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游斯丁護教辭與對話 第 3-91 章

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3-91:1
Καὶ γὰρ δι ἄλλου μηνύων τὴν ἰσχὺν τοῦ μυστηρίου τοῦ σταυροῦ θεὸς διὰ Μωσέως εἶπεν ἐν εὐλογίᾳ, ἣν εὐλόγει τὸν Ἰωσήφ. Ἀπὸ εὐλογίας κυρίου γῆ αὐτοῦ, ἀπὸ ὡρῶν οὐρανοῦ καὶ δρόσων, καὶ ἀπὸ ἀβύσσου πηγῶν κάτωθεν, καὶ καθ ὥραν γεννημάτων ἡλίου τροπῶν, καὶ ἀπὸ συνόδων μηνῶν, καὶ ἀπὸ κορυφῆς ὀρέων ἀρχῆς, καὶ ἀπὸ κορυφῆς βουνῶν, καὶ ποταμῶν ἀεννάων, καὶ καρπῶν γῆς πληρώσεως. Καὶ τὰ δεκτὰ τῷ ὀφθέντι ἐν τῇ βάτῳ ἔλθοισαν ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν Ἰωσὴφ καὶ ἐπὶ κορυφῆς. Δοξασθεὶς ἐν ἀδελφοῖς πρωτότοκος, ταύρου τὸ κάλλος αὐτοῦ, κέρατα μονοκέρωτος τὰ κέρατα αὐτοῦ, ἐν αὐτοῖς ἔθνη κερατιεῖ ἅμα ἕως ἀπὸ ἄκρου τῆς γῆς
因為神確實藉另一例子表明十字架奧祕的能力,藉摩西在祝福約瑟的話中說:「他的地必蒙耶和華賜福,得天上的時令與甘露,得地下深淵的泉源,按時得日頭運轉所結的出產,得月分相會所結的,得古山之巔最美之物,得永世小山之巔的佳物,得長流之河與遍地豐盛的果實。願那在荊棘中顯現之主所悅納的,臨到約瑟的頭上、他的頂上。他在弟兄中被尊為首生的得榮耀,他的俊美如公牛,他的角如獨角獸的角;他必用這角抵觸列國,直到地極。」
For indeed, signifying through another instance the power of the mystery of the cross, God spoke through Moses in the blessing with which he blessed Joseph: 'From the blessing of the Lord is his land, from the seasons of heaven and the dews, and from the deep of the springs below, and according to the season of the produce of the sun's turnings, and from the conjunctions of the months, and from the top of the ancient mountains, and from the top of the everlasting hills, and from the ever-flowing rivers, and from the fullness of the fruits of the earth. And let the things acceptable to Him who appeared in the bush come upon the head of Joseph and upon his crown. Glorified among his brethren as firstborn, his beauty is as that of a bull; his horns are the horns of a unicorn; with them he shall gore the nations together, even to the ends of the earth.'
3-91:2
Μονοκέρωτος γὰρ κέρατα οὐδενὸς ἄλλου πράγματος σχήματος ἔχοι ἄν τις εἰπεῖν καὶ ἀποδεῖξαι, εἰ μὴ τοῦ τύπου ὃς τὸν σταυρὸν δείκνυσιν. Ὄρθιον γὰρ τὸ ἕν ἐστι ξύλον, ἀφ οὗ ἐστι τὸ ἀνώτατον μέρος εἰς κέρας ὑπερηρμένον, ὅταν τὸ ἄλλο ξύλον προσαρμοσθῇ, καὶ ἑκατέρωθεν ὡς κέρατα τῷ ἑνὶ κέρατι παρεζευγμένα τὰ ἄκρα φαίνηται· καὶ τὸ ἐν τῷ μέσῳ πηγνύμενον ὡς κέρας καὶ αὐτὸ ἐξέχον ἐστίν, ἐφ ἐποχοῦνται οἱ σταυρούμενοι, καὶ βλέπεται ὡς κέρας καὶ αὐτὸ σὺν τοῖς ἄλλοις κέρασι συνεσχηματισμένον καὶ πεπηγμένον
因為人若不指那代表十字架的預表,就無法說出或證明獨角獸的角還能屬於任何別的物件或形狀。因為有一根直立的木頭,從它最高之處有頂端像角一般高聳起來;當另一根木頭裝上去時,兩邊的末端就顯出如角,連於那一隻角上;那釘在中間的木頭也像一隻角,從中突出來——被釘的人就騎坐在這上面——它也被看作一隻角,與其餘的角一同構成、一同釘定。
For one could not say or demonstrate that the horns of a unicorn pertain to any other object or figure than to the type that represents the cross. For there is one upright piece of wood, from whose topmost part the highest part rises up like a horn; and when the other piece of wood is fitted on, the ends appear on either side like horns joined to the one horn; and the piece fixed in the middle, like a horn, projects out from it too—on which those being crucified are mounted—and it too is seen as a horn, shaped together and fixed along with the other horns.
3-91:3
Καὶ τὸ Ἐν αὐτοῖς ἔθνη κερατιεῖ ἅμα ἕως ἀπ ἄκρου τῆς γῆς δηλωτικόν ἐστι τοῦ νῦν γεγενημένου πράγματος ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ἔθνεσι. Κερατισθέντες γάρ, τουτέστι κατανυγέντες, οἱ ἐκ πάντων τῶν ἐθνῶν διὰ τούτου τοῦ μυστηρίου εἰς τὴν θεοσέβειαν ἐτράπησαν ἀπὸ τῶν ματαίων εἰδώλων καὶ δαιμόνων, τοῖς δὲ ἀπίστοις τὸ αὐτὸ σχῆμα εἰς κατάλυσιν καὶ καταδίκην δηλοῦται· ὃν τρόπον ἐν τῷ ἀπ Αἰγύπτου ἐξελθόντι λαῷ διά τε τοῦ τύπου τῆς ἐκτάσεως τῶν χειρῶν τοῦ Μωσέως καὶ τῆς τοῦ Ναυῆ υἱοῦ ἐπικλήσεως τοῦ ὀνόματος Ἰησοῦ Ἀμαλὴκ μὲν ἡττᾶτο, Ἰσραὴλ δὲ ἐνίκα
「他必用這角抵觸列國,直到地極」這句話,正指明如今在萬國中所成就的事。因為從萬國而來的人既被抵觸——就是內心被刺透——便藉這奧祕,離棄虛妄的偶像和鬼魔,歸向了對神的敬拜;而對不信的人,這同一形狀卻顯為他們的毀滅與定罪;正如在出埃及之百姓的事上,藉著摩西伸手的預表,並嫩之子稱呼耶穌之名,亞瑪力人就敗了,以色列卻得勝。
And the phrase 'With them he shall gore the nations together, even to the ends of the earth' is indicative of what has now come to pass among all the nations. For having been gored—that is, pricked to the heart—those from all the nations have been turned through this mystery to the worship of God, away from vain idols and demons; while to the unbelieving the same figure is shown to be for their dissolution and condemnation; just as in the case of the people who came out of Egypt, through both the type of the stretching out of the hands of Moses and the invocation of the name of Jesus by the son of Nun, Amalek was defeated while Israel prevailed.
3-91:4
Καὶ διὰ τοῦ τύπου δὲ καὶ σημείου τοῦ κατὰ τῶν δακόντων τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ὄφεων ἀνάθεσις φαίνεται γεγενημένη ἐπὶ σωτηρίᾳ τῶν πιστευόντων,, ] ὅτι διὰ τοῦ σταυροῦσθαι μέλλοντος θάνατος γενήσεσθαι ἔκτοτε προεκηρύσσετο τῷ ὄφει, σωτηρία δὲ τοῖς καταδακνομένοις ὑπ αὐτοῦ καὶ προσφεύγουσι τῷ τὸν ἐσταυρωμένον υἱὸν αὐτοῦ πέμψαντι εἰς τὸν κόσμον· οὐ γὰρ ἐπὶ ὄφιν ἡμᾶς πιστεύειν τὸ προφητικὸν πνεῦμα διὰ Μωσέως ἐδίδασκεν, ὁπότε καὶ κατηρᾶσθαι αὐτὸν τὴν ἀρχὴν ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ δηλοῖ, καὶ ἐν τῷ Ἡσαίᾳ ἀναιρεθήσεσθαι ὡς πολέμιον διὰ τῆς μεγάλης μαχαίρας, ἥτις ἐστὶν Χριστός, σημαίνει
又藉著那為對付咬以色列人之蛇所立的預表和記號,那「舉起」之事顯然是為了信者的得救而成就的——因為從那時起,就向蛇預先宣告:死亡要藉那將被釘十字架的那一位臨到牠,而得救卻要臨到那些被牠所咬、卻逃奔到那差遣祂被釘十字架的兒子進入世界之主那裡的人。因為那預言的靈藉摩西並不是教我們去信一條蛇,既然經上表明蛇從起初就被神咒詛了,並在以賽亞書中指明蛇要像仇敵一樣,被那大刀(就是基督)所除滅。
And through the type and sign set up against the serpents that bit Israel, the lifting up appears to have taken place for the salvation of those who believe—because from then on it was proclaimed beforehand to the serpent that death would come about through Him who was to be crucified, but salvation to those bitten by it who flee for refuge to the One who sent His crucified Son into the world. For the prophetic Spirit did not teach us through Moses to believe in a serpent, since it shows that he was cursed by God from the beginning, and in Isaiah signifies that he will be destroyed as an enemy by the great sword, which is Christ.
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