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教牧守則·對話錄與書信 第 83 章

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83:1
Prioribus quoque Gothorum temporibus fuit juxta Spoletanam urbem v'r vitro venerabilis d Isaac nomine. qui usque ad extrema pene Gothorum tempora pervenit, quem nostrorum multi noverunt, et maxime sacra virgo Gregoria, q'tac nunc in hac Romana urbo juxta Ecclesiam beatæ Mariæ semper virginis habilat. Quae dum adolescentiæ suæ tempore constitutis jam nuptiis in ecclesiam fugisset, et sanctimonialis vitæ conversationem quaereret, ab eodem viro defensa, atque ad eum quem desiderabat habitum, Domino protegente, perducta est. Quae quia sponsum fugit in terra, habere sponsum meruit in cœlo, Multa autcm de eodem viro, narrante venerabili Patre Eleutherio, agnovi, qui et hunc familiariter noverat.
還有在哥德人較早的時期,斯波萊托城附近有一位生活可敬的人,名叫以撒,他幾乎活到哥德時代之末。我們的人中有許多認識他,尤其是聖童貞女額我略(Gregoria),她如今住在羅馬城中、常童貞聖瑪利亞教堂的旁邊。她在年輕時,婚事既已議定,卻逃入一座教堂,尋求度奉獻的聖潔生活;她蒙這同一位聖者護庇,並在天主的保守下,被領到她所渴望的會衣。因她在地上逃避了新郎,就配得在天上有一位新郎。關於這同一位聖者,我從可敬的長老厄琉德里烏斯的敘述中得知許多事;他既親密地認識這人,
Also in the earlier times of the Goths there was near the city of Spoleto a man of venerable life named Isaac, who lived on almost to the very end of the Gothic era. Many of our people knew him, and especially the holy virgin Gregoria, who now dwells in this city of Rome beside the Church of blessed Mary ever-virgin. She, in the time of her youth, when her marriage had already been arranged, had fled into a church and sought the way of consecrated life; and, defended by this same man, she was, under God's protection, brought to that habit which she desired. And because she fled a bridegroom on earth, she was found worthy to have a Bridegroom in heaven. Now I learned many things about this same man from the account of the venerable Father Eleutherius, who both knew him intimately
83:2
et ejus verbis vita fidem praebebat. Hic itaque venerabilis Isaac ortus ex Italia non fuit, sed ea illius narro miracula quae conversatus in Italia fecit. Cum primum de Syriæ partibus ad Spoletanam urbem venisset! ingressus ecclesiam a custodibus petiit ut sibi quantum vellet 304 licentia concederetur orandi, eumque horis secretioribus egredi non urgerent. Qui mox ad orandum stetit, diemque totum peregit in oratione, cui sequentem continuavit et noctem. Secundo etiam die, cum nocte subsequenti indefessus in precibus verstilit, diem quoque tertium in oratione conjunxit. Cumque hoc unus ex custodibus superbiae spiritu innatus cerneret, unde proficere debuit, inde ad defectus damna pervenit.
也藉自己的言語和生活為他作了見證。這位可敬的以撒並非生於義大利,我所述說的乃是他寓居義大利時所行的神蹟。當他初次從敘利亞地區來到斯波萊托城時,進入教堂,向看守者請求准許他隨意祈禱,並在更隱密的時辰不催逼他離開。他隨即站起祈禱,整日都在禱告中度過,又接著連禱了一整夜。第二天以及隨後的夜間,他也孜孜不倦地持守禱告,又把第三天同樣接續在禱告之中。當一個看守者因驕傲之靈而自高自大,看見這事,本應使他得益之事,反倒使他陷入虧損與敗亡。
and by his very words and life gave credit to him. This venerable Isaac, then, was not born in Italy; rather I relate those miracles of his which he performed while dwelling in Italy. When he first came from the region of Syria to the city of Spoleto, he entered the church and asked the keepers that he be granted leave to pray as long as he wished, and that they not press him to leave during the more secluded hours. He straightway stood up to pray, and passed the whole day in prayer, to which he joined the following night as well. On the second day too, with the night that followed, he persevered untiring in his prayers, and joined a third day likewise in prayer. And when one of the keepers, puffed up with a spirit of pride, beheld this, the very thing whereby he ought to have profited became for him an occasion of loss and ruin.
83:3
Nam hunc simulatorem dicere, et verbo rustico coepit impostorem clamare, qui se tribus diebus et noctibu, arare ante oculos hominum demonstraret. Qui protinus currens, virum Dei alapa percussit, ut, quasi religiosæ vitæ simulator, de ecclesia cnm contumelia exiret. Sed hunc repente ultor spiritus invasti, et ad viri Dei vestigia stravit, ac per os illius clamare cœpit:Isaac me ejicit. Vir quippe peregrinus quo censeretur nomine nesciebatur, sed ejus nomen ille spiritus prodidit, qui se ab illo posse ejici clamavit. Mox autem super vexati corpus vir Dei incubuit, et malignus spiritus qui eum invaserat abscessit. In tota urbe tunc statim quid in ecclesia factum fuisset in notuit.
因為他開始稱這人為偽裝者,並以粗俗之言喊他是騙子,說他在眾人眼前故意做出禱告三晝三夜的樣子。他立時跑上前,掌摑這位神人,要叫這假冒虔修生活的人蒙羞離開教堂。然而突然間,一個施報的邪靈附在這看守者身上,把他摔倒在神人腳前,藉他的口喊叫說:「以撒把我趕出去了!」原來這位客旅該以何名相稱本不為人所知,但那自稱能被他趕出的邪靈,卻透露了他的名字。於是這神人俯身在那受折磨者的身上,那侵入他的惡靈便離去了。當下整座城都知道了教堂裡所發生的事。
For he began to call the man a pretender, and with rustic speech to cry out that he was an impostor, who would display himself before men's eyes praying for three days and nights. Running up at once, he struck the man of God with the flat of his hand, that as a mere counterfeit of the religious life he might go forth from the church in disgrace. But suddenly an avenging spirit seized this keeper and cast him down at the feet of the man of God, and began to cry out through his mouth: 「Isaac casts me forth!」 For the pilgrim was not known by what name he should be called, but the very spirit which cried that it could be cast out by him betrayed his name. Then the man of God bent over the body of the tormented man, and the malignant spirit that had invaded him departed. At once it became known throughout the whole city what had been done in the church.
83:4
Currere viri et feminae nobiles atque ignobiles pariter coeperunt, certatimque eum in suis rapere domibus conabantur. Alii ad construendum monasterium prædia, alii pecunias, alii subsidia quaeque poderant, offerre viro Dei suppliciter volebant. Sed servus omnipotentis Domini borum nihil accipiens, egressus orbem non longe desertum locum reperit, ibique sibi humile habitaculum construxit. Ad quem dum multi pergunt, exemplo illius æternæ vitæ accendi desiderio cœperunt, atque sub ejas magisterio in omnipotentis se Domiti servitium dederunt.
無論貴賤,男男女女都一同奔來,爭先恐後地想把他搶到自己家中。有人願獻田產給神人建修道院,有人獻銀錢,有人獻上力所能及的一切資助,都謙卑地懇求他收下。但這位全能之主的僕人一概不受,出去在不遠處尋得一片荒蕪之地,在那裡為自己築了一座簡陋的居所。許多人來到他這裡,因他的榜樣而燃起對那永生的渴慕,並在他的教導下獻身服事全能的主。
Men and women, noble and common alike, began to run together, and vied with one another in their eagerness to carry him off into their own houses. Some wished to offer the man of God lands for the building of a monastery, some money, some whatever assistance they could, and did so as suppliants. But the servant of the almighty Lord, accepting none of these things, went out into the world and found a deserted place not far off, and there built himself a lowly dwelling. As many resorted to him, they were kindled by his example with a desire for that eternal life, and under his instruction gave themselves to the service of the almighty Lord.
83:5
Cumque ei crebro discipuli a humiliter imminerent, ut pro usu monasterii possessiones quae offerebantur acciperet, ille sollicitus suae paupertatis custos fortom sententiam tenebat, dicens: Monachus qui in terra b possessionem quaerit monachus non est. Sic quippe metuebat paupertatis suæ securhatem perdere, sicut avari divites solent perituras divitias custodire. Ibi itaque prophetiæ spiritu magnisque miraculis cunctis longe lateque habitantibus vita ejus inclaruit. Nam die quadam ad vesperum in hortum monasterii fecit jactari ferramenta, quae usitato nos nomine vangas vocamus. Dixit itaquc discipulis suis: Tot vangas in hortum projicite, et citius redite.
門徒屢次謙卑地力勸他,為修道院之用收下人所奉獻的產業,他卻謹慎地守護自己的清貧,堅持這句話說:「在地上尋求產業的修士,就不是修士。」因為他惟恐失去清貧的穩妥,正如貪婪的富人慣於守護他們必朽的財富一樣。於是在那裡,他因先知之靈與偉大的神蹟,使他的生平在遠近所有居民中聲名遠播。有一天傍晚,他吩咐把一些鐵器丟到修道院的園子裡——就是我們常稱作「鏟」的那種。他對門徒說:「把這麼多把鏟丟進園子裡,然後快回來。」
And when his disciples frequently urged him humbly to accept the possessions that were offered, for the use of the monastery, he, being a careful guardian of his own poverty, held firmly to this saying: 「A monk who seeks possession on earth is no monk.」 For he feared to lose the security of his poverty as much as covetous rich men are wont to guard their perishable riches. There, then, by the spirit of prophecy and by great miracles, his life became renowned among all who dwelt far and wide. For on a certain day toward evening he had iron tools cast out into the garden of the monastery—those which by our common name we call spades. And so he said to his disciples: 「Cast so many spades into the garden, and return quickly.」
83:6
Nocte vero eadem dum ex more cum fratrihus ad exhibendas laudes Domino surrexisset, praece. pit, dicens: Ite et operariis nostris pulmentum coqutte, ut mane primo paratum sit. Facto autem mane, fecit deferri pulmentum quod parari jusserat, atque hortum cum fratribus ingressus, quot vangas jactari præceperat, tot in eo laborantes operarios invenit. ingressi quippe fures fuerant, sed mutata mente per spiritum apprehenderunt vangas quas invenerunt, et ab 305 ea hora qua ingressi sunt, quousque vir Domini ad eos veniret, cuncta horti illius spatia quæ inculta fuerant coluerunt. Quibus vir Domini mox ut ingressus est, ait: Gaudete, fratres, multum laborastis, jam quiescite.
但就在那夜,當他照例與弟兄們起身向主獻讚美時,他吩咐說:「你們去為我們的工人煮些菜餚,好叫天一亮就備妥。」到了早晨,他叫人把先前吩咐預備的菜餚端出來,就與弟兄們進入園子,發現園中做工的工人數目,正與他先前吩咐丟入的鏟數相同。原來有賊闖了進來,但他們的心被聖靈轉變,便拿起所發現的鏟,從進來的那一刻起,直到主的僕人來到他們那裡,把那園子一切荒廢未耕之地全都耕作了。主的僕人一進到他們中間,就說:「弟兄們,歡喜吧,你們勞苦得多了,如今且歇息吧。」
But that same night, when he had risen according to custom with the brethren to render praises to the Lord, he gave charge, saying: 「Go and cook a dish for our workmen, that it may be ready at earliest morning.」 And when morning came, he had the dish brought out which he had ordered to be prepared, and entering the garden with the brethren, he found as many laborers at work in it as he had commanded spades to be cast. For thieves had entered, but with their minds changed by the Spirit they had taken up the spades they found, and from the very hour they entered until the man of the Lord should come to them, they had cultivated all the spaces of that garden which had lain untilled. As soon as the man of the Lord entered among them, he said: 「Rejoice, brethren; you have labored much—now rest.」
83:7
Quibus it ico alimenta quae detulerat præbuit, eosque post tanti laboris fatigationem refecit. Suffi ienter autem refcctis ait: Nolite malum facere, sed quoties de horto aliquid vultis, ad horti aditum venite, tranquille petite, cum benedictione percipite, et a furti pravitate cessate. Quos statim collectis oleribus onustari feciL Actumque est ut qui ad hortum nocituri venerant cum laboris sui praemio et repleti ab eo et in. nocui redirent. Alio quoque tempore accesserunt ad eum peregrini quidam misericordam postulantes, scissis vestibus, pannis obsiti, ita ut pene nudi viderentur. Cumque hunc vestimenta peterent, eorum verba vir Domini tacitus audivit;
隨即把他所帶來的食物擺在他們面前,在如此辛勞的疲乏之後使他們得飽足。他們吃飽後,他說:「不要行惡;凡你們想從園中取甚麼,就到園門來,安然求討,蒙祝福領受,並要止息偷竊的邪行。」隨即他叫人把他們所採的菜蔬滿載而歸。如此,那些原想到園中作惡的人,反倒既得了勞力的酬報而飽足,又平安無傷地回去了。又有一次,有些客旅來到他這裡求憐憫,衣衫破爛,身披襤褸,幾乎看似赤身。當他們向他求衣服時,主的僕人默默地聽了他們的話;
And forthwith he set before them the food he had brought, and refreshed them after the weariness of so great a toil. When they were sufficiently refreshed, he said: 「Do no evil; but whenever you want anything from the garden, come to the garden's entrance, ask peacefully, receive it with a blessing, and cease from the wickedness of theft.」 And at once he had them loaded down with the vegetables they had gathered. And so it came to pass that those who had come to the garden to do it harm returned both filled by him with the reward of their labor and unharmed. At another time also, certain pilgrims came to him asking for mercy, with torn garments, clothed in rags, so that they appeared almost naked. And when they begged him for clothing, the man of the Lord listened to their words in silence;
83:8
qui unum ex discipulis suis protinus silenter vocavit, eique præcepit, dicens: Vade, atque in illa silva in loco tali caram arborem require; et vestimenta quae in ca in veneris defer. Cumque discipulus abiisset, arborem sicut fuerat jussum requisivit, vestimenta reperit, et latenter detulit luagistro. Qum vir Dei- suscipiens, peregrinis nudis atque petentibus ostend it et praebuit, dii ens: Veuite, quia nudi estis, eCCe tollite, et vestite vos. Hæc illi intuentes, recognoverunt quae posuerant, magnoque pudore consternati suni; et qui fraudulenter vestimenta quærebant aliena, confu i receperunt sua.
隨即悄悄地叫來他的一個門徒,吩咐他說:「你去,在那樹林中某某地方尋一棵中空的樹;把你在其中所找到的衣服帶回來。」門徒去了,照所吩咐的尋著那樹,找到衣服,暗暗帶回給師父。神人接過來,把它們拿給那些赤身乞討的客旅看,並遞給他們說:「來吧,你們既然赤身,看哪,拿去穿上吧。」他們一看,認出這正是自己先前藏放的衣服,便滿懷羞愧,狼狽不堪;那些詭詐地想騙取他人衣服的人,蒙羞地領回了自己的衣物。
and he at once quietly called one of his disciples and charged him, saying: 「Go, and in that wood, in such and such a place, look for a hollow tree; and bring back the garments which you will find in it.」 And when the disciple had gone off, he sought the tree as he had been commanded, found the garments, and secretly brought them to his master. Receiving them, the man of God showed them to the naked pilgrims who were begging, and gave them, saying: 「Come, since you are naked; behold, take these, and clothe yourselves.」 Looking at them, they recognized what they had laid there, and were overwhelmed with great shame; and those who had fraudulently sought garments that were another's, received back their own, confounded.
83:9
Alio quoque ten'pore quidam se ejus orationibus commendans, sportas duas plenas alimentis ei per puerum transmisit, quarum unam idem puer subripuit, atque in itinere abscondit: unam vero ad Dei hoininem detulit, et petitionem illius qui se ei per xenium commendaverat enarravit. Quam v.r Domini benigne suscipiens, eumdeM puerum admonuit, dicens: Gratias agimus, sed vide, sportau, quam in itinere posuisti ne incaute tangere præsumas, qnia iri eam serpens ingressas est. Esto ergo sollicitus, ne si tollere incaute volueris, a serpente feriaris.
又有一次,有一人把自己託付於他的禱告,藉一個童僕給他送去兩籃裝滿了食物;那童僕偷了其中一籃,藏在路上,卻把另一籃帶到神人這裡,並轉達那藉禮物託付於他之人的請求。主的僕人和藹地收下,卻告誡那童僕說:「我們致謝;只是留意你放在路上的那籃,不可冒失地去碰它,因為有一條蛇已鑽了進去。所以要謹慎,免得你冒失地去拿,被蛇咬傷。」
At another time also, a certain man, commending himself to his prayers, sent him by a servant-boy two baskets full of provisions; of which that same boy stole one and hid it along the way, but brought the other to the man of God, and related the request of the one who had commended himself to him by the gift. Kindly receiving it, the man of the Lord admonished that same boy, saying: 「We give thanks; but see to the basket which you set down along the way—do not presume to touch it carelessly, for a serpent has entered into it. Be careful, therefore, lest, if you go to take it up carelessly, you be struck by the serpent.」
83:10
QuiLIIS verbis puer valde confusus, exsultavit quidern quod monem evasc-rir, sed tristis d ad modicum factus est, quia quamvis salubrem poenam, tamen pertulit verecundiam suam. Qui reversus ad sportam, caute ac sollicite attendit, sed eam jani, sicut vir Dei præd xerat, serpens tenebat. Hic itaque cum virtute abstinentiæ, contemptu rerum transeuntium, prophetiæ spiritu, orationis intentione esset incomparabiliter præditus, unum erat quod in eo reprehensibile esse videbatur, quod nonnunquam tanta ei lætitia inerat, ut illis tot virtutibus nisi sciretur esse plenus, nullo modo crederetur. PETR. Quidnaul, quæso te, hoc esse dicimus ?
聽了這話,童僕大為驚惶;他固然歡喜自己逃脫了死亡,卻也有片刻憂傷,因為這責罰雖有益,他終究因此蒙受了自己的羞愧。他回到那籃處,小心翼翼、戰戰兢兢地查看,果然如神人所預言的,有一條蛇正盤據其中。這人在克己的德行、對過眼之物的鄙棄、先知之靈、以及禱告的專注上,都超群卓絕,無可比擬;然而他身上似有一件事可受責備:就是他有時懷著如此巨大的喜樂,若非人知道他滿有這麼多德行,斷不會相信。彼得:請問,我們該說這是甚麼緣故呢?
At these words the boy was greatly confounded; he rejoiced indeed that he had escaped death, yet for a little while he became sad, because, although the penalty was wholesome, still he suffered shame for it. Returning to the basket, he attended to it warily and anxiously; but a serpent was now holding it, just as the man of God had foretold. And so, though this man was incomparably endowed with the virtue of abstinence, with contempt for passing things, with the spirit of prophecy, and with earnestness in prayer, there was one thing that seemed to be reprehensible in him: that sometimes so great a gladness was in him that, unless one knew him to be full of so many virtues, it could in no way be believed. PETER: What, I pray you, shall we say this to be?
83:11
Sponte sibi lætiliæ frena laxabat, an lot virtutibus pollens, aliquando ad praesens gaudium etiam renitens ejus animus trabebatur? GRECOR. Magna est, Petre, omnipotentis Dei dispensatio, et plerumque contingit III 308 quibus majora bona praestat, quaedam minora noM tribuat, ut semper eorum animus habeat unde se ipse reprehendat; quatenus dum appetunt perfecti esse, nec possunt. et laborant in hoc quod non acceperunt, nec tamen laborando praevalent, in his quæ accepta habent se minime extollant, sed discant quia ex semetipsis majora a bona non habent, qui in semetipsis vincere parva vitia atque extrema non possunt. Hinc est enim quod perducto Dominus ad terram repromissionis populo.
他是自願放縱喜樂的韁繩呢,還是他的心雖然滿有許多德行,卻有時不由自主地被牽引到當下的歡愉?額我略:彼得啊,全能天主的安排是偉大的,常有這樣的事:祂賜下更大恩惠的人,卻不把某些較小的恩惠賜給他們,好叫他們的心常有可自責之處;為要使他們渴慕成全卻不能夠,為所未領受的而勞苦,勞苦卻仍不得勝,這樣,他們便不在所已領受的恩惠上自高,反倒學會:那在自身尚不能勝過微小末等之過的人,靠自己並沒有更大的恩惠。正因如此,主領祂的百姓進入應許之地時,
Did he of his own accord loosen the reins to his gladness, or was his mind, though strong in so many virtues, sometimes drawn against its will to present joy? GREGORY: Great, Peter, is the dispensation of almighty God, and it often happens that to those to whom He grants greater goods, He does not bestow certain lesser ones, so that their mind may always have something wherein to reproach itself; to the end that, while they long to be perfect and cannot, and labor at that which they have not received, yet by laboring do not prevail, they may not exalt themselves in those things which they have received, but may learn that of themselves they have not the greater goods, who in themselves cannot overcome small and least faults. For this reason it is that the Lord, when He had led His people through to the land of promise,
83:12
cunctos fortes atque praepotentes adversarios ejas exstinguens, Philisthæns atque Cha- nanæos diutius reservavit, ut, sicut scriptum eSI, in cis experiretur Israel (Jud. III, 4); quia nonnunquam, ut (Sictuln est, eis euam quibus magna onatribuit, parva quaedam reprehensibilia relinquit, ut senper habeant contra quod bellum gerant, et devictis ma. gms hostibus mentem non erigant, quando eas adbuc adversarii etiam minhni fatigant. Fit itaque ut miro modo una eademque mens et virtute polleat, et ex infirmitate lassescat, quatenus et b ex parte construeta sit, et ex parte se conspiciat esse destruetam, ut per bonuM quod quærit, el habere non valet, illud servet humiliter quod habet.
祂雖除滅了他們一切剛強有力的仇敵,卻把非利士人和迦南人多留了些時候,好叫如經上所記,「藉他們試驗以色列」(士三4);因為有時,如前所述,祂即使賜大恩給人,也留下某些微小可責之過,好叫他們常有可爭戰之事,並在戰勝了大敵之後不至心高氣傲,因連最微小的仇敵仍在困擾他們。於是奇妙地成就了這事:同一顆心既在德行上剛強,又因軟弱而疲乏,好使它一面被建立,一面又看見自己被拆毀,這樣,藉著它所尋求卻不能得的美善,謙卑地守住它所已有的。
while destroying all their strong and mighty adversaries, kept the Philistines and Canaanites longer in reserve, so that, as it is written, 「through them Israel might be tested」 (Judg. 3:4); because sometimes, as has been said, even to those to whom He grants great things He leaves certain small reprehensible faults, that they may always have something against which to wage war, and, having conquered great enemies, may not lift up their mind, while even the least of adversaries still wearies them. And so it comes to pass, in a wondrous manner, that one and the same mind both is strong in virtue and grows faint from weakness, so that it may be in part built up and in part behold itself to be pulled down, that through the good which it seeks and cannot have, it may humbly keep the good which it has.
83:13
Sf'd quid mirum quod hoc de homine dicimus, quando ilia superna regio i r civibus suis es parte damna pertulit, et ex parte forther stet", ut electi angelorum spiritus duro alios per superbiam cecidisse conspicerellt, ipsi tanto rohustius quanto humi'lius starent ? Illi ergo regioni sua etiam detrimenta profecerunt, quae ad æternitatis statum ei parte suæ destructionis est solidius instru cta. Sic ergo et in unaquaque anima agitur, ut in humilitatis custodiam aliquando ad lucra maxima ex minimo damno servetur. PETR. Placet quod dicis.
但我們論及人時說這話,有何足奇呢?連那天上的境界也在自己的居民中一面受了虧損,一面仍屹立不搖,好叫蒙揀選的天使之靈,眼見別的因驕傲而墜落時,愈謙卑站立就愈剛強穩固。所以對那境界而言,連它的虧損也成了益處,因它藉著那部分的毀壞,反被更穩固地建造,以致達於永恆之境。在每一個靈魂裡也是如此運作:有時藉最微小的虧損,使它被保守於謙卑之中,以致得著最大的益處。彼得:你所說的甚合我心。
But what wonder is it that we say this of man, when even that heavenly region suffered loss in part among its own citizens, and in part stood firm, so that the elect angelic spirits, while they beheld others fall through pride, might stand the more robustly the more humbly they stood? To that region, therefore, its very losses proved profitable, which by the part of its destruction was the more solidly built up unto the state of eternity. So too it is wrought in each single soul, that it may sometimes be preserved, by the least loss, for the greatest gains, in the keeping of humility. PETER: What you say is pleasing.
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