiti tribuendus sit, dubitare sinit fluens, gravis, ornata, delectuque sententiarum instructa, uno verbo, Maximo plane digna oratio. Domino Deo nostro laudes læti canimus, dum sanctorum martyrum festa celebramus, quos divina anxiliante gratia roboratos audivimus, et in tormenlis invictos. Dedit enim illis virtutem et consolationem, qui prior et pro iHs, et pro nobis subire dignatus est passionem, et dedit eis exsultationem copiosam, illis in cœlis promittendo mercedem;
這篇講道同樣題著聖馬克西姆斯之名,存於聖馬爾谷的威尼斯抄本中,這抄本我在前面的按語裡已經提及。這篇流暢、莊重、華美,兼備精選思想的講論——一言以蔽之,一篇顯然配得上馬克西姆斯的演說——實在不容我們懷疑它必當歸於那位聖潔的主教。「我們歡然向我們的主神歌唱讚美,當我們慶祝聖潔殉道者的節期時,我們聽聞他們因神恩典的幫助而得堅固,在酷刑中不被征服。因為那先俯就為他們並為我們忍受苦難的主,賜給他們力量與安慰,又賜給他們豐盛的歡騰,應許他們在天上的賞賜;」
This sermon too exists inscribed with the name of St. Maximus in the Venetian codex of St. Mark, of which I made mention in the earlier note. Nor indeed does the flowing, weighty, ornate discourse, furnished with a choice selection of sentiments—in a word, an oration plainly worthy of Maximus—allow us to doubt that it must be attributed to that holy prelate. 'We joyfully sing praises to the Lord our God, while we celebrate the feasts of the holy martyrs, whom we have heard were strengthened by the aid of divine grace, and unconquered amid torments. For He gave them strength and consolation who first deigned to undergo suffering both for them and for us, and gave them abundant exultation, promising them a reward in heaven;'
201:2
at nunc cum lectio Evangelii legeretur, audistis consolationem, eis Dominum dicentem: Cum autem audieritis bella, et opinionem bellorum, ne timueritis; opertet enim hæc fieri, sed nondum finis (Luc.XXI). Præmonuit ergo Dominus et Salvator noster discipulos suos, et per eos nos docuit secundo, terrores et persecutiones, diversitatemque tribulationum a persequentibus irrogatas fortiter spernere, et vitæ æternæ consolatione refoveri. Et quia nobis saepius, peccatis nostris exigentibus, contingunt, ideo mores et conversationem nostram semper in melius commutare debemus, deserere vitia, et crescere in virtutibus sanctis de die in diem, contumelias et cruciatus huius sæculi patientissime tolerare;
但如今,當福音的經課宣讀時,你們聽見了那安慰,就是主對他們說的:「你們聽見打仗和打仗的風聲,不要驚慌;這些事是必須有的,只是末期還沒有到。」(路加福音二十一章)所以我們的主和救主預先警戒祂的門徒,並藉著他們再次教導我們,要剛強地藐視逼迫者所加的恐懼、逼迫和各樣患難,並以永生的安慰得著甦醒。因為這些事按我們罪的當受,愈發常臨到我們,所以我們理當常常改變我們的行為與生活方式歸於更好,撇棄惡習,日日在聖潔的德行上長進,並極其忍耐地擔當這世代的凌辱與苦刑;
but now, when the reading of the Gospel was read, you heard the consolation, the Lord saying to them: 'But when you shall hear of wars and rumours of wars, fear not; for these things must come to pass, but the end is not yet' (Luke 21). Our Lord and Saviour, therefore, forewarned His disciples, and through them taught us in the second place, bravely to spurn the terrors and persecutions, and the diversity of tribulations inflicted by persecutors, and to be refreshed by the consolation of eternal life. And because these things happen to us the more often, as our sins demand, we ought therefore always to change our ways and manner of life for the better, to forsake vices, and to grow in holy virtues from day to day, and most patiently to bear the reproaches and torments of this age;
201:3
ut dicatur de nobis illud quod in psalmo canitur: Ibunt sancti de virtute in virtutem (Psal. LXXXIII). Hoc vero exemplum nobis Christus reliquit, qui pro nobis suum sanguinem fudit. Omnis ergo Christianus consideret quo censetur vocabulo, ut Christum in omnibus, quantum ejus largiente gratia valet, imitetur; nt sicut est particeps ipsius nominis, sic imitator sit et operis. Honores ac dignitates sæculi, amore regni coelestis, pronihilo ducat; et si facultates terrenae deiiciunt, nequaquam per rapinam et fraudem acquirantur in mundo. Si autem habentur, non per avaritiam diligantur in seculo, sed per eleemosynarum largitatem permansuræ serventur in ceelo.
好使詩篇中所歌唱的話得以論到我們:「聖民要從力量進到力量。」(詩篇八十四篇)基督確實給我們留下了這榜樣,祂為我們流出了自己的血。所以,每個基督徒都當思想他是以甚麼名相稱的,好使他在凡事上,按祂所賜恩典的能力,效法基督;使他既有分於祂的名,也作效法祂工作的人。他當為愛慕天國的緣故,把世上的尊榮與地位視為無有;他若缺乏地上的財物,斷不可在世上藉搶奪與詭詐去獲取。他若擁有財物,就不可在世上因貪婪而愛戀它們,倒要藉施捨的慷慨保存它們,好存留在天上。
that there may be said of us that which is sung in the psalm: 'The saints shall go from strength to strength' (Ps. 83). This example indeed Christ left us, who shed His blood for us. Let every Christian, therefore, consider by what name he is reckoned, that he may imitate Christ in all things, as far as by His bestowed grace he is able; that as he is a partaker of His very name, so he may be an imitator also of His work. Let him count as nothing the honours and dignities of the world, for love of the heavenly kingdom; and if earthly goods fail him, let them by no means be acquired in the world through robbery and fraud. But if they are possessed, let them not be loved through avarice in the world, but let them be preserved through the bounty of almsgiving, to remain in heaven.
201:4
Accendere igitur, Christiane, cum sanctis martyribus simili dilectionisardore; et si hoc tempore non erit tanta contra carnales persecutores certandi neeessitas, sit etiam contra sprituales hostes, et contra carnis certandi constantia. Nam etsi nunc a pagano non inferuntur tormenta quæ sufferas, offeruntor tamen a diabolo tentamenta quae necesse est ut superes. Nam et paganus manu cruenta desæviens Christi martyres trucidabat; diabolus autem subdolis tentationibus fallens, Christi fideles eo periculosius, quo occultius, cruciat. Tunc paganus leonis ferocitate desæviens, ad idololatriam compulit, nunc diabolus serpentino dente suadens, perfidiæ virus infudit.
所以,基督徒啊,你當以與聖潔殉道者相同的愛之熱誠激發自己;縱使在此時沒有那麼大的必要去與屬肉體的逼迫者爭戰,也當有堅定去與屬靈的仇敵並與肉體爭戰。因為縱使如今沒有異教徒加於你當忍受的酷刑,魔鬼卻擺出你必須勝過的試探。因為異教徒也曾以血手發怒,屠殺基督的殉道者;但魔鬼以詭詐的試探迷惑,愈隱密就愈危險地折磨基督的信徒。從前異教徒以獅子的兇猛發怒,強迫人拜偶像;如今魔鬼以蛇牙勸誘,注入背信的毒液。
Kindle thyself, therefore, O Christian, with a like ardour of love with the holy martyrs; and if at this time there be not so great a necessity of contending against carnal persecutors, let there be steadfastness in contending also against spiritual enemies, and against the flesh. For although now torments are not inflicted by the pagan for thee to endure, yet temptations are offered by the devil which thou must needs overcome. For the pagan too, raging with bloody hand, slaughtered the martyrs of Christ; but the devil, deceiving with crafty temptations, torments the faithful of Christ the more perilously the more secretly. Then the pagan, raging with the ferocity of a lion, compelled to idolatry; now the devil, persuading with a serpent's tooth, has poured in the poison of perfidy.
201:5
Paganus occidendo martyres mittebat ad regnum; 635 diabolus seducendo, secum ducit ad ignem 'eternum. INi ergo vicerunt tolerando supplicia pagani tortoris; tu vince contemnendo innumera tentamenta diaboli seductoris. Illi fortiter restiterunt pagano sævienti; tu vigilanter resiste diabolo seducenti, Christi fretus auxilio. Pro catholicæ fidei veritate usqqe ad finem fortiter certa, et mercedem securus exspecta. Trinum Dominum, id est Patrem, et Filium, et Spiritum sanctum unius substantiæ confitere, si vis reguum cœloram eum sanctis omNibus possi4ere. Ab hae salubri cefessione non seducaris illectus temporatibus praemiis; ne a Christo infeliciter separeris, et gehennæ incendiis crucieris.
異教徒藉殺害殉道者,把他們送往天國;魔鬼藉引誘,把人與自己一同帶往永火。所以他們藉忍受異教施刑者的酷刑而得勝;你當藉藐視魔鬼引誘者無數的試探而得勝。他們剛強地抵擋那發怒的異教徒;你當警醒地抵擋那引誘的魔鬼,倚靠基督的幫助。為大公信德的真理剛強爭戰,直到末了,並穩妥地等候你的賞賜。你若願與眾聖徒一同承受天國,就當宣認那三位一體的主,就是父、子、聖靈,同屬一個本質。不要被短暫的賞賜所誘惑,離棄這使人得救的宣認;免得你不幸地與基督隔絕,在地獄的火中受苦。
The pagan, by slaying the martyrs, sent them to the kingdom; the devil, by seducing, leads them with himself to eternal fire. They, therefore, overcame by enduring the torments of the pagan torturer; do thou overcome by despising the countless temptations of the devil the seducer. They bravely resisted the raging pagan; do thou watchfully resist the seducing devil, relying on the help of Christ. For the truth of the catholic faith contend bravely even to the end, and securely await thy reward. Confess the triune Lord, that is, the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit, of one substance, if thou wilt possess the kingdom of heaven with all the saints. From this salutary confession be not seduced, enticed by temporal rewards; lest thou be unhappily separated from Christ, and be tormented in the fires of Gehenna.
201:6
636 Si enim mundanas prosperitates atque adversitates in contemptu habere didiceris, etiamsi tormenta tibi pro Christi nomine inferantur, nullatenus formidabis. Tantum in tua virlule nunquam confidas, si victor esse desideras. Sit tibi Christus spes certa, qui est virtus invicta, ne a spe retributionis animus Chri. stiani frangatur. Quoniam sicut in certamine virtus devota et stabilis muneralur, sic in pace fidelis conscientia coronatur. Per Dominum nostrum Jesum Christum, qui vivit et regnat in unitate Spiritus sancti Deus per omnia sæcula saeculorum. Amen.
因為你若學會了輕看世上的順境與逆境,即使有酷刑為基督之名加在你身上,你也絕不懼怕。只是你若渴望作得勝者,就永不可倚靠自己的力量。願基督作你確定的盼望,祂就是那不被征服的力量,免得基督徒的心從賞報的盼望中被折斷。因為正如在爭戰中,虔誠堅定的德行得賞賜,照樣在平安中,忠信的良心得冠冕。藉著我們的主耶穌基督,祂在聖靈的合一裡活著作王,是神,直到萬世萬代。阿們。
For if thou hast learned to hold in contempt worldly prosperity and adversity, even if torments be inflicted on thee for the name of Christ, thou wilt in no wise be afraid. Only in thine own strength never trust, if thou desirest to be a victor. Let Christ be to thee a sure hope, who is the unconquered strength, lest the mind of the Christian be broken from the hope of recompense. For as in the contest devoted and steadfast virtue is rewarded, so in peace a faithful conscience is crowned. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, who lives and reigns in the unity of the Holy Spirit, God, through all the ages of ages. Amen.
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